新概念英語第二冊第三課學習筆記(共7頁)

1、Lesson 3Please Send Me a Card【New words and expressions】生詞和短語（11）send v.寄，送postcard n.明信片spoil v.使索然無味，損壞museum n.博物館public adj.公共的friendly adj.友好的waiter n.服務員，招待員lend v.借給decision n.決定whole adj.整個的single adj.唯一的，單一的send v.寄,送send a letter寄信send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth.給某人送（寄）什么東西send/take childre

2、n to school：take強調(diào)某人親自送；send則是通過第三人去送,如美國的校車。take flowers to his wife自己送send flowers to his wife叫店里的人送postcard n.明信片兩個爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。這里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音name card /visiting card名片Here is my name card. (口語常用,同時伴隨著遞出的動作)ID card身份證（ID身份）credit card信用卡cash card現(xiàn)金卡,儲蓄卡,工資卡(不能透支的那種)spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v.使索然

3、無味,損壞vt.弄壞，損壞，糟蹋The sad news spoiled our weekend.這不幸的消息使我們沒能過好周末。The rain spoiled the school sports.這場雨把學校運動會弄得一團糟。This spoiled my day. What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my holiday.vt.寵壞，慣壞，溺愛Dontspoilyourchildren.不能太慣孩子。Hisparentsspoiledtheboy.spoil:把東西的質(zhì)量變得不好;生活中不順心的事;寵壞,溺愛break:打破; bre

4、ak the windows打破玻璃damage:破壞,程度不一定很重destroyd'str:破壞,徹底摧毀以上三個是指物理上的破壞,而spoil主要指精神上的museum n.博物館PalaceMuseum故宮Palace皇宮,宮殿public adj.公共的adj.公共的，公眾的，社會的There is a public library in this town.I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.adj.公開的，眾人皆知的Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.他們的

5、秘密會晤20年以后才被公開。public house（酒吧）簡稱pub public place公共場所in public公開的；in private私下里的Lets have a conversation in private.讓我們私下談談?Why not have a conversation in public?為什么不公開談呢?(當面說呢?)n.公眾，群眾，大眾The public is/are pleased with his explanation.公眾對他的解釋很滿意。The museum is open to the public on Sunday.friendly adj

6、.友好的friendly是形容詞，單獨使用時一般做定語；作為狀語表示這個人做什么事情很友好,用短語in a friendly way. He is not very friendly to John.She gave me a friendly greeting'grit問候,迎接,招呼.He always greets me in a friendly way.以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞還有l(wèi)ovely，brotherly'brðl兄弟般的;友愛的,親切的，fatherly'fðl父親般的;慈祥的，manly，motherlywaiter n.服務員,招

7、待員waiter(男服務員),waitress(女服務員),只出現(xiàn)在餐館里,chief waiter領班I want to see the chief waiter.我要見你們的領班。shop assistant商店里的店員attendant n.（其他公共場所的）服務員lend v.借給lend to（借出）：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth.Can you lend me $20 please? Ill pay/give it back tomorrow.borrow from（借進）：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth.（borrow不

8、能用borrow sb sth.）He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasnt given me it yet.decisiond'snn.決定make /take a decision作出決定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.Are you made/taken a decision?make a big/great decision (big：重大；great：偉大,更重大)decide v.決定whole adj.整個的a whole bottle of milk一整瓶牛奶the w

9、hole，the whole day整天，two whole weeks整整兩星期all the，all the day (the可省略)整天all of后面如果加代詞,代詞前面不需要修飾詞；一旦要加名詞,前面一定要加the. all of us；all of the students.single adj.唯一的,單一的反義詞: double雙倍的【Text】Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. Ivisited museums and sat in public gardens. A friend

10、ly waiter taughtme a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines,but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards.My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and boughtthirty-seven ca

11、rds. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did notwrite a single card!參考譯文：明信片總攪得我假日不得安寧.去年夏天,我去了意大利.我參觀了博物館,還去了公園.一位好客的服務員教了我?guī)拙湟獯罄Z,之后還借給我一本書.我讀了幾行,但一個字也不懂.我每天都想著明信片的事.假期過得真快,可我還沒有給我的朋友們寄過一張明信片.到了最后一天,我作出了一項重大決定.我早早起了床,買來了37張明信片.我在房間里關了整整一天.然而竟連一張明信片也沒寫成!【課文講解】1、Last summer, I went to Italy.last：

12、adj.上一個last summer里的last表示“上一個”adj.最后一個，表示“最后一個”時要加冠詞the.the last day最后一天（具體到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on）2、"A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.Italian于Italy :注意重讀音的位置不同teach sb. sth.教某人做某事He teaches our English.(錯) He teaches us English.(對)語言不可數(shù),所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian.I

13、can speak a little English/a few words of English.afew可與復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示肯定，含有some，asmallnumberof（一些，少數(shù)幾個）的意思。The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要問他一些問題。3、Everyday I thought about postcards.think about/of考慮,思考，指某一段時間一直在想/考慮某事, think of還可指想到. What do you think of?What do you think of TV pro

14、gram last night?你認為昨晚的電視節(jié)目怎么樣？What do you think of the weather today?你覺得天氣怎么樣?think over仔細考慮，反復思考Whats the weather like today?cold, chilly'tl（非常冷）, freezefriz感到極冷;凍僵I'll freeze.我要凍僵了4、Ispentthewholedayinmyroom,butIdidnotwriteasinglecard!spend與表示時間的詞或短語連和時，意思為“花（時間）”、“度過”spend+時間+地點:在什么地點我花費/

15、度過了多少時間I spend three hours in the sea. I spend my weekend at my mother's.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)spend還可以表示“花錢”I cant spend any more on this car.If we spend all the money, well be poor again.【Key structures】一般過去時:一般過去時通常表示過去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已

16、經(jīng)結(jié)束的事件、動作或情況。它通常指動作何時發(fā)生，而不指動作持續(xù)多久。Doyouevercatchacoldinthewinter?Yes,Icaughtacoldlastwinter.【Special Difficulties】直接賓語與間接賓語:雙賓語：直接賓語(表示動作結(jié)果，動作所涉及的事物)和間接賓語(動作目標，動作是誰做的或為誰做的，通常是人)。間接賓語大多數(shù)情況下置于直接賓語之前，如果間接賓語在后，間接賓主前必須加“to”（表示動作對什么人做）或“for”（表示動作為什么人而做）。give sb. sth./give sth to sb間接賓語在后面時,其前必須加to(對而言)或fo

17、r(為而做)。可以翻譯為“給”、“替”、“為”的，就用for；如果只能翻譯為“給”的,就用to.與to相連的give,take,pass,read, sell,buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise'prms承諾，offer'f給予,提供;拿出,出示，oweo欠(債等).take flowers to my wife.與for相連的buy, order, make, findI buy a book for you . make a cake for you find sth. for sb.do sb. a favor幫某人一個忙Do me a fav

18、or please./Do a favor for me?幫我一個忙I do something for you. Can I order something for you?Can I buy you a bottle of beer ?意為我請你喝杯酒的意思【Multiple choice questions】4 ( a ) him a few words of Italian? The waiter.a.Whotaughtb.Whodidteachc.Whatdidheteachd.Whomdidheteach人做主語提問who對賓語提問whomwho既可以對主語提問也可以對賓語提問,而

19、whom只能對賓語提問如果對主語提問,則句子的語序和陳述句語序一樣；如果對非主語來提問,則句子要使用特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句的語序Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian?5 He was a friendly waiter. He spoke to the writer ( d ).a.friend b.as friends c.like friends d.in a friendly wayHe spoke to the writer like a friend.in.way :以.方式,作為狀語表示這個人做什么事情很友好,用短語in afrie