高考定語從句的考點要點PPT課件

1、2021/7/241Grammar2021/7/242GrammarGrammar2021/7/243修飾名詞和代詞的成分修飾名詞和代詞的成分Key words:定語定語:a beautiful flowera tall boybeautifultall定語從句：定語從句：修飾名詞和代詞的從句修飾名詞和代詞的從句This is the best film that I have seen.定語從句the best film 先行詞that關(guān)系詞2021/7/244This is the best film that I have seen.關(guān)系詞引導定語從句代替先行詞在從句中擔當一個成分關(guān)系詞

2、的作用 1） 2） 3）2021/7/245Beijing is the city that / which has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games. Beijing the city get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.2021/7/246Revision1 the usage of the relative pronoun 關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞指代在定語從句中所充當?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhose2021/7/247 the usage of

3、the the usage of the relative adverbrelative adverb關(guān)系副詞指代所充當?shù)木渥映煞謜henwherewhytimeplacereasonadverbialadverbialadverbial2021/7/248起限定作用。起限定作用。若省略，原句若省略，原句意義不完整。意義不完整。起補充說明作起補充說明作用。若省略，用。若省略，原句意義不受原句意義不受影響。影響。修飾修飾先行先行詞詞修飾先修飾先行詞行詞 / 整個句整個句子子無逗無逗號隔號隔開開有逗有逗號與號與主句主句隔開隔開有有that 無無that Revision 2 限制性定語從句與非限制

4、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別性定語從句的區(qū)別2021/7/249 Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.Revision 2 限制性定語從句與非限制限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別性定語從句的區(qū)別她那當兵的哥哥總是鼓勵她上大學。（隱含意思：或許不止一個哥哥）她哥哥是當兵的，他總是鼓勵她上大學。2021/7/2410 The b

5、ook (that /which) I bought yesterday is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. The book ,which I bought yesterday, is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. ，我昨天買的那本書是 哈里.波特與鳳凰令2021/7/24111.1.指物時只用指物時只用that that 或或which which 的情況的情況2.2.介詞介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞3.Whose 3.Whose 用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式4.as 4.as 與與whichwh

6、ich的區(qū)別的區(qū)別5.5.指人時指人時that that 與與whowho的區(qū)別的區(qū)別6.6.如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞7.7.定語從句中的主謂一致問題定語從句中的主謂一致問題2021/7/24121. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was th

7、e Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itthat 與與which 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別that2021/7/24134. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the on

8、ly gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it先行詞為先行詞為人和物的人和物的組合組合先行詞被先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等等修飾時修飾時先行詞被先行詞被序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞或或最高級最高級修飾先行詞前有修飾先行詞前有序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞(the first),形容詞最高級形容詞最高級(the best), the last, the very, the

9、 only 等時。等時。2021/7/2414 1. 先行詞為先行詞為all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代詞等不定代詞2.先行詞被先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等修飾時。等修飾時。3.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾先行詞前有序數(shù)詞先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾先行詞前有序數(shù)詞(the first),形容詞最高級形容詞最高級(the best), the last, the very, the only 等時。等時。4. 先行詞為人和物的組合先行詞為人和物的組合5.若主句中有疑

10、問代詞若主句中有疑問代詞 who 或者或者 which，為了避免重復，為了避免重復, 關(guān)系代詞不要再用關(guān)系代詞不要再用 who, which，而用，而用 that。只用只用that的情況的情況:that 與與which 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別2021/7/2415 1. Jim passed the driving test, _ 1. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. surprised everybody in the office. A.which B that C this A.which B th

11、at C this D.itD.it只用只用which的情況的情況:1,逗號后面逗號后面 2,介詞后面介詞后面2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.A.on which B that C which D.this2021/7/2416 考點二考點二:介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞提醒提醒: 介詞關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句介詞關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句, 關(guān)鍵關(guān)鍵 是判斷介詞的選擇是判斷介詞的選擇.方法一方法一:根據(jù)從句中根據(jù)從句中動詞動詞與與先行詞先行詞習慣搭配習慣搭配方法二方法二:根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系 注意：注意

12、：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由語時，從句常常由“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引引出。此時關(guān)系代詞只能用出。此時關(guān)系代詞只能用which 或或 whom; 不可用不可用that 或或who 代替代替2021/7/2417The man is from Beijing UniversityBeijing University .I talked about him at the meetingI talked about him at the meeting.The man The man (who/whom/that)(who/whom/that) I

13、 talked I talked about about at the meeting at the meeting is from Beijing is from Beijing University.University.Join them into one sentence.=The man about I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. 關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時，不能用關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時，不能用that，也，也不能省略，常用不能省略，常用which或或whom。該介詞通?？梢浴Ｔ摻樵~通?？梢苑旁陉P(guān)系代詞之前，也可

14、放在從句之尾。放在關(guān)系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。whom2021/7/2418但遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組但遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置主體，不作前置 Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ? 2021/7/2419Filling blanks:1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.2.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.with whomin which2021/7/2420考點三考

15、點三 Whose 用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式1. whose引導定語從句，其后應緊跟名詞，引導定語從句，其后應緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語。構(gòu)成名詞短語。Thats the child whose father is a teacher.Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.2.2.whose引導定語從句，其先行詞不僅可引導定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物。以指人，還可以指物。 2021/7/24213. whose的先行詞指物時的先行詞指物時, 可用可用of

16、 which代替代替, 但詞序不同，但詞序不同，即即whose+名詞名詞=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.He lives in the room whose window faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.= He lives in the room, faces south.the window of which of which the window 2021/7/2422考點四：考點四：as與與which引導的定語從句引導的定語從句 兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時兩者均可引導非

17、限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用可以互換，但下列情況多用asas。1. 1. 當與當與suchsuch或或the samethe same連用時，一般用連用時，一般用asas。e.g. e.g. SuchSuch books books as as you tell me are you tell me are eresting. I have I have the same the same plan plan asas you.you.2. 2. asas 引導的從句可以放在句首引導的從句可以放在句首, as , as 本身有本身有“正如正如.正象

18、正象”之意，與之連用的詞有之意，與之連用的詞有 knowknow, , see, expect, announce, point out see, expect, announce, point out 等。等。e.g. e.g. AsAs we all know, the earth is round. we all know, the earth is round.2021/7/24231. _ was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _ we use in the experim

19、ent _ Greek letters. A. as, are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is2021/7/24243. She is very good at dance, _ everybody knows. A. that B. which C. who D. as4. _ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As5. We do the same work _ they do. A. which B. as C. than

20、D. like2021/7/2425Anyone _breaks the law is punished.Those _ break the law are punished.He _ breaks the law is punished.在在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行詞作先行詞時時, 用用”who” 代替代替 “that”.考點五考點五: that 與與who的區(qū)別的區(qū)別whowhowho2021/7/2426 考點六考點六:如何判斷用如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞還是還是關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞?選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞時，需注意兩點：選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞時，需注意

21、兩點：1.先行詞先行詞2.關(guān)系詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞株P(guān)系詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞?。做主語，賓語，定語用做主語，賓語，定語用做狀語用做狀語用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞2021/7/2427 I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.when

22、(which/that)(which/that)where2021/7/2428 考點七考點七:定語從句中主謂一致問題定語從句中主謂一致問題 定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應該與它定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應該與它的的先行詞先行詞保持一致。保持一致。1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job isam2021/7/2429 3. This is one of the best books 3. This is one of the best books _._. A

23、. that have ever been written A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written C. that has written D. that have written D. that have written4. She is not the only one of the 4. She is not the only one of the girls _ well in class.girls _

24、well in class. A. which sings B. A. which sings B. who sing who sing C. who sings D. C. who sings D. who to singwho to sing2021/7/24301. Is this factory _ we visited last week?DIs this the factory _ we visited last Week?A、where B、thatC、to which D、the oneB解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。述句式

25、。ExercisesExercises2021/7/24312. Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA先行詞是先行詞是situation, case, scene時，時，一般用一般用where,最佳最佳選擇則是選擇則是in which2021/7/24323. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、whatC、which D、whyC She will never

26、 forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.A2021/7/24335. The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、who B、whoseC、of whom D、whichB6.Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、who B、who wantC、who wants D、whatB2021/7/24347. I dont like English, _ grammar I am not interested.

27、I dont like English, _ grammar is difficult to learn. I like this house, _ doorway is just enough to get . I like this house, _ doorway is small. A. in which B. which C. through whose D. whoseABCD2021/7/24358. I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who

28、am D9. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、which B、thatC、what D、asB2021/7/243610. His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD2021/7/243711. Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB2021/7/2438 12

29、. As many members _ were present agreed to the plan. A. who B. that C. which D. as D13. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what B2021/7/243914. This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B D比較：比較：.the same pen as I lost. . the s

30、ame pen that I lost.表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，不一定就是表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，不一定就是則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支 .2021/7/244015. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve it. A. as B. that C. which D. the onesABso .that 后面跟的是一個結(jié)果狀語從句后面跟的是一個結(jié)

31、果狀語從句2021/7/244116. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. ThatB2021/7/244217. Ill tell you _ he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all D18. How do you like the book? Its quite different from _ I read la

32、st month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what C2021/7/244319. There are three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC2021/7/244420.I bought some books from the bookstore, five _were English novels.A. of which B. whichC. that D. in whichA2021/7/244521.Here are players from Japan, some of 21.Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends._ are our old friends. Here are some players from Japan and Here are some players from Japan and some of _ are our old friends.some of _ are our old friends. A.