2021大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)翻譯及聽力必考詞

1、2021大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)翻譯及聽力必考詞 2021 大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)翻譯 及聽力 必考詞 一. . 中國文化類 帶星號(hào)（*）為六級(jí)同學(xué)掌握，四級(jí)可以不用看 四大發(fā)明：the four great inventions 印刷術(shù)/*活字印刷術(shù)：printing/movable-type printing 造紙術(shù)：paper-making 指南針：compass 火藥：gunpowder 絲綢之路：the Silk Road 瓷器/*陶器：china/pottery 硬幣/紙幣：coins/paper bills 對(duì)外貿(mào)易/海外貿(mào)易/*海上貿(mào)易：foreign trade/overseas trade/

2、maritime commerce 古代文明：ancient civilization 文化交流：cultural exchange 文化沖突：cultural shock/cultural conflict 文化產(chǎn)業(yè)：cultural industry 文化遺產(chǎn)：cultural herie 鄉(xiāng)村文化：rural culture 民族文化：national culture 民間藝術(shù)：folk art 表演藝術(shù)：performing art 特征：feature/characteristic 祖先：ancestor 哲學(xué)家：philosopher 中國文學(xué)：Chinese literature

3、 中外學(xué)者：Chinese and overseas scholars 巨著：great works 顯著成就：remarkable achievements 神話/傳說：myth/legend 陽歷/陰歷：solar calendar/lunar calendar 金/木/水/火/土：metal/wood/water/fire/earth 工藝/手工藝品：craft/ handicraft 唐朝：Tang Dynasty 始于.年/持續(xù).時(shí)間/滅亡：begin in/last for/collapse 統(tǒng)治/統(tǒng)治者：govern (v.) rule (v)/ruler (n.)在.統(tǒng)治下：d

4、uring the reign of . 權(quán)力/權(quán)威：power/authority 戲劇/京劇/劇院：drama/Peking Opera/theater 詩人/政客：poet/politician 少數(shù)民族：ethnic minority .地位：social status 起源于：originate in/from （在一個(gè)地方起源用 in，從一個(gè)地方起源用 from） 追溯到: be traced back to /trace back to 發(fā)源地：birthplace 古代：ancient times 現(xiàn)代：modern times 獨(dú)特元素：a unique element 組成

5、（選一背誦即可）：A constitute B/A comprise B/A make up B （A 組成 B）B consist of A/B is composed of A （B由 A 組成） 【常見錯(cuò)誤：切忌不要用 comprise of】 工業(yè)革命：industrial revolution 代表：represent/stand for 象征：symbolize (v.) /symbolic (adj.) /symbol (n.) 繁榮：prosperous (adj.) / prosperity (n.) /flourish (v.)國寶：national treasure *腐

6、敗：corruption *擴(kuò)大領(lǐng)土：extend the territory/domain *奪取政權(quán)：seize the power *才子佳人：gifted scholars and beautiful ladies *下棋飲茶：play chess and drink tea *耕耘收割：sow and reap *織布縫衣：weave and sew *湖上打漁：fish on the lake *砍柴采藥：cut firewood and gather herbs *吟詩作畫：compose poems and paint pictures 經(jīng)典模板句練習(xí)： 1.中國武術(shù)（mart

7、ial art）的起源可以追溯到自衛(wèi)的需要、狩獵活動(dòng)以及古代中國的軍事訓(xùn)練 (CET-4)。 The origin of Chinese martial art can be traced back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and ancient Chinese military training. 2.構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在世界基礎(chǔ)的許多元素都起源于中國 (CET-4)。 Many elements which constitute/comprise the foundation of the modern world originated in Chi

8、na. 3.最出名的就是門神和三大神福神、薪神和壽神（Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity），寓意著莊稼豐收，家畜興旺和慶祝春節(jié) (CET-4,6)。 The most famous ones are Door Gods and Three Gods of Blessing, Salaryand Longevity, symbolizing/which symbolize the good/abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic/home animals and the ce

9、lebration of the Spring Festival. 4.那時(shí)，黃色是專為皇帝使用的顏色，皇家宮殿全都漆成黃色，皇袍總是黃色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黃色衣服的 (CET-4)。 At that time, yellow was only/exclusively used for the emperor. The royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow. However, ordinary people were forbidden to wear clothes of the

10、color. 5.反應(yīng)在藝術(shù)和文學(xué)中的鄉(xiāng)村生活理想是中國文明的重要特征。這在很大程度上歸功于道家（Taoist）對(duì)自然的感情。(CET-6) The rural life ideal reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization. This, to a large extent, can be attributed to the Taoist affection towards nature. 6.漢朝統(tǒng)治期間有很多顯著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞開了大門，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興旺。漢

11、朝開拓的絲綢之路通向中西亞乃至羅馬，各類藝術(shù)流派繁榮，涌現(xiàn)了很多文學(xué)，歷史，哲學(xué)巨著。(CET-6) There are a number of remarkable achievements during the reign of the Han dynasty, which first unlocked the door to other cultures and made foreign trade prosperous. The Silk Road which the Han dynasty has explored led to Central and Western Asia, a

12、nd even to Rome, with all varieties of art schools flourishing and many works in literature, history and philosophy. 7.大媽是對(duì)中年婦女的稱呼，但是現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價(jià)大跌時(shí)大量購買黃金的中國婦女。(CET-6) The word "dama' is used to describe middle-aged women. However, it particularly refers to those Chinese women who rushed to pu

13、rchase a large amount of gold when the gold price decreased sharply not long ago. 8.宋朝還最早使用火藥并發(fā)明了活字（movable-type）印刷。人口增長迅速，越來越多的人住進(jìn)城市，那里有熱鬧的娛樂場(chǎng)所。.生活多種多樣。人們聚集在一起觀看和交易珍貴藝術(shù)品。宋朝的政府體質(zhì)在當(dāng)時(shí)也是先進(jìn)的。政府官員均通過競爭性考試選拔任用。(CET-6) The Song Dynasty was the first to use gunpowder and to invent movable-type printing. Wit

14、h rapidly increasing population, more and more people moved into cities, in which entertainment venues were very busy. There are many forms of social life. The Song dynasty also had an advanced government system in the world. All of the government officials were selected and appointed through the co

15、mpetitive examination. 二. . 旅游城市類 風(fēng)景/風(fēng)光：scenery/landscape 目的地：destination 景點(diǎn)：tourist attraction/scenic spot 游覽：sightseeing (n.)/see the sight 歷史古跡：historic site 文物：cultural relic 位于：be located in 以而聞名/作為而聞名：be famous for /be famous as 享譽(yù)盛名：earn a great reputation 有年歷史：has a history of years 面積/人口：ar

16、ea/population 平方公里：square kilometers 規(guī)模：scale 漁村/水鄉(xiāng)：fishing village/water town 偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)：remote areas 日出/日落：sunrise/sunset 濕潤的/干燥的：wet(humid)/dry 宏偉壯麗：magnificent 治療疾?。簍reat diseases 溫泉/瀑布：hot spring/waterfall 園林建筑：garden architecture 寺廟/殿堂：temple/hall 塔：pagoda/tower 樓：mansion 亭：pavilion 溪/河/海：stream/riv

17、er/sea 林/田/*牧：forest/field/pasture 東南角/東南部：southeastern corner/southeastern part 華北：North China/northern China/northern regions of China 陜南：southern Shaanxi 江南：Yangtze River Delta 山東省中部：in the center of Shandong Province *蜿蜒小路：winding road/trail 朝圣/朝圣者 pilgrimage/pilgrim *避暑勝地：summer resort *美不勝收：to

18、o many beautiful things to be appreciated at once *聞名遐邇：known far and wide *奇花異草：exotic flowers and herbs *絡(luò)繹不絕：an endless stream 山水畫：landscape painting 攝影：photography 獲得靈感：obtain inspiration 纜車：cable cars 新趨勢(shì)：new trend/tendency 背包旅行/背包客：backpacking/backpacker 體驗(yàn)文化：experience cultures 豐富知識(shí)：enlarge k

19、nowledge 拓展視野：broaden horizon 生活節(jié)奏：life tempo/pace 餐館/旅館：restaurant/hotel 住宅/集市/庭院：dwelling/market/courtyard 洪水/干旱：flood/drought 衣食住行：clothing, meals, accommodation, transportation 月餅：moon cake 海鮮：seafood 年糕：rice cake 餃子：dumplings 面條：noodle 面粉：flour 粥：porridge 米飯（水稻）：rice 谷物（糧食）：grain 小麥：wheat 三明治：s

20、andwich 漢堡：hamburger 湯：soup 菜：dish/cuisine （dish 是一道菜，cuisine 是菜肴、烹飪） 糖/鹽/醋/酒/油：sugar/salt/vinegar/wine/oil 色/香/味/行：color/aroma/taste/appearance 酸/甜/苦/辣/咸/淡：sour/sweet/bitter/spicy/salty/light 煮/炸/熏/烤：boil/fry/smoke/bake(roast, grill) 西瓜/葡萄：watermelon/grape 經(jīng)典模板句練習(xí)： 1.黃山位于.省南部。它風(fēng)景獨(dú)特，尤以其日出和云海著稱。(CET-

21、4)。Mount Huang is located in the south of Anhui province. With unique sceneries, it is particularly famous for the sunrise and the sea of clouds. 2.年輕游客數(shù)量的不斷增加，可以歸因于他們迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。 (CET-4)。The number of young tourists/travelers/visitors is increasing, which can be attributed to the rapid growt

22、h of their income and the curiosity to explore the outside world. 3.傳說中國古代哲學(xué)家墨子用了三年時(shí)間在濰坊制作了世界上首個(gè)風(fēng)箏，但放飛的第一天風(fēng)箏就墜落并摔壞了。(CET-4)。 It is said that Motse, one of the philosophers in ancient China, spent three years in Weifang in making the first kite in the world, and that the kite fell and crashed on the

23、first day when it flew in the sky. 4.中國南方大多種植水稻，人們通常以大米為主食；而華北大部分地區(qū)因?yàn)檫^于寒冷或過于干燥，無法種植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麥。(CET-4)。 Rice is mainly grown in southern China where people usually take rice as the staple food. However, because it is either too cold or too dry, it is impossible to grow rice in most of the northern

24、 regions of China, so the main crop there is wheat. 5.麗江到處都是美麗的自然風(fēng)光，眾多的少數(shù)民族同胞提供了各式各樣、豐富多彩的文化讓游客體驗(yàn)。(CET-4) There is beautiful natural scenery everywhere in Lijiang, and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cultural experiences. 6.珠江是華南一大河系，流經(jīng)廣州市，是中國第三長的河流，僅次于長江和黃河。(CET-4)

25、 The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is the Chinas third longest river which is only after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. 7.長江流經(jīng)多種不同的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，是諸多瀕危物種的棲息地，灌溉了中國五分之一的土地。(CET-4) Flowing through many different ecosystems, the Yangtze River

26、is the habitat to a whole host of endangered species and irrigates one fifth of the land in China. 8.中國園林是經(jīng)過三千多年演變而成的獨(dú)具一格的園林景觀。它既包括為皇室成員享樂而建造的大型花園，也包括學(xué)者、商人和卸任的政府官員為擺脫嘈雜的外部世界而建造的私家花園。這些花園構(gòu)成了一種意在表達(dá)人與自然之間應(yīng)有的和諧關(guān)系的微縮景觀。典型的中國園林四周有圍墻，園內(nèi)有池塘、假山（rockworks）、樹木、花草以及各種各樣由蜿蜒的小路和走廊連接的建筑。漫步在花園中，人們可以看到一系列精心設(shè)計(jì)的景觀猶如山水畫卷（scroll）一般展現(xiàn)在面前。(CET-6) The Chinese garden has become a landscape of a unique style after an evolvement of more than 3000 years. It includes not only the large gardens