人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修7Unit-4知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解(共12頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit 4 Sharing核心單詞1. relevantadj. 有關(guān)的；切題的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be relevant to= have sth. to do with 與有關(guān)The meeting is relevant to the matter in hand.這次會(huì)議與正在進(jìn)行的事情有密切關(guān)系。In the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have been asked.在考試時(shí)一定要注意，你寫的所有內(nèi)容都要切合題意。聯(lián)想拓展relevance

2、n.關(guān)聯(lián)；相關(guān)性have relevance to與有關(guān)be irrelevant to 與無(wú)關(guān)have no relevance to=have nothing to do with與無(wú)關(guān)What you say has no relevance to the subject.你所說(shuō)的與主題無(wú)關(guān)。表示“和有關(guān)”的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：be related tobe connected withbe concerned withbe linked tobe associated withbe involved inhave something to do with高手過(guò)招單項(xiàng)填空Topics for co

3、mpositions should be to the experiences and interests of the students. A. concerned B. dependentC. concerning D. Relevant解析：選D。句意為：作文的題目應(yīng)與學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷和興趣有關(guān)。be relevant to與有關(guān)；而concerning 是介詞，相當(dāng)于about,后面不加to。2. adjust vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning.我通常早上上班前校準(zhǔn)我的表

4、。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：adjust(sth.oneself)(to sth.)使適應(yīng)；適應(yīng)It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1.新來(lái)的同學(xué)看來(lái)適應(yīng)了學(xué)校生活。He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他使自己很快適應(yīng)了這個(gè)國(guó)家炎熱的氣候。These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child.這些桌子和凳子能被調(diào)整到適合任何孩子的高度。聯(lián)想拓展adjustm

5、ent n. 調(diào)整；修正adjustable adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的注意：該詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“適應(yīng)于”，后常跟介詞to。高手過(guò)招(1)單項(xiàng)填空You cant see things clearly through a telescope unless it is correctly to your sight. A. adjusted B. examined C. checked D. testedYou can this desk the height of any child. A. adjust; to B. make; to C. suit; to D. remain; f

6、or(2)翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）他很快就適應(yīng)了這種生活方式，從此幸福地生活著。許多新兵沒(méi)能很快的適應(yīng)軍中生活，結(jié)果病倒了。解析：(1)選A。句意為：通過(guò)望遠(yuǎn)鏡你看不清東西，除非你把它調(diào)好。adjust .to 調(diào)整以適應(yīng)。選A。句意為: 你可以調(diào)節(jié)這張桌子以適應(yīng)孩子的身高。 adjust sth. to sth.調(diào)整某物以適應(yīng)某物。(2)He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since.Quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to

7、 army life and fell ill.3. participate vi. 參加,參與；有關(guān)系常用結(jié)構(gòu)：participate in參加,參與 participate in sth. with sb. 同某人參與某事Everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions. 希望全班同學(xué)都能參與這些討論。聯(lián)想拓展participant n. 參加者,參與的人 participation n. 參與；分享易混辨析participate in/attend/join/take part in/join in par

8、ticipate in 正式用語(yǔ)，表示參加，參與。強(qiáng)調(diào)與他人共同參加某一活動(dòng)，暗示以一種積極的態(tài)度參加。 attend 正式用語(yǔ)，一般用于指參加會(huì)議，出席典禮或招待會(huì)等，也可以指上學(xué)，聽(tīng)課，聽(tīng)演講或講座等。 join 常用詞，作及物動(dòng)詞；通常指參加某組織或團(tuán)體，并成為其中的一員，其賓語(yǔ)往往是the army/party/team/club等。 take part in 指參加群眾性的活動(dòng)，側(cè)重說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。part 前若有修飾語(yǔ)，要用不定冠詞。如take (an active) part in school/activities。 join in 參加正在進(jìn)行的活

9、動(dòng)，其賓語(yǔ)一般是競(jìng)賽、娛樂(lè)、談話、討論、聚會(huì)、游戲等名詞，可以用于join in (doing) sth./join sb. in (doing) sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中。 高手過(guò)招(1)單項(xiàng)填空The teacher is easy-going, and she often in the pupilsgames. A. participates B. actsC.joined D. took part(2)用方框內(nèi)所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 （原創(chuàng)） join/join in/take part in/attend/participate inThey all the plot.At the a

10、ge of eighteen, he the party.The children the English Evening and had a good time.He didnt school yesterday because of his illness.Zhou Enlai the student movements actively when he was at school.(1)解析：選A。由時(shí)態(tài)可排除C，D兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)句意表示的是“參加一個(gè)活動(dòng)”可知，答案選A。(2)participated in joined joined in attend took part in4. pr

11、ivilege n. 特權(quán)；特別待遇vt. 給予特權(quán)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：enjoy privileges 享受特權(quán)the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事privilege sb. from . 給某人特權(quán)使某人免于I hope to have the privilege of working with them again. 但愿有幸和他們?cè)俣群献鳌Ｂ?lián)想拓展privileged adj.有特權(quán)的 be privileged to do sth.榮幸地去做某事We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker th

12、is evening.我們榮幸地歡迎你今晚來(lái)給我們做演講。 解析：選B。句意為：女士們，先生們，我非常榮幸地介紹今晚的演講嘉賓。privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事。5. donate v. 捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送常用結(jié)構(gòu)：donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐贈(zèng)某物She donated a large sum of money to the charity.她捐了一大筆錢給那個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。The van was donated to us by a local firm.這輛貨車是當(dāng)?shù)匾患夜揪栀?zèng)給我們的。聯(lián)想拓展donation n. 捐贈(zèng)；捐贈(zèng)物；捐

13、款make/give/present a donation to sb. 捐贈(zèng)給某人send a donation to 把捐款寄至promise a donation 應(yīng)允捐贈(zèng) 高手過(guò)招完成句子 （原創(chuàng)）He (捐贈(zèng))a million to the school. The rest of the money we get is (來(lái)自捐贈(zèng)).答案：donated from donations單項(xiàng)填空()(1)Local people are lining up to _ blood for the badly burnt girl in yesterday's big fire.

14、A. abandon B. arrange C. donate D. handle()(2)If we all save a little money every day to _ to the Project Hope, then many dropouts can return to school again. A. send B. donate C. present D. give(1)C(2)B6. purchase vt.& n.買；購(gòu)買; (以某種代價(jià))換得；(經(jīng)過(guò)努力)取得，贏得(常與with連用)The new couple spent some money on th

15、e purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house.這對(duì)新婚夫婦花費(fèi)了一些錢購(gòu)買新房子里必備的家具。The farm was sold at ten years purchase. 這農(nóng)場(chǎng)以相當(dāng)于十年土地收入的價(jià)錢售出。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：made a purchase 買件東西leave sb.to his purchase讓某人自謀生路live on ones purchase自謀生計(jì)，自找活路purchase freedom with blood 以血的代價(jià)贏得自由purchase and sale 買賣高手過(guò)招翻譯句子 這是我前幾天

16、買來(lái)的一件東西。你不努力什么也不能得到。他給他的兒子一些錢買課本。答案： It is a recent purchase of mine/what I purchased the other day.You cant get any purchase without efforts/purchase anything if you dont make any effort.He gave his son some money for the purchase ofto purchase school books.7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā) 分布狀態(tài)At present, t

17、he distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people. 目前利潤(rùn)的分配未能滿足大多數(shù)人。聯(lián)想拓展distribute vt. 分配; 散布distribute sth. to 把某物分配/分發(fā)給distribute sth. Among 在分發(fā)某物Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.超市開(kāi)業(yè)前，一些工作人員被派去街上散發(fā)傳單。 高手過(guò)招翻譯句子 幼

18、兒園的老師正在給小朋友們派發(fā)禮物。救援物資的發(fā)放依然在討論中。 答案：The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children.The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.8. otherwise adv.除此之外其他方面adv.& conj.否則；不然We'll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat.我們得早點(diǎn)去，要不然就沒(méi)有座位了。I was ill that day

19、, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.那天我病了，否則我會(huì)去參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的。He is rich, but otherwise an unhappy man.他有錢，但在其他方面是個(gè)不幸福的人。Their arrival livened up an otherwise dull afternoon. 他們的到來(lái)讓除了無(wú)聊其他還算好的下午活躍起來(lái)。句型 otherwise / or / or else 引導(dǎo)的后面的分句中常用would / could / might / should have done 的形式表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

20、They got two free tickets to Canada；otherwise they'd never have been able to afford to go. A surveyor's inspection of the building revealed faults that might otherwise have been overlooked. 單項(xiàng)填空()(1)The program has saved thousands of children who would _ have died. A. therefore B. anyhow C.

21、furthermore D. otherwise()(2)I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _ you waiting for such a long time. A. will not keep B. have not kept C. had not kept D. would not have kept即境活用10Make sure the gas is turned off after a bath, which would_cause danger.Asomehow BmeanwhileCotherw

22、ise Dfurthermore解析otherwise否則，符合句意。somehow不知怎么地；meanwhile在此期間；furthermore而且。答案C9. operate v.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1)More important, it could improve the skills to operate the computer. (2)A playgroup operates on the campus. (3)The whole tax system is now operating more efficiently. (4)He did this although he onl

23、y had permission to operate on the right ear. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. (企業(yè)，團(tuán)體)經(jīng)營(yíng)，營(yíng)業(yè) B. (機(jī)器或設(shè)備)操作；操縱 C. (系統(tǒng)或過(guò)程)運(yùn)作；運(yùn)行 D. 動(dòng)手術(shù)；開(kāi)刀 (1)B(2)A(3)C(4)D短語(yǔ)operate on / upon sb. 給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)operate a business經(jīng)營(yíng)一家企業(yè)come / go into operation開(kāi)始工作 / 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；生效put / bring into operation實(shí)施，施行do / perform / carry out an operation實(shí)施行動(dòng)be in oper

24、ation在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中，在行動(dòng)中，在實(shí)施中完成句子 (1)What skills are needed to _ (操作這臺(tái)機(jī)器)? (2)The new rules _ (開(kāi)始生效)from next week. (3)The system _ (已經(jīng)運(yùn)行)for six months. (4)We will have to _ (給他的眼睛動(dòng)手術(shù)) (1) operate this machine (2) come into operation (3) has been in operation (4) operate on his eyes 10. voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的

25、；無(wú)償?shù)腁ll the teachers work on an entirely voluntary basis.所有的這些老師都是志愿工作的。Thirty two patients volunteered for the research study.32位病人自愿參加這項(xiàng)研究。on a voluntary basis在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上volunteer for.自愿參加do voluntary work參加志愿工作volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事volunteer as.志愿當(dāng)即境活用5He _ as a teacher in Tibet.Avoted Bvolunteere

26、dCparticipated Dreacted解析volunteer as 自愿當(dāng)。答案B重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)11. make any (a) difference to 對(duì)有任何關(guān)系或影響；對(duì)起作用It makes a difference which you choose.你選擇哪一個(gè)，事關(guān)重大。Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.你的支持當(dāng)然會(huì)在我們的事業(yè)中發(fā)揮重要作用。聯(lián)想拓展make no/a little/much/some difference沒(méi)有/有一點(diǎn)/有很大的/有一些差別tell the differen

27、ce between 說(shuō)出的差別make a difference between 區(qū)分 高手過(guò)招 單項(xiàng)填空 Does it any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? A.Tell B. be C. give D. Make 解析：選D。句意為：我們是9點(diǎn)還是10點(diǎn)離開(kāi)會(huì)有什么影響嗎？make any difference 有影響。 12. stick out (of sth.)=stick sth. out of 伸出；突出Dont stick your arm out of the car window. 不要把胳膊伸出車窗外

28、。聯(lián)想拓展stick out for 堅(jiān)持索取；堅(jiān)決要求stick together 團(tuán)結(jié)在一起；站在一起stick to堅(jiān)持；忠于stick up向上突起；豎起stick up for支持；維護(hù) 高手過(guò)招單項(xiàng)填空Once you made a decision, you should it. A.stick out B. stick to C. persist in D. insist on 解析：選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：一旦你作出決定，你就應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持下去。stick to+ n./pron. 堅(jiān)持；stick out 突出；堅(jiān)持；persist in 固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)； insist on

29、doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做某事。根據(jù)句意，選B。13. get through根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜詞義 (1)Let's start; there's a lot of work to get through today. (2)I finally managed to get through my driving test. (3)I tried ringing you several times but I couldn't get through. (4) don't know how we're going to get through the wint

30、er.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義找匹配 A. 通過(guò) B. 接通 C. 熬過(guò)；度過(guò) D. 完成 (1)D(2)A(3)B(4)C單項(xiàng)填空()(1)Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through()(2)When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon _ it. A. got off B. got away C. got acr

31、oss D. got over用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 (3)The government managed to get the new law _. (4)Our new manager is easy to get along _. (5)The farmers are busy getting _ crops these days. (1) C(2) D (3) through (4) with (5) ine across偶然遇到或發(fā)現(xiàn);碰見(jiàn)(無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))用法拓展come about 發(fā)生come along / on 一起來(lái);一道走;趕快come out 出來(lái);開(kāi)花;出版come at 攻擊

32、;撲向come to 達(dá)到;總計(jì)為;蘇醒(過(guò)來(lái))come up with 想出;提出come to an end 結(jié)束 come into effect / force / use 生效/開(kāi)始使用16.in need在困難中;在危急中用法拓展in need / want of需要the need for sth對(duì)的需要at ones need在某人困難時(shí)satisfy / meet ones needs滿足某人的需要in surprise吃驚地 in trouble處于困境in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中There is no need to do sth. 沒(méi)有必要做某事I understand

33、 your company is        some new computer equipment.我獲悉你們公司需要一些新計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備。單項(xiàng)填空(2012浙江杭州高三期中)The charity aims to provide assistance to people     .A.in favourB.in particularC.in publicD.in need【答案與解析】D考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。由assistance可知此處應(yīng)該指提供幫助給在困境中的人。in need“在困境中”,符

34、合語(yǔ)境。in favour“贊同”; in particular“尤其”; in public“公開(kāi)地;當(dāng)眾”。17. the other day 不久前的一天（一般過(guò)去時(shí)） one day (過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)) some day(將來(lái)時(shí))即境活用13I haven't seen Bob these days, and I wonder how things go with him?I_him the other day; he said he worked in a chemical works.Aam going to see Bhave seenCsaw Dhad seen解析th

35、e other day與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。答案C重點(diǎn)句型1. I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你急于了解我在這里的生活情況。我在信中附有幾張照片，能夠幫助你想像出我所談到的地方。be dying to do sth意為“極想做某事”。All of them are dying to see the movie. 他們所有人都極想看那部電影。聯(lián)想拓展be dyin

36、g for sth. 極想得到某物(1)表示“渴望”的相關(guān)短語(yǔ):be thirsty for sth.be eager to do sth.desire to do sth.have a strong desire for sth.long to do sth./ for sth.starve for sth.have an urge to do sth.be keen to do sth./ be keen on doing sth.(2) 有關(guān) “die” 的短語(yǔ)die off相繼死亡die away消逝；靜下來(lái)die out滅絕，廢除；絕跡die down平息；變?nèi)鮠ie for one

37、's country為國(guó)家捐軀用die的適當(dāng)短語(yǔ)填空 (1) You may _ know what your new lady thinks about you and your behavior. (2) The deer in the forest are all _ from disease. (3) The noise of the car _ in the distance. (4) Those species inadaptable to changing conditions may _. (1) be dying to (2) dying off (3) died a

38、way (4) die out高手過(guò)招單項(xiàng)填空Smallpox, a kind of disease, has now died . A. out B. away C. off D. Down解析：選A。考查短語(yǔ)辨析。 die out 滅絕，消失;die away 漸息；die down 平息；die off (花、草)枯死。根據(jù)句意，選A。2. There were no windows and the doorway was just big_enough_to_get_through.沒(méi)有窗戶，門口只能勉強(qiáng)通過(guò)。句法分析(1)enough用作形容詞常見(jiàn)的搭配是：enoughn. to d

39、o sth.或者n.enough to do sth.enoughn. for sb. to do sth.(2)enough用作副詞常見(jiàn)的搭配是：adj./adv.enough(for sb.)to do sth.(3)enough用作代詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常見(jiàn)的搭配是：enough for.對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)足夠了enough to do sth.足夠去做enough of(doing)sth.太多3.The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixtur

40、e was bubbling over everywhere. 有一天,我正在給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的演示,我還沒(méi)明白怎么回事,混合劑就到處冒氣泡了。要點(diǎn)精講本句為一個(gè)復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句,when這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,由一個(gè)before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句加主句構(gòu)成。(2010陜西) John thinks it wont be long     he is ready for his new job.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since【答案與解析】C本題考查句式“it won􀆳t be long before.”,表

41、示“過(guò)不了多久就”。句意:約翰認(rèn)為不久他就能為他的新工作作好準(zhǔn)備。4. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 不過(guò),上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教師去訪問(wèn)了一個(gè)村莊,那是我學(xué)生湯貝的家。該句中的which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ),可以與that相替換。(2011四川)The school shop,      customers are mainly students, is

42、closed for the holidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where用關(guān)聯(lián)詞完成句子1.The man      I saw told me to wait.2.Can you think of anyone      could look after him?3.Look at that lady      name is Pochi.4.She is a teacher      I like ve

43、ry much.5.Those pictures      were drawn by Tom are nice.5. She was dying to see him again but what_if he didnt want to see her? 她渴望再見(jiàn)到他，但如果他不想見(jiàn)她怎么辦？what if“如果將會(huì)怎樣；即使又有什么關(guān)系”，為省略結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于What shall we/I do if.? what if 中 what可看做是 what should sb. do (某人該怎么辦)或 what does it matter (有什么要

44、緊) 或 what would happen (將會(huì)如何)的省略。What if he gets angry?倘若他生氣該怎么辦？What if they do not come?即使他們不來(lái)又有什么關(guān)系呢？拓展：(1)What for? “為什么？”相當(dāng)于 Why?Well hold a party this weekend.我們要在這個(gè)周末開(kāi)一個(gè)聚會(huì)。What for? 為什么呢？(2)So what? 那有什么了不起/有什么關(guān)系？He says he doesnt like you. 他說(shuō)他不喜歡你。So what? 那有什么關(guān)系呢？即境活用2_we moved the sofa ove

45、r there? Would that look better?AWhat about BWhat ifCWhat for DHow come6“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students，_(他們中大多數(shù))will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.7doubt后接由whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句To be honest，_(我真有點(diǎn)懷疑，是否)I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.自我診斷：most of whomI doubt whether8did動(dòng)詞原形的強(qiáng)調(diào)句 But last weekend another teacher，Jenny，and I_(確實(shí)拜訪了一個(gè)村莊)which is the home of o