把握九個(gè)一致巧解短文改錯(cuò)

1、NMET短文改錯(cuò)的解題基本思路應(yīng)該是:一. 以句為單位，找行中錯(cuò)誤，每行必有一個(gè)判斷(錯(cuò)詞、多詞、少詞和 正確)，而判斷的依據(jù)一定是上下文，最小單位是一個(gè)統(tǒng)統(tǒng)的句子。二. 以篇為單位，找句中錯(cuò)誤。許多時(shí)候，就某一行或某一句單獨(dú)而言常 常難以判斷其是否正確，錯(cuò)誤何在，而必須以全篇為一整體才可對(duì)該句，進(jìn)而 對(duì)該行作出判斷。詳盡解題過程中，應(yīng)該注意把握九個(gè)一致問題：一. 時(shí)態(tài)一致短文中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與上下文，特定語言環(huán)境及該句的時(shí)間狀語是否保 持了呼應(yīng)與一致。彳列 1. My favorite sport is football I was a member of our football team

2、. (NMEK98)全文都是大凡現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此句中was雖然與上下問不一致，應(yīng)改為 am。例 2. I remembered her words end calm down.( NMET" 2000)此處為一描述過去事件的語境，應(yīng)與前文remembered保持一致，須改為 calmedo例 3. Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. (NMET" 93)第 一個(gè)is與時(shí)間狀語today保持一致，地第二個(gè)is則應(yīng)改為was,使之與其時(shí)間狀 語 in the past 一致。二. 主謂一致謂語動(dòng)

3、詞在人稱和數(shù)上是否與主語保持一致。彳列 4. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library(NMEK2000)主語為A end B時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞大凡為復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)改為are。例 5. The new boy or girl in school quickly become one of the class after a few games.(NMEr93)主語為A or B時(shí)，應(yīng)由靠近謂語的主語來決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)， become 應(yīng)改為 becomes.例 6. Play football not only makes us grow

4、 up tall and strong. (NMET"98)此處 與例4,例5例外，謂語動(dòng)詞makes與上下文保持一致，為正確的用法，而 play須改Playing才可與此處其它部分一致。三. 平行一致not only.but also., either.or., neither.nor以及 and, but, or 等并列連詞或 詞組連接的結(jié)構(gòu)可稱為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。在平行結(jié)構(gòu)中，詞性時(shí)態(tài)等形式須保持前后 一致。例 7. Playing football not only makes. but also give us a sense of fair play and team spiri

5、t.) NMET"98)依據(jù)平行一致原則，此處give應(yīng)與前文makes保持一致， 改為gives.彳列 8. It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station end drove me to their home. (NMETZZ96)此句中的drove應(yīng)與前文to meet保持平行，故改為 drive o四. 數(shù)的一致名詞的數(shù)須與其修飾語保持一致彳列 9. We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese.(NMETZZ97) quite a few只修飾復(fù)數(shù)

6、名詞,保持一致,subject應(yīng)改為 subjects.例 10. They . asked me lots of question.(NMETz/96)與 lots of 保持一致的只能 是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)改為questions.五. 主飾一致句中的主要詞(中心詞)應(yīng)與其修飾詞間保持一致。除了例9,例10外，還有例 11. .so that l"ll get good marks in all my subject.(NMET2001)ell若修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其后名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。subject該為subjectso例 12. She said that she and my school

7、mate all wished mesuccess.(NMET2000) all修飾的主語部分應(yīng)是三者以上，故schoolmate應(yīng)為 schoolmates.例 13. Unfortunate, there are too many people.(NMET/Z99)Unfortunate應(yīng)作狀語，修飾整個(gè)句子，此時(shí)應(yīng)為副詞unfortunately才可保 持一致。例 14. I“m sure we/zll have a wonderfully time together.(NMETz/95)修飾名詞， 應(yīng)為 a wonderful time.六. 指代一致用于指代的各類代詞應(yīng)在數(shù)、格、性上

8、與上下文保持一致。例 15. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(NEMK96) The Smiths為一復(fù)數(shù)概念，故指代詞也應(yīng)為第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)their.例 16. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (NMET"97)此處應(yīng)為作主語的關(guān)系代詞which.例 17. And I can"t forget the food you cooked for I. (NMET"95)此處I應(yīng)作介詞的賓語，故改為me才可保持一致。七. 語態(tài)一致句中謂

9、語動(dòng)詞或非謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與上下文語態(tài)保持一致。例 Books may be keep for four weeks. (NEMT"94)與其主語Books相對(duì)應(yīng)，此處應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故keep應(yīng)改為kept。A.搭配一致句中的不變搭配應(yīng)保持統(tǒng)統(tǒng)并與上下文一致。例 19. I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. (NMEK2000)后跟從句，保持一致須用so.that結(jié)構(gòu)這一不變搭配。as改為that.3 / 4例 20. I look forward to hear from you soon. (NMET"97)look forwar

10、d to中to是介詞,其后應(yīng)為動(dòng)名詞hearing。例 21. But it didnz/t matter that I would win or not. (NMET"2000)與其后or not保持一致時(shí)應(yīng)用whethero例 22. I have neither brothers nor sistersin any other words, I am an only child.(NMET2001)in any other words 意為"換言之"，應(yīng)為 in other wordso九.邏輯一致這是一種隱蔽性較強(qiáng)且年年必考的錯(cuò)誤，檢查時(shí)應(yīng)通篇考慮，重點(diǎn)在連 詞、代詞，肯定與否定，及相對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞如come與go等。例 23. She was smiling but nodding at me.(NMETz/2000)上下文看，應(yīng)為Shemy English teacher微笑且點(diǎn)頭鼓勵(lì)我，but應(yīng)為 and。例 24. Now someone at home reads instead. (NMEK99)從上文可知，因?yàn)闊o電視