哈佛校長(zhǎng)畢業(yè)典禮演講

1、哈佛校長(zhǎng)畢業(yè)典禮演講不論是繪畫(huà)、生物還是金融，如果你不去嘗試做你喜歡的事，不去追求你認(rèn)為最有意義的東西，你會(huì)后悔的。人生之路很長(zhǎng)，總有時(shí)間去實(shí)施備選方案，但不要一開(kāi)始就退而求其次。找個(gè)你喜歡的工作吧，要是你在醒著的時(shí)間里超過(guò)一半都在做不喜歡的事，你很難會(huì)感到幸福!不論是繪畫(huà)、生物還是金融，如果你不去嘗試做你喜歡的事，如果你不去追求你認(rèn)為最有意義的東西，你會(huì)后悔的。人生之路很長(zhǎng)，總有時(shí)間去實(shí)施備選方案，但不要一開(kāi)始就退而求其次。找個(gè)你喜歡的工作吧，要是你在醒著的時(shí)間里超過(guò)一半都在做你不喜歡的事，你很難會(huì)感到幸福!(本文為哈佛校長(zhǎng)Drew Gilpin Faust給2019年屆本科畢業(yè)生的演講)I

2、n the curius custm f this venerable institutin, I find myself standing befre yu epected t impart wrds f lasting wisdm. Here I am in a pulpit, dressed like a Puritan minister an apparitin that wuld have hrrified many f my distinguished frebears and perhaps rededicated sme f them t the etirpatin f wit

3、ches. This mment wuld have prpelled Increase and Cttn int a true “Mather lather.” But here I am and there yu are and it is the mment f and fr Veritas.這所備受尊崇的學(xué)校歷來(lái)好學(xué)求知，所以你們期待我的演講能傳授永恒的智慧。我站在這個(gè)講壇上，穿得像個(gè)清教徒牧師這身打扮也許會(huì)把很多我的前任嚇壞，還可能會(huì)讓其中一些人重新投身于消滅女巫的事業(yè)中去，讓英克利斯和考特恩父子出現(xiàn)在如今的“泡沫派對(duì)”上。但現(xiàn)在，我在臺(tái)上，你們?cè)诘紫?，這是一個(gè)屬于真理、追求真理的時(shí)

4、刻。Yu have been undergraduates fr fur years. I have been president fr nt quite ne. Yu have knwn three presidents; I ne senir class. Where then lies the vice f eperience? Maybe yu shuld be ffering the wisdm. Perhaps ur rles culd be reversed and I culd, in Harvard Law Schl style, d cld calls fr the net

5、 hur r s.你們已經(jīng)求學(xué)四年，而我當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)還不到一年;你們認(rèn)識(shí)三任校長(zhǎng)，我只認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)年級(jí)的大四學(xué)生。所以，智慧從何談起呢?也許你們才是應(yīng)該傳授智慧的人?；蛟S我們可以互換一下角色，用哈佛法學(xué)院教授們隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名提問(wèn)的方式，讓我在接下來(lái)的一個(gè)小時(shí)里回答你們的問(wèn)題。We all d seem t have made it t this pint mre r less in ne piece. Thugh I recently learned that we have nt prvided yuwith dinner since May 22. I knw we need t wean yu frm

6、Harvard in afigurative sense. I never knew we tk it quite s literally.學(xué)校和學(xué)生們似乎都在努力讓時(shí)間來(lái)到這一時(shí)刻，而且還差不多是步調(diào)一致的。我這兩天才得知哈佛從某月某日開(kāi)始就不向你們提供伙食了。雖然有比喻說(shuō)“我們?cè)缤淼媒o你們斷奶”，但沒(méi)想到我們的后勤還真的早早就把“奶”給斷了。But lets return t that ntin f cld calls fr a mment. Lets imagine this were a baccalaureate service in the frm f QA, and yu wer

7、e asking the questins. “What is the meaning f life,President Faust? What were these fur years at Harvard fr? President Faust,yu must have learned smething since yu graduated frm cllege eactly 40 years ag?” (Frty years. Ill say it ut lud since every detail f my life and certainly the year f my Bryn M

8、 awr degree nw seems t be publicly available. But please remember I was yung fr my class.)讓我們把這個(gè)畢業(yè)典禮想象成一個(gè)問(wèn)答式環(huán)節(jié)，你們是提問(wèn)者?！案Ｋ固匦ｉL(zhǎng)，生活的意義是什么?我們?cè)诠鹂嘧x四年是為了什么?福斯特校長(zhǎng)，從你四十年前大學(xué)畢業(yè)到現(xiàn)在，你肯定學(xué)到了不少東西吧?”(四十年了。我可以大聲承認(rèn)這個(gè)時(shí)間，因?yàn)槲疑畹拿恳粋€(gè)細(xì)節(jié)當(dāng)然包括我獲得布爾茅爾學(xué)位的年份現(xiàn)在好像都能公開(kāi)查到。但請(qǐng)注意，當(dāng)時(shí)我在年級(jí)里還算歲數(shù)小的。)In a way, yu have been engaging me in this

9、 QA fr the past year. n just these questins, althugh yu have phrased them a bit mre narrwly. And I have been trying t figure ut hw I might answer and, perhaps mre intriguingly, why yu were asking.可以這么說(shuō)，在過(guò)去的一年里，你們一直在提出問(wèn)題讓我回答，只不過(guò)你們把提問(wèn)范圍限定得比較小。我也一直在思考應(yīng)該怎樣回答，還有你們提問(wèn)的動(dòng)機(jī)，這是我更感興趣的。Let me eplain. It actually

10、 began when I met with the UC just after my appintment was annunced in the winter f 2019年. Then the questins cntinued when I had lunch at Kirkland Huse, dinner at Leverett,when I met with students in my ffice hurs, even with sme recent graduates Iencuntered abrad. The first thing yu asked me abut wa

11、snt the curriculum radvisinntact r even student space. In fact, it wasnt even alchl plicy. Instead, yu repeatedly asked me: Why are s many f us ging t Wall Street? Why are we ging in such numbers frm Harvard t finance,cnsulting, i-banking?其實(shí)，從我與校委會(huì)見(jiàn)面時(shí)起，就一直被問(wèn)到這些問(wèn)題，當(dāng)時(shí)是某年冬天，我的任命才宣布不久。此后日漸頻繁，我在柯克蘭樓吃午飯，我

12、在萊弗里特樓吃晚飯，在我專(zhuān)門(mén)會(huì)見(jiàn)學(xué)生的工作時(shí)段，甚至我在國(guó)外遇見(jiàn)畢業(yè)生的時(shí)候，都會(huì)被問(wèn)到這些問(wèn)題。你們問(wèn)我的第一件事不是問(wèn)課程，不是教師輔導(dǎo)，不是教師的聯(lián)系方式，也不是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)生活的空間。實(shí)際上，甚至不是酒精限制政策。你們反復(fù)問(wèn)我的是：“為什么我們很多人都去了華爾街?為什么我們哈佛畢業(yè)生中，有那么多人進(jìn)入金融、咨詢(xún)行業(yè)和投資銀行?”There are a number f ways t think abut this questin and hw t answer it. There is the Willie Suttn apprach. Yu may knw that when he wa

13、s asked why he rbbed banks, he replied, “Because thats where the mney is.” Prfessrs Claudia Gldin and Larry Katz, whm many f yu have encuntered in yur ecnmics cncentratin, ffer a nt dissimilar answer based n their study f student career chices since the seventies. They find it ntable that, given the

14、 very high pecuniary rewards in finance, many students nnetheless still chse t d smething else. Indeed, 37 f yu have signed n with Teach fr America; ne f yu will dance tang and wrk in dance therapy in Argentina; anther will be engaged in agricultural develpment in Kenya; anther, with an hnrs degree

15、in math, will study petry; anther will train as a pilt with the USAF; anther will wrk t cmbat breast cancer.Numbers f yu will g t law schl, medical schl, and graduate schl. But,cnsistent with the pattern Gldin and Katz have dcumented, a cnsiderable number f yu are selecting finance and cnsulting. Th

16、e Crimsns survey f last years class reprted that 58 percent f men and 43 percent f wmenentering the wrkfrce made this chice. This year, even in challenging ecnmic times, the figure is 39 percent.要思考并回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，有很多方式。比如威利-薩頓式的。當(dāng)他被問(wèn)及為什么要搶銀行時(shí)，他回答：“因?yàn)槟莾河绣X(qián)?！蹦銈冎泻芏嗳硕荚诮?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課上見(jiàn)過(guò)克勞迪婭-戈?duì)柖『屠?卡茨兩位教授，根據(jù)他們從70年代以來(lái)對(duì)學(xué)生擇業(yè)的

17、研究，得出的結(jié)論大同小異。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，值得注意的是，雖然金融行業(yè)有極高的金錢(qián)回報(bào)，還是有很多學(xué)生選擇了其它工作。確實(shí)如此，你們中有某個(gè)人已經(jīng)和“為美國(guó)而教”簽約;有一個(gè)會(huì)去跳探戈，去阿根廷研究舞蹈療法;還有一個(gè)將投身于肯尼亞的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展;一個(gè)拿了數(shù)學(xué)榮譽(yù)學(xué)位的人要去研究詩(shī)歌;另一個(gè)要去美國(guó)空軍受訓(xùn)當(dāng)飛行員;還有一個(gè)要與乳癌作斗爭(zhēng)。你們中有很多人會(huì)去讀法律、醫(yī)學(xué)、或其他研究生。但是，絕大多數(shù)人選擇了金融和咨詢(xún)，這與戈?duì)柖『涂ù牡恼{(diào)查結(jié)果不謀而合?？死锬飞瓐?bào)對(duì)去年的畢業(yè)班作了調(diào)查，結(jié)果表明，參加工作的人中，%的男生和%的女生做出了上述選擇。雖然今年經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，這個(gè)數(shù)字還是達(dá)到了%。High salar

18、ies, the all but irresistible recruiting juggernaut, the reassurance fr many f yu that yu will be in New Yrk wrking and living and enjying life alngside yur friends, the prmise f interesting wrk there are lts f ways t eplain these chices. Fr sme f yu, it is a cmmitment fr nly a year r tw in any case

19、. thers believe they will best be able t d gd by first ding well. Yet, yu ask me why yu are fllwing this path.高額的薪水、幾乎難以拒絕的招聘方、能與朋友一起在紐約工作、享受生活，以及有趣的工作有很多種理由可以解釋這些選擇。你們中的一些人本來(lái)就決定過(guò)這樣子的生活，至少在一兩年之內(nèi)是這樣。另一些人則認(rèn)為先要利己才能利人。但是，你們還是問(wèn)我，為什么要走這條路。I find myself in sme ways less interested in answering yur questin

20、than in figuring ut why yu are psing it. If Prfessrs Gldin and Katz have it right; if finance is indeed the “ratinalchice,” why d yu keep raising this issue with me? Why des this seemingly ratinal chice strike a number f yu as nt understandable, as nt entirely ratinal,as in sme sense less a free chi

21、ce than a cmpulsin r necessity? Why des this seem t be trubling s many f yu?在某種程度上，我覺(jué)得自己更關(guān)心的是你們?yōu)槭裁磫?wèn)這些問(wèn)題，而不是給出答案。如果戈?duì)柖『涂ù慕淌诘慕Y(jié)論是正確的;如果金融行業(yè)的確就是“理性的選擇”，那么你們?yōu)槭裁催€是不停地問(wèn)我這個(gè)問(wèn)題呢?為什么這個(gè)看似理性的選擇，會(huì)讓你們?cè)S多人覺(jué)得難以理解、不盡合理，甚至在某種意義上是出于被迫或必須，而非自愿呢?為什么這個(gè)問(wèn)題會(huì)困擾你們這么多人呢?Yu are asking me, I think, abut the meaning f life, thugh y

22、u have psed yur questin in cde in terms f the bservable and measurable phenmenn f senir career chice rather than the abstract, unfathmable and almst embarrassing realm f metaphysics. The Meaning f Life capital M, capital L is a clicheacute; easier t deal with as the irnic title f avie r the subject

23、f a Simpsns episde than as a matter abut which ne wuld dare admit t harbring serius cncern.我認(rèn)為，你們問(wèn)我的其實(shí)是生活的意義，只不過(guò)你們提出的問(wèn)題是經(jīng)過(guò)偽裝的提問(wèn)角度是高級(jí)職業(yè)選擇中可觀察、可度量的現(xiàn)象，而不是抽象的、難以理解的、令人尷尬的形而上學(xué)范疇?！吧畹囊饬x”是個(gè)大大的問(wèn)題又是老生常談把它看成蒙提派森的某部電影的諷刺標(biāo)題或者某一集辛普森一家的主題就容易回答，但是當(dāng)作蘊(yùn)含嚴(yán)肅意義的話題就把問(wèn)題復(fù)雜化了。But lets fr a mment abandn ur Harvard savir fair

24、e, ur imperturbability, ur pretense f invulnerability, and try t find the beginnings f sme answers t yur questin.但是，暫時(shí)拋開(kāi)我們哈佛人自以為是的圓滑、沉著和無(wú)懈可擊，試著探尋一下你們問(wèn)題的答案。I think yu are wrried because yu want yur lives nt just t be cnventinally successful, but t be meaningful, and yu are nt sure hw thse tw gals fit

25、 tgether. Yu are nt sure if a generus starting salary at a prestigius brand name rganizatin tgether with the prmise ffuture wealth will feed yur sul.我認(rèn)為，你們之所以擔(dān)心，是因?yàn)槟銈儾幌胱约旱纳钪皇莻鹘y(tǒng)意義上的成功，而且還要有意義。但你們又不知道如何協(xié)調(diào)這兩個(gè)目標(biāo)。你們不知道在一家有著金字招牌的公司里干著一份起薪豐厚的工作，加上可以預(yù)見(jiàn)的未來(lái)的財(cái)富，是否能滿(mǎn)足你們的內(nèi)心。Why are yu wrried? Partly it is ur fa

26、ult.We have tld yu frm the mment yu arrived here that yu will be the leaders respnsible fr the future, that yu are the best and the brightest n whm we will all depend, that yu will change the wrld. We have burdened yu with nsmall epectatins. And yu have already dne remarkable things t fulfill them:

27、yur dedicatin t service demnstrated in yur etra curricular engagements, yur cncern abut the future f the planet epressed in yur vigrus champining f sustainability, yur reinvigratin f American plitics thrugh engagement in this years presidential cntests.你們?yōu)槭裁磽?dān)心?這多少是我們學(xué)校的錯(cuò)。從一進(jìn)校門(mén)，我們就告訴你們，你們會(huì)成為對(duì)未來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)的領(lǐng)袖，

28、你們是最優(yōu)秀、最聰明的是我們的依靠，你們會(huì)改變整個(gè)世界。我們對(duì)你們寄予厚望，反而成了你們的負(fù)擔(dān)。其實(shí)，你們已經(jīng)取得了非凡的成績(jī)：你們參與各種課外活動(dòng)，表現(xiàn)出服務(wù)精神;你們大力提倡可持續(xù)發(fā)展，透露出你們對(duì)這個(gè)星球未來(lái)的關(guān)注;你們積極參與今年的總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選，為美國(guó)政治注入了新的活力。But many f yu are nw wndering hw thesecmmitments fit with a career chice. Is it necessary t decide between remunerative wrk and meaningful wrk? If it were t be ei

29、ther/r, which wuld yu chse? Is there a way t have bth? Yu are asking me and yurselves fundamental questins abut values, abut trying t recncile ptentially cmpeting gds， abut recgnizing that it may nt be pssible t have it all. Yu are at amment f transitin that requires making chices. And selecting ne

30、ptin a jb, a career, a graduate prgram means nt selecting thers. Every decisin means lss as well as gain pssibilities fregne as well as pssibilities embraced. Yur questin t me is partly abut that abut lss f rads nt taken.而現(xiàn)在，你們中有許多人不知道如何把以上這些成績(jī)與擇業(yè)結(jié)合起來(lái)。是否一定要在有利益的工作和有意義的工作之間做出抉擇?如果必須選擇，你們會(huì)選哪個(gè)?有沒(méi)有可能兩者兼

31、得呢?你們問(wèn)我和問(wèn)自己的是一些最根本的問(wèn)題：關(guān)于價(jià)值、關(guān)于試圖調(diào)和有潛在沖突的東西、關(guān)于對(duì)魚(yú)與熊掌不可兼得的認(rèn)識(shí)。你們正處在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變的時(shí)刻，需要做出抉擇。只能選一個(gè)選項(xiàng)工作、職業(yè)、讀研都意味著要放棄其他選項(xiàng)。每一個(gè)決定都意味著有得有失一扇門(mén)打開(kāi)了，另一扇卻關(guān)上了。你們問(wèn)我的問(wèn)題差不多就是這樣關(guān)于舍棄的人生道路。Finance, Wall Street, “recruiting” have becme the symbl f this dilemma, representing a set f issues that is much brader and deeper than just ne

32、career path. These are issues that in ne way r anther will at sme pint face yu all as yu graduate frm medical schl and chse a specialty family practice r dermatlgy, as yu decide whether t use yur law degree t wrk fr a crprate firm r as a public defender, as yu decide whether t stay in teaching after

33、 yur tw years with TFA. Yu arewrried because yu want t have bth a meaningful life and a successful ne;yu knw yu were educated t make a difference nt just fr yurself, fr yur wn cmfrt and satisfactin, but fr the wrld arund yu. And nw yu have t figure ut the way t make that pssible.金融業(yè)、華爾街和“招聘”已經(jīng)變成了這個(gè)兩

34、難困境的標(biāo)志，代表著一系列問(wèn)題，其意義要遠(yuǎn)比選擇一條職業(yè)道路寬廣和深刻。某種意義上，這些是你們所有人早晚都會(huì)遇到的問(wèn)題當(dāng)你從醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)并選擇專(zhuān)業(yè)方向是選全科家庭醫(yī)生還是選皮膚科醫(yī)生;當(dāng)你獲得法學(xué)學(xué)位之后，要選擇是去一家公司工作，還是做公共辯護(hù)律師;當(dāng)你在“為美國(guó)而教”進(jìn)修兩年以后，要決定是否繼續(xù)從事教育。I think there is a secnd reasn yu are wrried related t but nt entirely distinct frm the first. Yu want t be happy. Yu have flcked t curses like “Ps

35、itive Psychlgy” Psych 1504 and “The Science f Happiness” in search f tips. But hw d we find happiness? I can ffer ne encuraging answer: get lder. Turns ut thatsurvey data shw lder peple that is, my age reprt themselves happier than d yunger nes. But perhaps yu dnt want t wait.你們擔(dān)心，是因?yàn)槟銈兗认牖畹糜幸饬x，又想活得成

36、功;你們清楚，你們所受的教育是讓你們不僅為自己，為自己的舒適和滿(mǎn)足，更要為你們身邊的世界創(chuàng)造價(jià)值。而現(xiàn)在，你們必須想出一個(gè)方法，去實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。我認(rèn)為，你們之所以擔(dān)心，還有另一個(gè)原因和第一個(gè)原因有關(guān)，但又不完全相同。那就是，你們想過(guò)得幸福。你們趨之若鶩地選修“積極心理學(xué)”心理學(xué)1504和“幸福的科學(xué)”，想找到秘訣。但我們?cè)鯓硬拍苷业叫腋Ｄ?我可以給出一個(gè)鼓舞人心的答案：長(zhǎng)大。調(diào)查表明，2021年長(zhǎng)的人比如我這個(gè)歲數(shù)的人幸福感比年輕人更強(qiáng)。不過(guò)，你們可能不愿意等待。As I have listened t yu talk abut the chices ahead f yu, I have he

37、ard yu articulate yur wrries abut the relatinship f success and happiness perhaps, mre accurately, hw t define success s that it yields and encmpasses real happiness, nt just mney and prestige. The mst remunerative chice, yu fear, may nt be the mst meaningful and the mst satisfying. But yu wnder hw

38、yu wuld ever surviveas an artist r an actr r a public servant r a high schl teacher? Hw wuld yu ever figure ut a path by which t make yur way in jurnalism? Wuld yu ever find a jb as an English prfessr after yu finished wh knws hw many years f graduate schl and dissertatin writing?我聽(tīng)過(guò)你們談?wù)撁媾R的種種選擇，所以我知

39、道你們對(duì)成功和幸福的關(guān)系感到煩惱或者更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，如何定義成功，才能使之產(chǎn)生并包含真正的幸福，而不只是金錢(qián)和名望。你們擔(dān)心經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)最多的選擇，可能不是最有意義或最令人滿(mǎn)意的。但你們想知道自己到底應(yīng)該怎樣生存，不論是作為藝術(shù)家、演員、公務(wù)員還是高中老師?你們要怎樣找到一條通向新聞業(yè)的道路?在不知道多少年之后，完成了研究生學(xué)業(yè)和論文，你們會(huì)找到英語(yǔ)教授的工作嗎?The answer is: yu wnt knw till yu try.But if yu dnt try t d what yu lve whether it is painting r bilgy r finance; if yu d

40、nt pursue what yu think will be mst meaningful, yu will regret it. Life is lng. There is always time fr Plan B. But dnt begin withit.I think f this as my parking space thery f career chice, and I have been sharing it with students fr decades. Dnt park 20 blcks frm yur destinatin because yu think yul

41、l never find a space. G where yu want t be and then circle back t where yu have t be.答案是：只有試過(guò)了才知道。但是，不論是繪畫(huà)、生物還是金融，如果你不去嘗試做你喜歡的事;如果你不去追求你認(rèn)為最有意義的東西，你會(huì)后悔的。人生之路很長(zhǎng)，總有時(shí)間去實(shí)施備選方案，但不要一開(kāi)始就退而求其次。我將其稱(chēng)為擇業(yè)停車(chē)位理論，幾十年來(lái)一直在與同學(xué)們分享。不要因?yàn)橛X(jué)得肯定沒(méi)有停車(chē)位了，就把車(chē)停在距離目的地某個(gè)街區(qū)遠(yuǎn)的地方。直接去你想去的地方，如果車(chē)位已滿(mǎn)，再繞回來(lái)。Yu may lve investment banking r f

42、inance r cnsulting. It might be just right fr yu. r, yu might be like the senir I met at lunch at Kirkland wh had just returned frm an interview n the West Cast with a prestigius cnsulting firm. “Why am I ding this?” she asked. “I hate flying, I hate htels, I wnt like this jb.” Find wrk yu lve. It i

43、s hard t be happy if yu spend mre than half yur waking hurs ding smething yu dnt.你們可能喜歡投行、金融或咨詢(xún)，它可能就是你的最佳選擇。也許你們和我在柯克蘭樓吃午飯時(shí)遇到的那個(gè)大四學(xué)生一樣，她剛從西海岸一家知名咨詢(xún)公司面試回來(lái)。她問(wèn)：“我為什么要做這行?我討厭坐飛機(jī)，我不喜歡住酒店，我不會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)工作的。”那就找個(gè)你喜歡的工作。要是你在醒著的時(shí)間里超過(guò)一半都在做你不喜歡的事情，你是很難感到幸福的。But what ist imprtant here is that yu are asking the questin

44、 nt just f me but f yurselves. Yu are chsing rads and at the same time challenging yur wn chices. Yu have a ntin f what yu want yur life t be and yu are nt sure the rad yu are taking is ging t get yu there. This is the best news. And it is als, I hpe, t sme degree, ur fault. Nticing yur life, reflecting upn it,cn