英語(yǔ)句型介紹PPT課件

1、英語(yǔ)句型介紹簡(jiǎn)單句并列句復(fù)合句主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞She came/ My head aches.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)She likes English.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)She is happy主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 雙賓動(dòng)詞雙賓動(dòng)詞 間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)She gave John a bookShe bought a book for me.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)She makes her mother angryThe teacher asked me to read the passage.There +b

2、eThere lies a book on the desk.簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型實(shí)例簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型實(shí)例簡(jiǎn)單句只有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞（即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)簡(jiǎn)單句只有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞（即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)），它是最小的句子單位。主要起下列四種構(gòu)），它是最小的句子單位。主要起下列四種作用中的一種。作用中的一種。 作一種陳述作一種陳述 提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題 發(fā)出一種命令或請(qǐng)求發(fā)出一種命令或請(qǐng)求 表示一種感嘆表示一種感嘆Examples:The boy hit the dog. Stephen apologized at once.Does the shop close at 7 tonight?Shut the do

3、or.What a slow train this is!并列句并列句常用并列連詞常用并列連詞coordinating conjunctions 平行并列連詞平行并列連詞: 轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞選擇并列連詞:but, however, while, yetfor, soor, eitheror, neither norand, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor, and thenExercise:請(qǐng)用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句請(qǐng)用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個(gè)并列句。He was ti

4、red, so he went to bed.1. He was tired. He went to bed. 2. The child hid behind his mothers skirt. He was afraid of the dog.3. He made a promise. He didnt keep it.He made a promise, but He didnt keep it. The child hid behind his mothers skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者一個(gè)以上從句所由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或者

5、一個(gè)以上從句所構(gòu)成的句子。在英語(yǔ)書面語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用廣泛。構(gòu)成的句子。在英語(yǔ)書面語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用廣泛。主句是一個(gè)完整的句子主句是一個(gè)完整的句子,它可以獨(dú)立存在。它可以獨(dú)立存在。從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子從句是一個(gè)不完整的句子,它必須和一個(gè)它必須和一個(gè)主句連用，不能獨(dú)立存在。主句連用，不能獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 = 主句主句 + 從句從句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句是在簡(jiǎn)單句的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)復(fù)合句是在簡(jiǎn)單句的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)從屬連詞將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起以上簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起而構(gòu)成。從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。主從時(shí)態(tài)基本一致所有從形容詞、名詞、副詞的作

6、用。主從時(shí)態(tài)基本一致所有從句都是陳述語(yǔ)序復(fù)合句主要包含以下類型從句：句都是陳述語(yǔ)序復(fù)合句主要包含以下類型從句： 1. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句 2. 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句3. 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句 4. 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句5. 狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句 6. 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句 英文寫作中最常使用的從句英文寫作中最常使用的從句1. 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句2. 狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句 3. 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句the people surprised That What he saidwhat he did主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)That he did

7、nt know the answerin the room.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)who were sitting in the room.who were present.whose sons were at war.who had signed the contract.復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句That is the fact.表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)what he needs.what he gave me.復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句He worked in that

8、 factorythree years ago.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where his father workedin that factorywhere I livedwhen he lived thereHis father worked there.I lived there.He lived there three years ago.指出下列各從句的類型指出下列各從句的類型vI believe that everything is going on well.vShe was reading a novel when I came in.vShe is the girl

9、who sings best in my class.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從定語(yǔ)從句句PracticePracticePractice用所給連詞連接句子。用所給連詞連接句子。He has found out. She was late. (why)He has found out why she was late.I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when)I still remember the day when I first went to York.將各組句子連接為一個(gè)含有將各組句子

10、連接為一個(gè)含有狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。的復(fù)合句。PracticePracticePracticeHe didnt come yesterday. He was ill. (原因原因)He didnt come yesterday because he was ill.Ill give the letter to him. I see him. （時(shí)間（時(shí)間）It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （結(jié)果（結(jié)果）Well go to the great wall. Its fine tomorrow. (條件條件) We should not go

11、there all the time. The place is quite pleasant.(讓步）讓步）It is such a big box that nobody can move it.Well go to the great wall if its fine tomorrow.Although the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time.Ill give the letter to him when I see him.Ill give the letter to him as soon as

12、 I see him.Ill give the letter to him the moment I see him. 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句分為：限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定定語(yǔ)從句分為：限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句子中起限定作用。沒(méi)有了限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句子中起限定作用。沒(méi)有了這個(gè)從句，整個(gè)句子就不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意這個(gè)從句，整個(gè)句子就不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意義。義。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句子中起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在句子中起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。出現(xiàn)了這個(gè)從句，會(huì)使得對(duì)整個(gè)句子的理解有出現(xiàn)了這個(gè)從句，會(huì)使得對(duì)整個(gè)句子的理解有一種更上一層樓的感覺(jué)。一種更上一層樓

13、的感覺(jué)。定語(yǔ)從句 充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的詞叫做關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的詞叫做關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。其中關(guān)系代詞有：或關(guān)系副詞。其中關(guān)系代詞有： who whom that which whose 關(guān)系副詞有：關(guān)系副詞有： when where定語(yǔ)從句 友情提醒：任何一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞都必須在它友情提醒：任何一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞都必須在它所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。在在定語(yǔ)從句中這句話特別重要定語(yǔ)從句中這句話特別重要！ 主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)：who which that 賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)：whom which that 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)：when where 定語(yǔ)：定語(yǔ)：whose （唯一一個(gè)能做定

14、語(yǔ)的引（唯一一個(gè)能做定語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞）導(dǎo)詞）音樂(lè)家的廁所音樂(lè)家的廁所你高我怕你啊你高我怕你啊!? 我舔我舔我舔我舔, 呀呀一呸呀呀一呸,真咸真咸!1. The man who is wearing a red tie is Clinton.定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞先行詞先行詞whoman2. Bush is the man that is riding a bike. 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞先行詞先行詞Ill never forget the day _ (= _ which ) I was born.This was the time _ ( = _ which ) he left f

15、or Beijing .We will put off the meeting until next week, _ we wont be busy.whenonwhenatwhenThis is the town _ (= _ which ) I spent my childhood.The table _ (= _ which ) she is sitting is a new one.I visited the house _ (=_ which) Lu Xun once lived.whereinwhereatwhereinThe reason _ she gave was not t

16、rue.The reason _ I was late is that I was late.(which/that)why (for which)定語(yǔ)從句、注意事項(xiàng)1. what不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 I want to give you what I have.(賓語(yǔ)從句）賓語(yǔ)從句）2. 先行詞被先行詞被the same 修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既可用修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既可用that, 也可用也可用as.但意義不同，前者表示但意義不同，前者表示“同一同一的的”，后者表示，后者表示“同樣的同樣的”。3. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when/where/why其含義相當(dāng)于其含義相當(dāng)于on which/in

17、which/for which等可交替使用。等可交替使用。 如：如：The day when/on which I met him first was May 1st.4.當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或整個(gè)句子是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或整個(gè)句子是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞時(shí)，一般用非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾。的名詞時(shí)，一般用非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾。 例如：例如：The sun, which gives us light, is very big. 指物時(shí)指物時(shí),用用that而不用而不用which的幾種情況的幾種情況Is there anything (that) I can do for you?All (

18、that) we need is more time.(1) 先行詞為先行詞為all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, 等不定代詞等不定代詞或先行詞被或先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, some, any, only, very等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。This is the very book (that) I was looking for.This is the first/second/last book (that) he has read.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

19、先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the most delicious food (that) Ive ever had.(4) 先行詞為人和物的組合先行詞為人和物的組合They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school.This is the house in which Luxun once lived. in thatThe Changjiang River, which is the longest river in China, runs from west to ea

20、st into the sea. (that)* 介詞后面和逗號(hào)后面不用介詞后面和逗號(hào)后面不用that 以下情況常用以下情況常用which而不用而不用thatAnyone who breaks the law is punished.Those who break the law are punished.He who breaks the law is punished.He who has not been to the Great Wall is not a true man. 在anyone, those, he作先行詞時(shí), 用”who” instead of “that”.定于從句專

21、項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練定于從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練Fill in the blank with that ,which or who 1.I have a friend _ has a good camera.2.The sweater _ he is wearing is very expensive.3.Anyone _plays with fire will get burnt.4.Those _ want to go fishing write down your names.Who/thatWhich/thatwhowho5.He spoke of the men and the things _he had

22、seen abroad 6.This is the house in _ Lu Xun used to live. 7.Thats all _I want to say . thatwhichthat8.There is nothing _can prevent him from doing it .9.This is the most interesting book _Ive ever read.10.The first place _we visited in Harbin is the Sun Island. thatthatthatFill in the blanks with “w

23、hich”,“when”,“where”:1.This is the factory _ we will visit.2.This is the place _ he was born in.3. This is the place _ he was born.4. I remember the days_ we spent.5. This is the factory _ we works.6. This is the place _ we live in .7. This is the place _ we live.8. This is the time _ he died.whichw

24、hichwherewhichwherewhichwherewhen 1.Is this the hotel _ you said we were to stay in your letter. A. where B. which C. in that D. in which 2. last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, _ the neighbours and houses _ I used to be familiar with were gone. A. only to find,which B. only to find,that

25、 C. to find,which D. Find,that AB 3. We grow all our fruit and vegetables, _ saves money, of course. A. which B. as C. that D. what 4. Last term our maths teacher set to difficult an examination problem _ none of us worked it out. A. that B. as C. so that D. whichAA 5. _ especially impressed me was

26、the way _ Jack London studied the English literature(文學(xué)). A. That, in which B. What, / C. That, which D. What, on 6. We are talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert _ we attended. A. that, at which B. that, / C. which, that D. that, into whichBB 7. There is a man _ wants to see

27、you at the school gate. A. who B. he C. which D. whom 8. Whos the comrade _ you just shook hand with? A. who B. which C. that D. with whom CA1. I still remember the days _ I worked with the farmers. I still remember the days _ I spent with the farmersA.which B. on which C. when D. what2. We were on

28、the way _ it began to rain. I dont like the way _ you speak to your parents. A. when B. that C. how D. which whenwhichwhenthat3. The teacher didnt know the reason _ she was absent yesterday.The teacher couldnt accept the reason _ she explained yesterday.A. how B. why C. that D. who4. Is this school

29、_ you ever visited? Is this the school _ you ever studied? Is this the school in _ you ever studied? A. where B. which C. that D. the onewhythatDAB5. This is _ he said at he meeting yesterday. This is all_ he said at the meeting yesterday. A. that B. which C. what D. how6. _ is reported in the newspapers, they have beaten all the other teams. _ is reported in the newspaper that they have beate