小升初形容詞副詞

1、形容詞和副詞一 形容詞1. 修飾名詞，描述其性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、特征等的詞。一般“的”的詞都是形容詞。如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的)2. 在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修飾book，在句中作定語)We are happy today. (happy快樂的，在句中作表語)Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干凈的，tidy整潔的，在句中都作賓語補(bǔ)足語) 3. 多個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)的排列順序限

2、定詞+外觀類+形狀+年齡+顏色+國籍+材料+名詞（簡記：縣官行令色國才）如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一個(gè)17歲的高個(gè)子黑皮膚美國男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圓的紅色木質(zhì)飯桌。二 副詞：1. 通常修飾動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作的程度、方式等。還可修飾形容詞、副詞，有時(shí)修飾整個(gè)句子，在句中作狀語。一般“地”的詞都是副詞。如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔細(xì)地，認(rèn)真地)2. 副詞的分類1) 時(shí)間副詞: now, today等2）頻度副詞：always,

3、usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never2) 地點(diǎn)副詞：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等3) 方式副詞：carefully, fast, well, politely等4) 程度副詞: much, little, quite等5) 疑問副詞: how, when, where, why等 三 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成副詞1. 一般在形容詞后加ly, 如：quick-quickly2. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i, 加ly, 如：happy-happily3. 以u(píng)e 結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e加ly, 如：true-truly注

4、：有些詞兼有形容詞和副詞的詞性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它們的詞性只有通過具體語境來判斷。另外，有些以ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞，而是形容詞，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。四 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)構(gòu)成1. 比較級(jí)：兩者之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí)形容詞和副詞的變化形式，如 tall-taller, well-better2. 最高級(jí)：三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較時(shí)形容詞和副詞的變化形式，如 long-longest3. 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則：規(guī)則變化（單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)）：a. 在詞尾直接加-er/est, 如：short-sho

5、rter-shortestb. 詞尾是e，只加-r/st, 如：nice-nicer-nicestc. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i 再加-er/est, 如：happy-happier-happiestd. 重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er/est,如：big-bigger-biggeste. 其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，其前加more/most, 如：more/most delicious 不規(guī)則變化：如下表（簡記為：好、壞、多、少、遠(yuǎn)）詞義原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)好good/wellbetterbest壞bad/badly/illworseworst多many/much

6、moremost少littlelessleast遠(yuǎn)farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest五形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法：1. 原級(jí)的用法：用于兩者之間對(duì)比，意思為“和相同”相當(dāng)于the same as肯定句：A+動(dòng)詞.+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as BTom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter.否定句：A+動(dòng)詞.+not as/so.+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one.2. 比較級(jí)的用法:1）A+動(dòng)詞+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+t

7、han+ BSusan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary注：形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)前還可以用much, even, still, a little，far, a lot, a bit來修飾。2）數(shù)字（倍數(shù)）+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+thanIm two years older than you.Our classroom is twice bigger than yours.3）比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)，表示“越來越”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.4）the +比較級(jí)，the +比較級(jí)，表示“越

8、, 就越” The more, the better. 越多越好。（多多益善）3. 最高級(jí)用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比較,最高級(jí)前加the，最高級(jí)前有物主代詞，序數(shù)詞和名詞所有格時(shí)，不加定冠詞，后面跟帶in或of表范圍的短語。1）one of the +最高級(jí)Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.2）比較級(jí)句型表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義 A+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)+than+any other+B(單數(shù)) 如：The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. A+動(dòng)詞

9、+比較級(jí)+than+the other+B(復(fù)數(shù)) 如：The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China. 以上兩句意思相當(dāng)于：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.隨堂演練（滿分100分）一、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)(23*1分=23分)  old_    young_    tall_    long_      short_ 

10、60; strong_    big_    small_   fat_    thin_   heavy_ light_   nice_ good_   beautiful_ _   low_   high_  slow_    fast_   late_   early_    far_  well_ 二、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：（23*1分=23分）1. M

11、y brother is two years _(old)than me. 2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his c

12、lass.8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _.9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?13._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben

13、runs _(slow).15.The child doesnt_(write) as _(fast) as the students.三、小小翻譯家：（62*0.5分=31分）1、誰比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。 _ is _than Jim？  _ are.2、誰比David更強(qiáng)壯？是Gao Shan. _  _ than David?  Gao Shan  _.3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。_ pencil is _,_or_？_is,I think.4、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？  我的弟弟的。_ apples

14、60; _  _,your _ or your _? My _  _.5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。 _ _as _as your uncle?Yes,I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。 He _ as  _ as _  _ Jim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。_ _ as _ as_ twin _? No, _ _ than him.8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。 Yang Ling _ to _   _ than Su Yang every day.9.我跳得和Mike一樣遠(yuǎn)。 I _

15、 as _ as Mike.10.Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的,他和我跑得一樣快。_ Tom _   _ than you?No,he _. He_ as_ as_.11.多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。 _ more exercise,youll _    _ soon.12.我的科學(xué)很好，但是語文不好。 I _ _ at Science.But I dont _ well in Chinese.13. 你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。_you_the kite_than Wang bing?No,I_it _than_.14.我喜歡游泳。我所

16、有的朋友都游得比我慢。 I like_.All my_   _  _than me.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。 My_  _ up _than me.16.女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。 _the girls_   _   _the boys? Yes,they _.17.她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。 She doesnt _   _  in PE. But I dont   _   _than_.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得

17、和我一樣好。_ you _football _than your classmates?No,they_as_as me.五、選詞填空（18*1分=18分）1. My sister is getting _. A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter2. They are _to us than before. A. friend B. friendly C. more friendly D. friendier3. Jack is the _ boy _o

18、ur class. A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of4. It is not _ warm _ yesterday. Put on more clothes. A. so . on B. so. in C. as .at D. as. as5. Hangzhou is one of _cities I have visited. A. beautiful B. beauitifulier C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful6. Both Andy and I

19、drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives _of all.A. slower B. the slowest C. faster D. the fastest7My sister is a _ girl.   Agood       Bwell      Cvery8一 Is it your toy taxi?一 No. _ its his  AMay be     BMay

20、60;      CMaybe9_ are you? Im _, thank you AWhat；good  BHow；fine  CWhat；fine  DHow；good10一Can you help me? _.  AYes       BExcuse me      CCertainly    DHow11The grass around my ho

21、use is Very_  A. black          Bblue           Cgreen12The sky is _. The c1oud is _ Ablue；red    Bred；brown     Cblue；white13The child is _ kind   Amuch &

22、#160;         Bvery much      Cvery14一Could I use your pen，please?  _.   ANo             BCertainly      CExcuse me15I _ go to School at 8：0

23、0 am   Avery           Bmuch           Coften16I have an _ doll.   Aold beautiful  Bbeautiful o1d  Csmall old17Mr Wang is a _ teacher.   A. tall old English   B. Eng

24、lish old tall    C. old tall English18Oranges are _  Apurple         Bblue           Corange課后練習(xí)一、按要求寫出下列單詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 1.good_ _2.thin_ _3.heavy_ _ 4.happy_ _5.long_ _6.little_ _ 7.far_ _8.care

25、ful_ _9.slow_ _10.well_ _11.low_ _12. beautiful_ _13.large_ _14.famous_ _15. delicious _ _16.interesting _ _ 17.important _ _18.cheap_ _ 19.easy _ _ 20.high_ _二、根據(jù)句意，用所給形容詞或副詞的正確形式填空1.Jim works_(hard), but his brother works_(hard) than him.2.Its much_(hot) today than yesterday.3. Mr Smith is the_(ri

26、ch) man in this office.4. This match is _(exciting) of the three.5.My mother is the _(busy) in my family.6. Beijing is one of the_(beautiful) city in China.7. This book is _(interesting) than that book.8. Which goes_(quick), the bus or the car?9. Look! His hands are_( big ) than mine.10. I think you

27、 do these things_( well ) than your classmates.11. Whose bag is_( heavy ), yours or mine?12. Does Jim run as_( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs _ ( slow ) than them.13. Im very_( thin ), but shes_( thin ) than me.14. My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).25. My brother is two years _(old) than me.三、單項(xiàng)選擇題1. Which subject do you like_, maths or English? A.good B.better C.well D.best2.This red rose is _of all flowers. A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most