unconscious課件

1、unconsciouscontentnpsychoanalysisnSigmund Freuds unconsciousnOedipus complex psychoanalysisSince the 1920s, a very widespread form of psychological literary criticism has come to be psychoanalytic criticism, whose premises and procedures were established by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). Freud had devel

2、oped the dynamic form of psychology that he called psychoanalysis as a means of analysis and therapy for neuroses, but soon expanded it to account for many developments and practices in the history of civilization, including warfare, mythology, and religion, as well as literature and the other arts.

3、 Freud considered that art and literature were produced by sublimation of unsatisfied libido(sexual).Sigmund Freuds unconsciousn He deemed that everything happened in life for a reason, even dreaming, slipping of the tongue or pen. It depended on potential reasons in our minds and we presented by wa

4、y of disguising.nSo he divided unconscious into three types: The systematicThe dynamicThe descriptiveThe descriptiveconscious preconsciousunconsciousPresent in our mind(having a conversation)Not present but retrievable in memory(the date I was born)Latent and not retrievable by any act of conscious(

5、a childhood fear which has been repressed) explanations of three levels nCnPnUsense the external enviornment and use language to reflect (we can perceive)something in mind that can be turned into c and then become things (we can remember or recall sth.)something in mind that can not be turned into c

6、 (psychological activity which under repressed by c and p )the relationship between three levelsThe dynamic nAs a series of involuntary reflexes and an ebbing and flowing of energies. Eg. The involuntary jerk of leg when the knee is struck nAn energy flow nRepression tession builds up and needs to b

7、e released, and this release is an involuntary action, in order to maintain a balance The systematicnTripartite mode of the mind Id 本我 ego 自我 super-ego 超我 The id is the only component of personality that is present from birth. This aspect of personality is entirely unconscious and includes of the in

8、stinctive and primitive behaviors. According to Freud, the id is the source of all psychic energy, making it the primary component of personality. The ego is the component of personality that is responsible for dealing with reality. According to Freud, the ego develops from the id and ensures that t

9、he impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world. The ego functions in both the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mindThe last component of personality to develop is the superego. The superego is the aspect of personality that holds all of our internalized moral

10、 standards and ideals that we acquire from both parents and society-our sense of right and wrong. The superego provides guidelines for making judgments. Ego 自我Super-ego超我不能做的Id 本我Personality人格Please id in realitycontradictionReality principle 現(xiàn)實(shí)做的Morality principle 不能做的Instinct pleasure principle 本能

11、做的Oedipus complex Oedipus complex-a boys sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival fatherAs a Freudian psychological metaphor describing sonfather psychosexual competition for possession of mother, the Oedipus complex derives from the 5th-century BC Greek myt

12、hologic character Oedipus（俄狄浦斯（俄狄浦斯), who unwittingly kills his father, Laius(拉伊娥斯）拉伊娥斯）, and marries his mother, Jocasta. As a psychiatrist, Freud proposed that the Oedipus complex is a universal, psychological phenomenon innate(先天的）先天的）to human beings, and the cause of much unconscious guilt; Freu

13、d thus described the man Oedipus .Oedipus complex In psychoanalytical theory, Oedipus complex derives from the boys unconscious rivalry with his father for the love of his motherFreud on literary criticismn Freud asserted that many of his views had been anticipated by insightful authors in Western l

14、iterature, and he himself applied psychoanalysis to brief discussions of the latent content in the manifest characters or events of literary works including Shakespeares Hamlet, Macbeth, A Midsummer Nights Dream, and King Lear.Freudian Psychoanalytical Criticism on Literaturel analyzing the literary text as a symptom of the artist, where the relationship between author and text is analogous to dreamers and their “text” (literature = “fantasy”)An approach will ultimately tell us something about the author(his meuroses, trauma