初中英語閱讀短文回答問題的解題技巧分享資料

1、 “閱讀短文回答問題閱讀短文回答問題”解題技巧解題技巧 1課標(biāo)課標(biāo)初中生要達(dá)到的五級(jí)初中生要達(dá)到的五級(jí) 閱讀目標(biāo)要求：閱讀目標(biāo)要求：l能理解段落中個(gè)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系l能讀懂相應(yīng)水平的常見體裁的讀物l能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單的閱讀策略獲取信息 2考試說明考試說明要求：要求：1. 能獲取文章的具體信息2. 能理解歸納文章的主旨要義3題型介紹題型介紹4文章文章字?jǐn)?shù)字?jǐn)?shù)一般一般疑問疑問句句選擇選擇疑問疑問句句特殊疑特殊疑問句問句事實(shí)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié)概括概括主旨主旨201324875題題無無76-7975-7879201422665題題66題題67-6965-686920158365題題無無66-69

2、65-68692016186無無無無64-6864-67685歷史回顧歷史回顧近幾年的中考題中，特殊疑問句的近幾年的中考題中，特殊疑問句的比例在增大，比例在增大，2012年達(dá)到了年達(dá)到了100%；選擇疑問句近五年中考只在選擇疑問句近五年中考只在2010年考了年考了1題；一般疑問句由原來的必考題；一般疑問句由原來的必考1題在題在2012年也宣告了它的終結(jié)。年也宣告了它的終結(jié)。6未來預(yù)測(cè)未來預(yù)測(cè)命題難度將有所上升，突出能力考查命題難度將有所上升，突出能力考查與選拔功能，這主要表現(xiàn)在命題從不同與選拔功能，這主要表現(xiàn)在命題從不同角度，不同思維方式出發(fā)，除了考查準(zhǔn)角度，不同思維方式出發(fā)，除了考查準(zhǔn)確獲得

3、信息的能力外更多的是測(cè)試綜合確獲得信息的能力外更多的是測(cè)試綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力。運(yùn)用英語的能力。71.由一般疑問句引出的判斷題由一般疑問句引出的判斷題（Yes或或No回答）回答）2.由選擇疑問句（由選擇疑問句（ A or B）來提問文章的細(xì)節(jié)。）來提問文章的細(xì)節(jié)。（選擇選擇A或者或者B來回答來回答）3.由特殊疑問詞由特殊疑問詞Who(人物人物)、Where(地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn))、 When(時(shí)間時(shí)間)、What(事件事件)、Why(原因原因)、 How(方式方式)引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句來提問文章引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句來提問文章 的細(xì)節(jié)。（的細(xì)節(jié)。（根據(jù)文章細(xì)節(jié)回答根據(jù)文章細(xì)節(jié)回答）4.用一句話概括文章大意，提問形式如

4、下：用一句話概括文章大意，提問形式如下：Whats the main idea of the passage?What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?What are the main points about . in this passage?（概括文章大意概括文章大意）8解題技巧解題技巧966Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s? It was poor. 真題鏈接真題鏈接1066. Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one?A goo

5、d choice. 模擬鏈接模擬鏈接11解題解題技巧技巧1279. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day? 真題鏈接真題鏈接To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action. 1369. What is the writers purpose of writing this passage? To give suggestions about whatto do to feel

6、 good and have fun onhot days. 模擬鏈接模擬鏈接1467. Why should they have proper weight? 真題鏈接真題鏈接Because they wont get hurt when they land ,or get blown by strong winds.1567Why did the restaurant workers have no time to learn English? 真題鏈接真題鏈接Because they often worked 17 hours a day.1678. Why did Chinese pe

7、ople have “ByeBye Throwaway Culture Week”? 真題鏈接真題鏈接Because they wanted everyone to stop throwing away plastic bags.1718. How did young Chico get money? 真題鏈接真題鏈接 By taking a little rubber1866. How do we make our mother feel close to us? 模擬鏈接模擬鏈接By respecting her point of view. 1920. When was Chico mu

8、rdered? 真題鏈接真題鏈接 On December 22，19882065. Where do they jump from? 真題鏈接真題鏈接 They jump from planes.2164. What are Smokejumpers? 真題鏈接真題鏈接 Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter. 2265. What can help us understand our mother better? 模擬鏈接模擬鏈接Remembering / Knowing our mothers age.23解題步驟解題步驟根據(jù)問題中的根

9、據(jù)問題中的 key words 在文章中定位在文章中定位 信息。信息。-穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)、快穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)、快3. 表述信息表述信息 精（煉）精（煉） 準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn) (確確) 變變?nèi)朔Q人稱時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)24閱讀回答問題第閱讀回答問題第5題的解題的解法法1.要點(diǎn)通常包括要點(diǎn)通常包括兩個(gè)兩個(gè)或或多于兩個(gè)多于兩個(gè)。2.抓住文章的抓住文章的結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)，通過語篇結(jié)構(gòu)分析文章的，通過語篇結(jié)構(gòu)分析文章的主旨大意。主旨大意。3.記住下列單詞的拼寫及中文意思：記住下列單詞的拼寫及中文意思：development (n.), history (n.) ,(dis)advantage (n.) , Importance (n.) , suggest

10、ion (n.) value (n.) information (n.), Introduction (n.), feature (n.)，responsible (adj.) , creative (adj.) successful (adj.) confident, (adj.) achieve (v.), encourage (v.)254.最后一題通常是用陳述句。記最后一題通常是用陳述句。記住這些有用的句型：住這些有用的句型：Its( about)Whatis and howTo helpand encourage26 Para4. Although most smokejumpers

11、 are men, more women are joining. Most important are your weight and height. Smokejumpers in the U.S. for example ,must be 54 to 91 kilograms, so they dont get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds. Para5. Smokejumpers must be able to live in the wilderness. in Russia ,many smokejumpers

12、know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees. Para6. They work is dangerous, the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smokejumpers isnt just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejum

13、pers Alexi Tishin says,“This is the best job for the strong and brave.” 真題鏈接真題鏈接68. Whats needed to be a smokejumpers? 此題答案應(yīng)在此題答案應(yīng)在4、5、6段中找，劃線部分為答題段中找，劃線部分為答題依據(jù)。表述時(shí)要把它們歸納成一句。依據(jù)。表述時(shí)要把它們歸納成一句。To be a smokejumper,one needs to have proper height and weight, be able to live in the wilderness and love his

14、/her job.27 We need to be responsible for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(節(jié)儉的消費(fèi)者節(jié)儉的消費(fèi)者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean? Use It Up You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of soap. . We

15、ar It Out You do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers anymore. Then you can get a new one. 真題鏈接真題鏈接68. What does the writer want to tell us?此題語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是解題關(guān)鍵，文中有小標(biāo)題此題語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是解題關(guān)鍵，文中有小標(biāo)題,文章為總文章為總-分分結(jié)構(gòu)?？偨Y(jié)構(gòu)?？?分結(jié)構(gòu)的主旨大意應(yīng)該在分結(jié)構(gòu)的主旨大意應(yīng)該在“總總”-也就是第也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就開門見山說明要對(duì)環(huán)境負(fù)一段中找。作者在第一段就開門見山說明要對(duì)環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)

16、，下面每一個(gè)小標(biāo)題都在說責(zé)，下面每一個(gè)小標(biāo)題都在說what exactly a frugal consumer means，也就是，也就是how to be a frugal consumer。Why and how to be a responsible consumer. 28 模擬鏈接模擬鏈接68. What does the writer want to tell us?此題語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是解題關(guān)鍵，文中有小標(biāo)題此題語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是解題關(guān)鍵，文中有小標(biāo)題,文章為文章為總總-分結(jié)構(gòu)?？偡纸Y(jié)構(gòu)?？?分結(jié)構(gòu)的主旨大意應(yīng)該在分結(jié)構(gòu)的主旨大意應(yīng)該在“總總”-也也就是第一段中找。就是第一段中找。the roa

17、d rules是關(guān)鍵詞，下面是關(guān)鍵詞，下面的小標(biāo)題都是在說的小標(biāo)題都是在說road rules,最后的小標(biāo)題在說最后的小標(biāo)題在說more information，也需要總結(jié)。，也需要總結(jié)。Some road rules and the ways to get more information on road safety in New Zealand. 29 真題鏈接真題鏈接69.What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage?歸納第一段大意為歸納第一段大意為Where it is，其余段落作者，其余段落作者是按照時(shí)間順序?qū)懙目?/p>

18、總結(jié)為是按照時(shí)間順序?qū)懙目煽偨Y(jié)為how it has developed。Where it is and how it has developed. Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of LondonIt is just between Leicester Square and Shaftsbury AvenueGerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the areaThere is a large Chinese commu

19、nity（社區(qū)）（社區(qū)）with a lot of Chinese restaurants, Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything was very cheap.In the 1970s and 1980s, British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought .Now everyone knows about Londons ChinatownDuri

20、ng the Chinese New Year, .30 模擬鏈接模擬鏈接69.What are the main points about the Twins Day Festival in this passage? 歸納第一段大意為歸納第一段大意為What the Twins Day Festival is，其余段落作者是按照時(shí)間順序?qū)懙?，其余段落作者是按照時(shí)間順序?qū)懙目煽偨Y(jié)為可總結(jié)為how it has developed。What the Twins Day Festival is and how it has developed. 31 真題鏈接真題鏈接79. What are t

21、he purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?To help more people realize the importanceof protecting the earth and encouragepeople to take action. 32 真題鏈接真題鏈接 One cool April 22 morning, people started the day as usual. Yet it was not a normal day. Whats so special about April 22? The answer is simple. I

22、t is Earth Day. People all over the world celebrate this important day. The idea of having a special day to celebrate Earth began in the 1960s. Life was very different then. Few people talked or even thought about the environment. Most people had no idea how dirty our air and water were. On April 22

23、, 1970, twenty million (百萬百萬) Americans joined the first Earth Day activities. They showed that people really did want to do something about the environment. Since then laws have been passed to protect the air, water, land, and animals. The vehicles such as cars and buses you ride in must pass tests

24、 to make sure they dont cause too much pollution. Thanks to this law, cars today release (排放排放) about half as many bad chemicals as cars did back in 1970. As a result, the air we breathe is cleaner than it once was. Rivers and lakes are also cleaner today than they were in the 1970s. Its a good thing because they needed a lot of help. The Cuyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire! Today, the river is cleaner. It no longer burns. Its healthy enough for birds, fish, an