特殊句式 2014

1、專題八 特殊句式特殊句型 主要涉及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、反意疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、There be句型、倒裝句及省略句。 高考概況高考概況(1) 題目相對(duì)簡單，單考生的得分率比較低(2) 從考查內(nèi)容看，倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句考查較多(3) 在單項(xiàng)選擇、語法填空、完形填空中可以見到對(duì)特殊句式的考查. 高考策略高考策略(1) 加強(qiáng)固定句型和固定用法記憶(2) 加強(qiáng)貼近高考的典型題訓(xùn)練.Sports Meeting ReportIf you were the announcer, decide which report to take, why?The mens 110 hurdles come now. T

2、he athletes rush out.They jump up.John runs so fast that he breaks the school record.We shall never forget the exciting moment.Now come the mens 110 hurdles.Out rush the athletes.Up they jump.So fast does John run that he breaks the school record.Never shall we forget the exciting moment.Report OneR

3、eport two倒裝句 英語句子的自然順序是主語在前英語句子的自然順序是主語在前,謂語在后謂語在后（主語（主語+謂語）。把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前謂語）。把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前（謂語（謂語+主語）主語）,就叫就叫倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果全部謂。如果全部謂語放在主語之前語放在主語之前, 叫叫全部倒裝全部倒裝; 如果只把助動(dòng)如果只把助動(dòng)詞或詞或be 動(dòng)詞放在主語之前就叫動(dòng)詞放在主語之前就叫部分倒裝。部分倒裝。inversions基本語序基本語序（natural order）：）：主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語 （subject + predicate+ object）I love English.謂語謂

4、語+主語主語完全倒裝完全倒裝 (full inversion)Here came the headmaster.助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語主語 + 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞部分倒裝部分倒裝 (partial inversion)Nerve will I forgive you. There lived a girl called A Qiao long ago. _ 2. Here comes your husband. _ 3. Out rushed the children. _ 4. In the front of the classroom sits a professor. _ 5. S

5、itting in the front are the leaders of the school. _Read, change the order and discover the ruleA girl called A Qiao lived there long ago.Your husband comes here.The children rushed out.A professor sits in front of the classroom.The leaders of the school are sitting in the front.1、完全倒裝、完全倒裝1. There

6、be1. There be結(jié)構(gòu)。另外結(jié)構(gòu)。另外, ,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替來代替bebe動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有: :exist, seem, exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, standhappen, appear, live, rise, stand等。等。如如: :There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.鞏固練習(xí):1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A.

7、There stand; at B. There stands; underC. Stands there; underD. There stands; at2 (1).在以在以here、there、now、then等副詞開等副詞開頭的句子里。頭的句子里。 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主語 結(jié)構(gòu)。 Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.

8、如果主語是人稱代詞如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝就不用倒裝。如:Here you are.There she comes.(2). 表示方向的副詞表示方向的副詞out, in, up, down等置于等置于句首句首,要用全部倒裝。要用全部倒裝。如果主語是人稱代詞如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。就不用倒裝。如如:In came Mr. White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.2) There _. And here _. A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is

9、 she C. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she 3) Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed he C. he rushedD. he did rush4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the robber B. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped

10、the robber D. Down the robber jumped(3).當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組(如如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等等)在句首時(shí)。 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree

11、was lying a wounded soldier. 5) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old3.做表語的形容詞，分詞或介詞短語位于句首做表語的形容詞，分詞或介詞短語位于句首時(shí)。時(shí)。如如:Present at the meeting were some important figures.Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.6

12、) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits. A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein C. Einstein was soD. So was Einstein7) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going二、部分倒裝二、部分倒裝 部分倒裝是把be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之前加助動(dòng)詞do / does

13、/ did等,而把原來的謂語動(dòng)詞變成原形放在主語之后。 1. 1. 句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。這類詞或短語主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（幾乎不，簡直沒有）（幾乎不，簡直沒有）, no sooner（立即）（立即）, not only, in no way（決不）（決不）, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:Not a word did I say to him.Never ha

14、ve I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.鞏固練習(xí):1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at B. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that

15、before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seenC. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do2. only + 狀語短語或狀語從句狀語短語或狀語從句放在句首放在句首,要部分倒裝。要部分倒裝。如如: Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介詞短語)Only t

16、hen did I realize the importance of math. (副詞)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (從句) 4) Only in this way _ make progress in your English. A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to 5) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A.

17、 he could B. he was able to C. was he able toD. was able to he3. so或或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。要部分倒裝。如如: I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.6) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did so C. Charli

18、e does soD. did Charlie so7) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could4. Not only + 分句分句,but also + 分句分句句型中的句型中的前前一分句要部分倒裝一分句要部分倒裝。如如: Not only does John love Chinese, he is also go

19、od at speaking it. 但但not only.but also.連接主語時(shí)連接主語時(shí),不倒裝。不倒裝。如如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.8) _ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong. A. Not was only he B. Not only he C. Not only was he D. Not only was5. Not until放在句首放在句首,從句不倒裝從句不倒裝,主句倒裝主句倒裝。如如: Not until last week did the

20、y find the lost bike. (簡單句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句)9) Not until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is. A. man didB. manC. didnt manD. did man10) Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I

21、B. did I C. I didntD. I6. 在以在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞等方式或頻度副詞(短語短語)開頭的句子中開頭的句子中,要用部要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.12) Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy7.用于某

22、些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China! 巧記倒裝句巧記倒裝句在帶有倒裝句的復(fù)合句（或并列句）在帶有倒裝句的復(fù)合句（或并列句）中中，到底應(yīng)在何處倒裝，下面的順口，到底應(yīng)在何處倒裝，下面的順口溜可以幫助你較容易地掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)形溜可以幫助你較容易地掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)形式。式。 NBNB前倒后不前倒后不， O O，NUNU主倒從不倒主倒從不倒， 2N2N前倒后也倒前倒后也倒， NM NM前后均不倒前后均不倒。 NB代表代表Not only，but also引導(dǎo)的并列句。引導(dǎo)的并列句。 not only位于句首位于句首

23、時(shí)，所引導(dǎo)的前面的分句倒裝，后時(shí)，所引導(dǎo)的前面的分句倒裝，后面的分句不倒裝。故此稱為面的分句不倒裝。故此稱為“前倒前倒后不倒后不倒”。如：。如： 1）Not only did he come，but also he was very happy 2）Not only was everything that he had taken away from him ，but also his German citizenship（was taken away）O O代表代表onlyonly狀語從句；狀語從句；NUNU代表代表Not untilNot until狀語從句。此兩種結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時(shí)，倒裝主句

24、狀語從句。此兩種結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時(shí)，倒裝主句而不倒裝從句，即：而不倒裝從句，即：“主倒從不倒主倒從不倒”。如：。如：1 1）Only when he told me did I know itOnly when he told me did I know it2 2）Not until I began to work did I Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wastedrealize how much time I had wastedNo soonerthanNo soonerthan，HardlyHar

25、dlyScarcelywhenScarcelywhen等句型也屬此類用法。如：等句型也屬此類用法。如：No soonerNo sooner（HardlyHardly） had we reached home had we reached home thanthan（whenwhen）it began to rainit began to rain2N2N代表代表NeithernorNeithernor所引導(dǎo)所引導(dǎo)的并列句。的并列句。2N2N若位于兩分句之首，若位于兩分句之首，則前后分句均倒裝。即則前后分句均倒裝。即“前倒后前倒后也倒也倒”。如：。如：Neither do I know her

26、nameNeither do I know her name，nor does he.nor does he.NM即即No matter引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。此時(shí)前面從句及后面主句均不倒裝。此時(shí)前面從句及后面主句均不倒裝。即即“前后均不倒前后均不倒”。如：。如：No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us 強(qiáng)調(diào)句主要有以下四大考點(diǎn)： （1）考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu) （2）考查含有“notuntil”句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式 （3）考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的疑問句 （4）考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的正確判斷It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that

27、(who)+ 句句子其他部分子其他部分。此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語、主語、賓語賓語、表語和狀語。表語和狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷 把“It, be，that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子結(jié)構(gòu) 仍然完整（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分要還原到原位置），那么 這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句；如果句子不完整，則不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 如： （1）It is he who / that often helps me with my English. It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year. It was because of bad weather tha

28、t the football match had to be put off.(Shanghai 2003, spring) 分析：去掉It is / was. that / who 句子后結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整，句意仍明確，都是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 It was 9 oclock when we came back 我們回來時(shí)是九點(diǎn)鐘。我們回來時(shí)是九點(diǎn)鐘。 It was 3 hours since we had come back 我們回來已三個(gè)小時(shí)了。我們回來已三個(gè)小時(shí)了。分析：分析： 在上面例句中若去掉在上面例句中若去掉It was. when / before / since等后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整，所以不是

29、強(qiáng)調(diào)句。等后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整，所以不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 It was at the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered. It was the theatre _ Lincoln was murdered. A. which B. that C. whereD. the oneCBIs it _ who wants to see you?A. him B. he C. his D. himselfIt was _ who respected all their teachers.A. them B. their C. they D. themselvesCB強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是人

30、稱代詞，應(yīng)根據(jù)句子強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是人稱代詞，應(yīng)根據(jù)句子需要選擇它的主格或賓格形式需要選擇它的主格或賓格形式 It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago .A. was B. are C. were D. had beenAIt _ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag.A. must have B. will be C. might have been D. may have hadC 注意謂語動(dòng)詞形式與整個(gè)句子語境的一致性注意謂語動(dòng)詞形式與整個(gè)句子語境的一致性

31、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的bebe動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合It may be + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that.It must have been + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that.Could it be + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that.It might have been John _bought a new book for Mary yesterday. A. what B. since C. that D. thenIt may be next week _she leaves for Tokyo. CC被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語要和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語要和thatthat后面的

32、謂語動(dòng)詞后面的謂語動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上保持一致。在數(shù)上保持一致。 （1）It is Mary who often_( help) me with my English. （2）It is I that _(be)against you. （3）It is the boy students of Class Two who _(be)playing football on the playground. （4）It is Mr. Green ,together with his wife and children ,that _in China now.A areB isC wasD werehelpsa

33、mareBWho was it _ wanted to see me just now ? A. that B. who C. when D. whenA_ you met the foreigner from Canada ?A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was thatC強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問代詞或疑問副詞時(shí)，該強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問代詞或疑問副詞時(shí)，該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問句句型相句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問句句型相 同，即：同，即：“疑問詞疑問詞 + + 一般疑問句一般疑問句” Eg: Wher

34、e did you see her cellphone yesterday ? Where was it that you saw her cellphone yesterday?（強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞where） 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+ is / was + it + that +句子的其他句子的其他部分（陳述語序）。部分（陳述語序）。How will you go to visit her tomorrow? How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow? （強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊（強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞疑問詞how） (22) I really do

35、nt know _I had my money stolen.A where is it that B when it is that C where it was that D it was where thatC_ is it _has made Peter _he is today?A. What; that; that B. That; that; whatC. What; what; that D. What; that; what簡析簡析：本題結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，乍看難以理清，請(qǐng)看下面兩句：本題結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，乍看難以理清，請(qǐng)看下面兩句：It is determination that has m

36、ade Peter what he is today.對(duì)劃線部分提問對(duì)劃線部分提問What is it that has made Peter what he is today? 結(jié)合特殊疑問詞構(gòu)成特殊疑問句形式結(jié)合特殊疑問詞構(gòu)成特殊疑問句形式。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和（強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和（not）until句型的結(jié)合。句型的結(jié)合。句式特征為句式特征為:It is/ was until +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that +延續(xù)動(dòng)詞延續(xù)動(dòng)詞It is/ was not until+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+短暫動(dòng)短暫動(dòng)詞詞如：用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)I didnt leave until it got dark.中的劃線

37、部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，則變成：It was not until he came back that I knew the result. 簡析簡析：注意此種情況下否定詞：注意此種情況下否定詞not要從原題要從原題的主句上轉(zhuǎn)移到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的從句上，這也是否的主句上轉(zhuǎn)移到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的從句上，這也是否定轉(zhuǎn)移的一種形式。定轉(zhuǎn)移的一種形式。 It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A. which B. when C. that D. sinceC It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _I reali

38、zed she was a famous film star. A. when ; that B. until ; that C. until ; when D. when ; thenB注意注意 not . until 句型的變化。比較下列句型的變化。比較下列三個(gè)句子：三個(gè)句子：She didnt remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with th

39、e doctor.Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died ?A. that B. in which C. in where D. whichAIt was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class .A. that B. which C. where D. whyC強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語時(shí)，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分

40、為介詞短語時(shí)，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與定語從句的區(qū)別應(yīng)注意與定語從句的區(qū)別 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有名詞性從句強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有名詞性從句Ive already forgotten_you put the dictionary. A. that it was thereB. where was it thatC. that where it wasD. where it was thatD強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有同位語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有同位語從句It was at the very beginning _Mr. Fox made the decision_we should send more firefighters t

41、here. A. when, which B. where , whatC. then, so D. that, thatD強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有定語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有定語從句It was in the small house _was built with stones by his father _he spent his childhood. A. which, that B. that, whereC. which , which D. that, whichACould it be in the restaurant in _ you had dinner with me yesterday _

42、 you lost your handbag?A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where需要注意的地方：需要注意的地方：（1）如果原句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r(shí)）如果原句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r(shí)的各種時(shí)態(tài)，就用的各種時(shí)態(tài)，就用“ it is”,如果原句中的謂如果原句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)的各種時(shí)態(tài)，則用語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)的各種時(shí)態(tài)，則用“it was”（2）不論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，一）不論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，一律用律用“it is/was +who(that).1It is not help but obs

43、tacles that make a man. 簡析簡析：本句譯為：本句譯為“使人成才的，不是助力，而使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力是阻力”。注意。注意obstacles和和make形成主謂一致形成主謂一致關(guān)系。關(guān)系。2Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, _ to blame. A. is B. that is C. are D. who are 簡析簡析：此句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分中的：此句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分中的the sales manager，通過，通過rather than與與the sales

44、girls形形成比較結(jié)構(gòu)，再考慮到主謂一致的原則，成比較結(jié)構(gòu)，再考慮到主謂一致的原則，應(yīng)選應(yīng)選B。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問句形式強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問句形式 句式特征為：句式特征為：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that，isnt / wasnt it？ 11It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, _? A. do they B. didnt they C. wasnt it D. was it 簡析簡析：答案答案C. 此種情況下疑問句中的主語應(yīng)與此種情況下疑問句中的主語應(yīng)與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主語強(qiáng)

45、調(diào)句型中的主語it保持一致，不能和被強(qiáng)調(diào)部保持一致，不能和被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分中的名詞或代詞保持一致，并要遵守分中的名詞或代詞保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定前肯定后否定后否定”的原則。的原則。 省略省略 為了使講話和行文簡潔，句中某些成為了使講話和行文簡潔，句中某些成分有時(shí)可省略。省略可分以下幾種情況：分有時(shí)可省略。省略可分以下幾種情況：1.1.前面出現(xiàn)過的動(dòng)詞在下文再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)可前面出現(xiàn)過的動(dòng)詞在下文再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)可以單純使用不定式符號(hào)以單純使用不定式符號(hào)totoHe didnt come though he promised to (come). I asked him to see the film，but

46、 he didnt want to . 注意：如果該謂語是注意：如果該謂語是be動(dòng)詞或完成時(shí)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在則須在to之后加上之后加上be或或have。e.g. - Are you an engineer? - No, but I want to be. - He hasnt finished the task yet. - Well, he ought to have.- Have you cleaned the class room?-No, but_.A. I am B. I am just going C. I am going D. I am just going to I

47、n my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than_A. it used to B. it is used to C. it was used to D. It used to beDD（二）并列句中的省略（二）并列句中的省略 兩個(gè)并列分句中，后一個(gè)分句常省略與前兩個(gè)并列分句中，后一個(gè)分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。一分句中相同的部分。e.g. My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. I study at college and my sister (

48、studies) at high school. They dont agree with you, neither do I. She was poor but (she was) honest. 狀語從句中的省略狀語從句中的省略(1)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí)當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí),可以省略狀語可以省略狀語從句中的主語和系動(dòng)詞從句中的主語和系動(dòng)詞be, 這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu):Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.He looks as if ( he was)

49、 an official.Work hard when (you are) young ,or youll regret. 當(dāng)從句主語是當(dāng)從句主語是 It,謂語動(dòng)詞有含有系動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞有含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí)時(shí),可以可以把把 it系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞（一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞（ if ， unless, when， where, whenever）+possible/necessary的結(jié)構(gòu)。的結(jié)構(gòu)。 Unless（it is ）necessary，youd better not refer to the dictionary. Fill in the blanks with art

50、icles where (it is) necessary.If possible, bring me a pair of gloves. 賓語從句中的省略賓語從句中的省略 在在Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess ,suppose，expect等作答等作答句，后面常用省略形式。句，后面常用省略形式。 肯定用肯定用so 否定用否定用not - Do you think it will rain? - I guess so. 當(dāng)不定式作表語時(shí)，如果前面主語中出現(xiàn)實(shí)義當(dāng)不定式作表語時(shí)，如果前面主語中出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞do及各種形式，則不定式可省

51、略。及各種形式，則不定式可省略。What he wants to do is (to) go home.介詞介詞but/except/besides前面有動(dòng)詞前面有動(dòng)詞do，后面，后面的不定式省的不定式省to。 He can do nothing but lie down and sleep.他無事可做只好躺下睡覺。他無事可做只好躺下睡覺。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的省略的省略 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, demand, require, request, ask. Its necessary/important/imp

52、ossible/strange / natural/a pity/vital虛擬語氣 省略IF 當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語動(dòng)詞含有當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語動(dòng)詞含有were,should,had時(shí)，時(shí)，if可可以省略，這時(shí)條件從句要用以省略，這時(shí)條件從句要用倒裝倒裝語序，即把語序，即把were,should,had等詞置于句首等詞置于句首 eg： Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. Were she here, she would agree with us. Had he learnt about computers, we would

53、 have hired him to work here.注意： 如果條件從句的謂語為否定式，其中的否定詞not應(yīng)置于主語之后，而不能與were, should, had等縮略成werent, shouldnt, hadnt 而置于句首 If I hadnt warned you, you could have been killed. Hadnt I warned you, you could have been killed. (錯(cuò)誤) Had I not warned you, you could have been killed. (正確）高考鏈接（2014大綱卷）26. _ the

54、nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. A. Not do only B. Do not only C. Only not do D. Not only do 【考點(diǎn)】考察部分倒裝【答案】D （2014福建卷）28. The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, , reaching 30C in summer. A. if not B. if ever C. if any D. if so 【考點(diǎn)】考察省略句 【答案】B （2014湖南卷

55、）21.Children，when _ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. A. to be accompaniedB. to accompany C. accompanying D. accompanied 【考點(diǎn)】考察狀語從句和省略 【答案】D（2014湖南卷）29. Only when you can find peace in your heart _good relationships with others. A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did

56、you keep 【考點(diǎn)】考察倒裝句 【答案】A （2014湖南卷）33. Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do_ makes life happy. A. that B. whichC. what D. who【考點(diǎn)】考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 【答案】A （2014陜西卷）17. No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has【考點(diǎn)】考察倒裝句 【答案】A （2014四川卷）3. Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry? A. why B. who C. where D. that 【考點(diǎn)】考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句 【答案】D（2014福建卷）32. no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to g