跨文化交際(胡超版)判斷題

1、T 1 As a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years. However, as a discipline, its history is only about fifty years. 作為一種現(xiàn)象，跨文化傳播已經(jīng)存在了數(shù)千年。然而，作為一門學(xué)科，它的歷史只有大約五十年。F 2 Intercultural Communication as a discipline first started in Europe. 跨文化交際是歐洲第一門學(xué)科F 3 Culture is a stat

2、ic entity 靜態(tài)的 實體 while communication is a dynamic process. 文化是一個靜態(tài)的實體 而溝通是一個動態(tài)的過程 T 4 Culture can be seen as shared knowledge ,what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given 約定的 特定的 culture. 文化可以被看作是一種共享的知識，人們需要知道的是在一個特定的文化中扮演適當(dāng)?shù)男袨門 5 Although cultural stereotype has its limitatio

3、ns (over-generalization),it still contributes to a persons cultural cognition.認(rèn)識、認(rèn)知文化刻板印象雖有其局限性，但仍有助于人的文化認(rèn)知。T 6 In intercultural communication, we should separate ones individual character from cultural generalization. 在跨文化交際中，我們要把自己的個性和文化的泛化分開。 T 7 Cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic

4、 mistakes. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. 文化錯誤比語言錯誤更嚴(yán)重。語言錯誤意味著有人不能充分表達(dá)自己的想法，而文化上的錯誤會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的誤解，甚至個人之間的不適感F 8 All people of the same nationality will

5、have the same culture. 所有同一民族的人都會有相同的文化T 9 Although two cultures may share the same ideas, their meaning and significance may not be the same. 雖然兩國文化有著相同的想法，但它們的意義和意義可能不一樣F 10 Ones actions are totally independent of his or her culture. 個人的行為完全獨立于他或她的文化II Comprehension CheckT 1、All cultures require a

6、nd value politeness, but the ways in which politeness is achieved may vary significantly. 所有的文化都需要和價值的禮貌，但禮貌的方式可能會有所不同T_2、Dont take offence-getting the form of address ”wrong” is rarely intended to be offensive. 不要拿“錯誤”的形式來攻擊，這是很難得的進(jìn)攻 T_3、Addressing forms like “Miss Mary”, ”Brown” by the Chinese may

7、 be a form of cultural compromise. 解決形式如“瑪麗小姐”，“棕色”由中國可能是一種文化妥協(xié)的形式。T_4.Ranks in the armed forces like Captain, Colonel can be used as titles. 上校，上校，上校，可以用作頭銜F_5.Westerners can understand what Uncle policeman or P.L.A. Uncle means. 西方人能夠理解警察叔叔和解放軍叔叔的手段。F_6.We can address Jason Douglas, who is a lawye

8、r, as Lawyer Douglas. 我們可以解決杰森道格拉斯，他是個律師，律師道格拉斯。F_7.Chinese hospitality toward the westerners is always greatly appreciated. 中國人對西方人的熱情好客是非常贊賞的。F_8.The Chinese way of showing concern is usually appreciated by the Westerners. 西方人對中國人的關(guān)注往往受到西方人的贊賞。 F_9.”Thank you for coming!” is a typical expression u

9、sed by Western hosts when the guests just arrived. 謝謝你的到來！“當(dāng)客人剛到的時候，這是西方主人使用的一種典型的表達(dá)形式。T_10.”Im sorry to have wasted your time” or “Im sorry to have taken up so much of your time” are usually appropriate for the business visit. 我很抱歉浪費(fèi)了你的時間”或者“我很抱歉占用了你這么多時間”，通常都是適合商務(wù)拜訪的。 III Comprehension CheckT 1.so

10、metimes the Chinese way of showing modesty may be considered as fishing for compliments. 有時，中國人表現(xiàn)出謙虛的方式可以被視為對贊美的贊美T2.The social functions of Chinese and English compliments are roughly the same. 漢語和英語的社會功能大致相同。T 3.In informal situations, a large number of compliments are used to make people feel com

11、fortable. 在非正式場合，大量的贊美是讓人感到舒服的F 4.The cultural assumption of compliments is the same between cultures. 文化的假設(shè)是文化的相同的。T 5.Adjectives and verbs are often used to convey compliment message in English, while adjectives, adverbs and verbs are often used in Chinese. 形容詞和動詞常被用來傳遞英語中的恭維話，而形容詞、副詞和動詞常被用在漢語里。F

12、6. English compliments often begin with the word “you” while Chinese compliments often start with the word “I”. 英語的贊美常以“你”一詞開頭，而中國人的贊美常以“我”一詞開頭F 7. Chinese people give more compliments in daily life than Americans. 在日常生活中，中國人比美國人更為贊美。F8. Americans tends to be self-effacing in their compliments respo

13、nses. 美國人往往自謙在稱贊別人的反應(yīng)。 F 9. Compliments on others belongings are sometimes an indirect way of request in American culture. 對他人財物的贊美有時是美國文化中的一種間接的方式T 10. If a guest compliments something in another persons home, the Chinese host or hostess will probably give that thing to the guest. 如果一個客人在別人家里贊美別人的話

14、，中國主人或女主人很可能會把這件事告訴客人。 IV Comprehension CheckF 1Verbal communication is more important than nonverbal communication. 言語交際比非語言交際更為重要F 2 “Dragon” means the same to the Westerner as “龍” to the Chinese. “龍”是指同為西方人的“龍”到中國。 F 3The Chinese phrase “知識分子” has the same meaning as “intellectual”. 中國“知識分子”具有相同的

15、含義是“知識 T 4A term in one language may not have a counterpart in another language. 在一種語言中的一個術(shù)語在另一種語言中可能沒有對等詞 F 5 In referring to animals and birds, the Chinese practice is generally, but not always ,to use “公” or “母” to show whether a creature is male or female. This is the same with the English langu

16、age. 在談到動物和鳥類，中國的做法是通常，但不總是，用“公”或“母”來表明該生物是否是男性或女性。這與英語是一樣的。T 6 The following six English word: “vice”, “associate”, “assistant”, “deputy”, “l(fā)ieutenant” and “under” can all mean “副” in Chinese language. 以下六個英文單詞：“副”、“聯(lián)想”、“助理”、“副”、“中尉”和“下”都是“副”在漢語中F 7 There are as many similarities as dissimilarities

17、 between English proverbs and Chinese proverbs. 有許多相似之處，英語諺語和漢語諺語的異同。T 8 Violating a cultural taboo is as serious as violating a verbal taboo, 違反文化禁忌的是嚴(yán)重違背了言語禁忌T 9 Patterns of thought varies with culture. 思維方式隨文化而變化。 T10 Particular thought patterns predominate in each culture, e.g. American culture

18、is predominantly factual-inductive, Russian culture is predominantly axiomatic-deductive, and Arab cultures are predominately intuitive-affective. 在每一個特定的思維模式主導(dǎo)文化的T10，例如美國文化主要是事實的歸納，俄羅斯文化主要是公理化演繹，和阿拉伯文化以直觀的情感。V Comprehension CheckT1 Speaking is just one mode of communication. There are many others.

19、說只是一種交流方式。還有許多人 F2 Some researchers assert that in face-to-face communication, about 70%of information is communicated through speaking, and over 30% sis sent by nonverbal means. 一些研究者斷言，在面對面的交流中，約有70%的信息是通過說話，而超過30%則是通過非語言方式發(fā)送的T3 Environment is one of the five study areas that nonverbal communicati

20、on covers. 環(huán)境是非語言交際的五個研究領(lǐng)域之一T4 Much of our nonverbal behavior, like culture, tends to elusive, spontaneous and frequently goes beyond our awareness. 我們大部分的非語言行為，如文化，往往難以實現(xiàn)，自發(fā)的，往往超越我們的認(rèn)識 F 5 Latin American, African, Arab and most Asian cultures are M-Time cultures. 拉丁美洲，非洲，阿拉伯和大多數(shù)亞洲文化是單一的文化。T6 Arab b

21、elongs to tough cultures. 阿拉伯屬于艱難的文化 T7 In some cultures, eye contact should be avoided in order to show respect or obedience. 在一些文化中，為了表示尊重或服從，應(yīng)該避免使用目光接觸T8 the appropriateness of physical contact varies with different cultures. 身體接觸的適宜性因不同的文化而不同F(xiàn)9 Western women usually like Chinese to touch their b

22、odies or small children. 西方婦女通常喜歡中國人接觸他們的身體或小孩。 F10 Seating arrangements reflect culture. Chinese people tend to talk with those opposite them rather than those seated or standing beside them. 座位安排體現(xiàn)文化。中國人傾向于和他們說話，而不是坐在他們旁邊的人VI Comprehension CheckF1.Gender is the cultural meaning of “sex”. 性別是“性”的文化

23、內(nèi)涵F2.Sex and gender are synonymous.同義的性別和性別是同義詞T3.A lady might be feminine, masculine or a combination of both. 一位女士可能是女性，男性或兩者的結(jié)合T4.Women are generally comfortable with building close relationships and confiding to others, while most men are reserved about involvement and disclosure. 女性一般舒適與建筑密切關(guān)系和

24、信任別人，而大多數(shù)人都保留對參與和披露。 F5.Most men use communication to create connection or equality between people. 大多數(shù)人用溝通來建立聯(lián)系或平等的人F6.Women usually use communication to establish status and power. 女性通常使用溝通來確立地位和權(quán)力T7.In feminine culture, communication is a wayprobably the primary wayto express and expand closeness

25、. 在女性文化中，傳播是表達(dá)和擴(kuò)大親密關(guān)系的主要途徑。T8.Masculine socialization stresses doing things and regards action as primary ways to create and express closeness. 男性社會化強(qiáng)調(diào)做事情，把行動視為創(chuàng)造和表達(dá)親密的主要方式。 T9.The first and last principal for effective cross-gender communication is suspending judgment. 有效的跨性別傳播的第一個和最后一個主要是中止判斷。T10.

26、It is difficult but possible to seek translation cues that will facilitate our communication. 這是困難的，但可能尋求翻譯線索，將有利于我們的溝通。Comprehension CheckT1.The most common problems in cross-cultural negotiations concern (1) rules for conducting business, (2) the selection of negotiators, and (3) methods of decisi

27、on-making. 最常見的問題，在跨文化談判的關(guān)注（1）的規(guī)則，進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)，（2）的選擇，談判，和（3）決策方法。 T2.The Japanese believe that socializing is integral to the negotiation process while the Americans do not think so. 日本人認(rèn)為，社交是談判過程中不可或缺的一部分，而美國人卻不這么認(rèn)為F3.American negotiation team members are usually selected on the basis of their social and professional status. 美國談判團(tuán)隊成員通常在他們的社會和職業(yè)地位的基礎(chǔ)上F4.Like Japanese and Chinese negotiators, a detailed written agreement is not central to the negotiation process in the Middle East, Mexico and