高一英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit 4 Earthquakes 1

1、Unit 4 Earthquakes languages points 1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.假設(shè)你的家開始晃動(dòng)假設(shè)你的家開始晃動(dòng),你你必須立刻離開必須立刻離開Shake（shook,shaken)v.搖動(dòng)搖動(dòng), 搖搖, 顫抖顫抖, 震動(dòng)震動(dòng)n.搖動(dòng)搖動(dòng), 搖搖, 顫抖顫抖, 震動(dòng)震動(dòng)翻譯翻譯:服藥前請(qǐng)搖動(dòng)瓶子服藥前請(qǐng)搖動(dòng)瓶子Please shake the bottle before taking the medicine.當(dāng)火車經(jīng)過時(shí)大地在劇烈地震動(dòng)當(dāng)火車經(jīng)過時(shí)大地在劇烈地震

2、動(dòng)When the train passed by,the earth shook seriously這個(gè)可憐的孩子正凍得發(fā)抖這個(gè)可憐的孩子正凍得發(fā)抖The poor child was shaking with cold.聯(lián)想記憶聯(lián)想記憶: shake hands with sb. shake ones head/nod ones head shake sb by the hand=shake ones hand shake ones fist at sb right away=right now=at once=immediately 立刻立刻;馬上馬上 We must be off ri

3、ght away/right now.Its eight . 請(qǐng)立刻把這篇文章打出來請(qǐng)立刻把這篇文章打出來Please type this article out right away/right nowright away不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),right now還相當(dāng)于還相當(dāng)于 at this very moment;at present在此刻在此刻,此時(shí)此時(shí),可用于可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 他們正在錄制唱片他們正在錄制唱片 They are making the record right now翻譯翻譯:他此刻正在寫一本小說他此刻正在寫一本小說He is writing a no

4、vel right now.現(xiàn)在是暑假我在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上幫助爸爸干活現(xiàn)在是暑假我在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上幫助爸爸干活Right now it is summer vocation and Im helping my dad on the farm. 2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.三天來三天來,村子的水井中的水位村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停升升落落不停.rise (rose,risen) vi.升起升起, 起身起身, 高聳高聳, 增長(zhǎng)增長(zhǎng), 上升上升 n.上升上升, 增加增加, 上漲上漲, 發(fā)生

5、發(fā)生, 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.He rose from his chair when the door bell rang.Prices continue to rise.raise reIz( raised, raising)vt.抬高；舉起抬高；舉起I will not raise a hand against you.我不會(huì)做任何不利于你的事。我不會(huì)做任何不利于你的事。提高；增加提高；增加to raise salaries提高工資提高工資他把手臂舉過頭頂。他把手臂舉過頭頂。He raised his arms

6、above his head.他們堅(jiān)決要求提高工資他們堅(jiān)決要求提高工資They insisted on raising salaries rise 與與 raise 上升，提高上升，提高The price of tomatoes has _(rise,raise) recently.The price of the tomatoes has been _ (rise,raise)recently.He _ (rise,raise)the child from the groundThe child _(rise,raise) from the ground.roseraisedraisedro

7、se3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.發(fā)臭的氣體發(fā)臭的氣體從裂縫中冒出來。從裂縫中冒出來。smelly adj.有臭味的有臭味的 eg:The food was smelly.擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)展: n.+y構(gòu)成形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞 blood- mud- sun- cloud- rain- wind- taste- dream- ice- greed- fat- fog-4. In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.tooto 太太以至于不能以至于不能 (表否定

8、表否定)口頭翻譯口頭翻譯:李平的弟弟年紀(jì)太小而不能參軍李平的弟弟年紀(jì)太小而不能參軍Li Pings brother is too young to join the army.=Li Pings brother is not old enough to join .聽到這個(gè)消息他緊張地說不出話來聽到這個(gè)消息他緊張地說不出話來.Hearing the good news,he was too nervous to speak.“tooto”結(jié)構(gòu)之前帶有結(jié)構(gòu)之前帶有only,but,never,not,時(shí)，時(shí)，是強(qiáng)調(diào)是強(qiáng)調(diào)肯定肯定的表示法，譯作的表示法，譯作“非常非常”“十分十分”“實(shí)在實(shí)在”真是

9、太真是太”等等I am only too happy to teach you.我非常高興教你們。我非常高興教你們。He is but too glad to do so他非常喜歡這樣做他非常喜歡這樣做You can never be too old to enjoy a song.我們絕對(duì)不會(huì)老得不能獲得歌曲帶來的歡樂我們絕對(duì)不會(huì)老得不能獲得歌曲帶來的歡樂Tooto. 結(jié)構(gòu)中帶有表示結(jié)構(gòu)中帶有表示心情心情或或描繪性描繪性的的adj/advEg ready,eager,satisfied,kind,willing,anxious etcShe is too ready to help othe

10、r.他樂于助人。他樂于助人。I am too eager to have a world trip.我很想去環(huán)球旅行我很想去環(huán)球旅行擴(kuò)擴(kuò)展展修飾單數(shù)名詞修飾單數(shù)名詞 too+adj.+a+n: I think shes too kind a girl to refuse.擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)展:5. In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在城市里在城市里,有些建筑物里的水管有些建筑物里的水管 出現(xiàn)裂縫或者破裂出現(xiàn)裂縫或者破裂.crack vi. 使開裂使開裂,破裂破裂, eg:The ice cracked as I

11、stepped onto it.玻璃制成的瓶子當(dāng)從桌子摔落到地上時(shí)容易破玻璃制成的瓶子當(dāng)從桌子摔落到地上時(shí)容易破碎碎The bottles made of glass easily crack when they fell into the ground from the table. n. 裂縫裂縫,裂紋裂紋翻譯翻譯:今天別去滑冰了今天別去滑冰了-冰上有危險(xiǎn)的裂縫冰上有危險(xiǎn)的裂縫.Dont go skating today-there are dangerous cracks in the ice.鏡子破裂了鏡子破裂了The mirror cracked.墻上有個(gè)裂縫墻上有個(gè)裂縫There

12、is a crack in the wall爆炸；脹裂；爆炸；脹裂；突然而起；闖入突然而起；闖入burst (burst,burst;bursting)The balloon burst suddenly.氣球突然爆炸了氣球突然爆炸了水管在寒冷的天氣里經(jīng)常凍裂。水管在寒冷的天氣里經(jīng)常凍裂。Water-pipes often burst in cold weather.(水庫(kù)水庫(kù),堤壩等堤壩等)決決口口河水沖毀了堤岸，淹沒了村子河水沖毀了堤岸，淹沒了村子The river burst its banks and flooded the town. If you get much fatter y

13、ou will burst your clothes.擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)展: burst into+n 突然突然. burst into tears burst into songburst into leafburs into flower她突然闖進(jìn)門。她突然闖進(jìn)門。She burst into the door.突然哭起來突然哭起來突然唱起來突然唱起來長(zhǎng)出葉子長(zhǎng)出葉子開花開花burst out+v-ing :suddenly begin doing sthburst out cryingburst out laughingburst out singing 突然哭起來突然哭起來突然笑起來突然笑起來突然

14、唱起來突然唱起來burst into the room 闖入房間闖入房間 a burst of applause/anger/tears 一陣一陣.6.It seemed that the world was at an end.似乎世界末日來臨似乎世界末日來臨 at en end 結(jié)束結(jié)束;終結(jié)終結(jié)The war was at an end.區(qū)分區(qū)分: at the end of;by the end of; in the end.There is a big bookstore _ this road.There is a pretty bird singing _ the tree.Ho

15、w many English words had you learned _ _ last term.He will be a scientist _.My father will return home _ _ this year.at the end ofat the end of by the end of in the end at the end ofbring/put .to an end 使終止使終止come to an end. 結(jié)束結(jié)束end up with 以以.而告終而告終at the end (of ) :在在末尾，指時(shí)間和空間末尾，指時(shí)間和空間by the end o

16、f :到到末為止末為止in the end : 最后，最終，不與最后，最終，不與of 連用連用其他詞組：其他詞組：7.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins在可怕的十五秒鐘內(nèi)在可怕的十五秒鐘內(nèi),一座大城市變?yōu)閺U墟一座大城市變?yōu)閺U墟.ruin n.廢墟廢墟(c.n),毀滅毀滅(u.n) Vt. 使毀滅使毀滅 in ruins 荒蕪的荒蕪的,成為廢墟成為廢墟,一般用作表語(yǔ)一般用作表語(yǔ)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給這個(gè)國(guó)家?guī)砹藲鐟?zhàn)爭(zhēng)給這個(gè)國(guó)家?guī)砹藲鏣he war brought ruin to the country.Our plan is in

17、ruins我們的計(jì)劃泡湯了我們的計(jì)劃泡湯了暴風(fēng)雨摧毀了農(nóng)作物暴風(fēng)雨摧毀了農(nóng)作物The storm ruined the crops. 那建筑物已斷壁殘?jiān)墙ㄖ镆褦啾跉堅(jiān)?如果你繼續(xù)這樣愚蠢下去如果你繼續(xù)這樣愚蠢下去,你將自毀前程你將自毀前程You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish.The building is in ruins8.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死三分之二的人在地震中死亡

18、或受傷亡或受傷 injure vt.損害損害,受傷受傷 adj. injured 受傷的受傷的,受委屈的受委屈的He cant play today because hes injured his knee.因?yàn)閭讼ドw，他今天不能比賽。因?yàn)閭讼ドw，他今天不能比賽。Among the dead and injured,there were six children.死傷的人中，有六名兒童。死傷的人中，有六名兒童。辨析辨析:hurt,injure,wound hurt受傷的一般用語(yǔ)受傷的一般用語(yǔ),常指心靈的傷害常指心靈的傷害,也可指身體也可指身體的受傷或疼痛的受傷或疼痛. wound指戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的

19、刀傷或槍傷指戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的刀傷或槍傷 damage 指對(duì)物體的破壞或損壞指對(duì)物體的破壞或損壞 injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受傷一般指由于意外或事故而受傷,也可以表示也可以表示 “損害名譽(yù)損害名譽(yù),傷害感情等傷害感情等”His words _her feelings.It _the eyes to read in the sun.More than 200 people were _in the car accident.The soldiers were _-in the battle.hurthurtsinjuredwounded9. The number of people who we

20、re killed or injured reached more than 400 000. 傷亡的人數(shù)達(dá)到傷亡的人數(shù)達(dá)到400 000.He sent his son to join the army as soon as he reached 18.Your letter of August 24 only reached me today.Weve got to reach an agreement about this question.The boy wasnt tall enough to reach the branches.The park reaches as far as

21、 the river.達(dá)到達(dá)到(指某種數(shù)目指某種數(shù)目)抵達(dá)抵達(dá),傳到傳到達(dá)成達(dá)成(協(xié)議協(xié)議)得出得出(結(jié)論結(jié)論)伸手夠到伸手夠到(某物某物)vi.延伸延伸10. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人們無(wú)論朝哪里看人們無(wú)論朝哪里看,哪里一切都幾乎被哪里一切都幾乎被毀壞了毀壞了. everywhere=wherever =no matter where在這里做連詞用在這里做連詞用,引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句.如如: Everywhere he appeared, he was popular.無(wú)論他出現(xiàn)在哪里，他都是受歡的無(wú)

22、論他出現(xiàn)在哪里，他都是受歡的無(wú)論他去哪，他的狗都跟著他。無(wú)論他去哪，他的狗都跟著他。Everywhere he goes,his dogs follows him.everywhere pron. 到處，處處到處，處處我們到處找你。我們到處找你。We have looked everywhere for you.到處是深谷到處是深谷 Everywhere are deep valleys.11.Tens of thousands of cows never give milk again數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的奶牛再也不產(chǎn)奶了數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的奶牛再也不產(chǎn)奶了tens of thousands of 數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的數(shù)以

23、萬(wàn)計(jì)的 hundreds and hundreds of 成百上千的成百上千的 hundreds of thousands 數(shù)以十萬(wàn)計(jì)的數(shù)以十萬(wàn)計(jì)的 thousands of 數(shù)千計(jì)的數(shù)千計(jì)的 millions of 數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的 scores of 許許多多的許許多多的 dozens of 許多，大量許多，大量 12. People were shocked. 人們感到震驚人們感到震驚.I was shocked at the news of her death.He was shocked to know he had been cheatedLiu xiang shocked t

24、he whole world (2)n. 打擊打擊,震驚震驚,休克休克The shock of the failure in the exam made her ill. It gave me quite a shock to learn that he had married again.The patient went into another shock.shock vt.&n.(1)vt. Cause a shock to sb.使某人吃驚使某人吃驚,使憤慨使憤慨13. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped un

25、der the ruins. 有些救援人員和醫(yī)生被有些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在廢墟中困在廢墟中rescue vt. 援救援救;營(yíng)救營(yíng)救 rescue sb from sb/sth救出一孩子免于溺斃救出一孩子免于溺斃rescue a child from drowning解放軍戰(zhàn)士從即將倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太。解放軍戰(zhàn)士從即將倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太。The PLA man rescued the old lady from the falling house. n. 援救援救, 營(yíng)救營(yíng)救a rescue team; a rescue mission.救援隊(duì)；營(yíng)救任務(wù)救援隊(duì)；營(yíng)救任務(wù)trap

26、(trapped,trapped) n.陷阱，圈套陷阱，圈套vt. 使受限制使受限制(困困)于于;誘騙誘騙The car was trapped in the deep snow. 15.people began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 人們開始困惑這災(zāi)難要持續(xù)多久人們開始困惑這災(zāi)難要持續(xù)多久disaster (c.n.)災(zāi)難災(zāi)難,災(zāi)禍災(zāi)禍,災(zāi)害災(zāi)害 adj. disastrous adv. disastrously16. The army organized teams to dig out those who are trapped and to bury the dead. 軍隊(duì)組成救援隊(duì)軍隊(duì)組成救援隊(duì)挖掘那些受困的人們并埋葬死者。挖掘那些受困的人們并埋葬死者。bury vt. (1)place (a dead body) in the ground埋葬埋葬 eg: He was buried with his wife.(2)hide 掩埋掩埋 隱藏隱藏, Our dog buries its bones in the garden.She burie