蛋白質(zhì)消化率

1、必須注意的是，原料生物利用率并不等于營養(yǎng)價值，利用率只是營養(yǎng)價值的一個評定指標(biāo)。蛋白質(zhì)利用率排名第一的豆粕其生長效果處于第l0位，而利用率排名第l6位的蠶蛹其等蛋白生長效果排名第1位。究其原因，蠶蛹為動物蛋白，必需氨基酸含量高、氨基酸平衡且含有較多未知生長因子。所以，雖然生物利用率是原料營養(yǎng)價值的重要評定指標(biāo)，但氨基酸指標(biāo)更為核心。上述論斷為任澤林所下。對于此句話可以理解為，如果原料的氨基酸組成(特別是必需氨基酸)與魚體需求不一致，即使其蛋白質(zhì)消化率較高，吸收進入魚體的蛋白質(zhì)也會大量當(dāng)作能量消耗或轉(zhuǎn)換為脂肪等其他物質(zhì)，而不能用于蛋白質(zhì)的合成。注：表X A、表X B分別表示2001年前和2001

2、年后研究成果。一 蛋白質(zhì)消化率 表1A 蛋白質(zhì)消化率鯉魚草魚長吻鮠ABCDEFG地瓜粉90.70小米94.58麥麩90.0088.9373.2180.22大麥89.3759.48高粱91.99高粱糠57.37稻谷64.21玉米90.8390.4564.8850.10土豆淀粉92.06標(biāo)粉95.2968.90次粉71.31苜蓿粉90.45大米92.87小麥94.1087.0694.17米糠82.6176.3865.3071.1172.61骨粉87.89蠶蛹粉73.55酪蛋白98.95進口魚粉81.2895.0087.5490.8182.6690.91國產(chǎn)魚粉78.1984.0486.0586.6

3、5白魚粉85.14鹵蟲粉82.32蝦糠80.56肉骨粉84.2279.2187.57肉骨粉191.20肉骨粉291.20肉骨粉384.04血粉48.3590.2285.93發(fā)酵血粉60.85蒸煮血粉73.27噴干血粉96.15蟹粉80.22腸衣粉69.89羽毛粉-4.36蓖麻餅89.32芝麻粕67.6980.20葵花粕95.7990.08玉米糟62.60白酒糟81.5868.47啤酒糟86.20四環(huán)素藥渣61.71玉米酒精蛋白85.47玉米胚芽餅88.8977.10酵母85.04啤酒酵母85.4786.17棉籽粕89.4975.22棉籽餅83.5782.45菜籽粕83.3077.8169.09

4、80.0689.87黃菜粕86.03黑菜粕79.45雙低菜粕86.15豆粕97.3495.0087.5396.2196.3176.33豆餅86.4688.91膨化太豆89.14麻餅73.20花生餅89.4890.92椰肉餅65.35玉米蛋白粉92.3468.9173.93菌體蛋白72.14表1B 蛋白質(zhì)消化率原料花鱸大黃魚長吻鮠翹嘴紅鲌羅非魚魚粉92.3090.9191.7892.21白魚粉92.40紅魚粉89.30肉骨粉77.3978.30血粉85.9395.1891.58(噴霧)蠶蛹粉84.92豆粕90.6484.5091.8999.26花生粕87.0580.6088.2689.87棉籽粕

5、76.7970.7066.3488.40菜籽粕81.3079.4077.9486.57豆餅粉76.33菜籽餅粉89.87玉米蛋白粉73.9388.68(玉米)小麥粉94.17酵母88.8391.69大米糠60.48小麥次粉89.03小麥麩91.54二 脂肪消化率二 脂肪消化率表2B 脂肪消化率原料花鱸大黃魚翹嘴紅鲌魚粉89.4094.16白魚粉90.5紅魚粉88.3肉骨粉88.3174.2血粉蠶蛹粉92.78豆粕86.719093.96花生粕87.2182.685.25棉籽粕80.4661.3菜籽粕86.0976.366.69三 消化能表4B 能量消化率(%)原料花鱸大黃魚長吻鮠魚粉83.96

6、83.00白魚粉82.60紅魚粉80.50肉骨粉67.9470.20血粉82.27豆粕76.1876.30花生粕73.1674.70棉籽粕46.9942.90菜籽粕68.0166.40豆餅粉61.39菜籽餅粉79.07玉米蛋白粉48.43小麥粉84.63四 干物質(zhì)消化率表4A 干物質(zhì)消化率鯉魚草魚團頭魴青魚ABCDEGHIJ地瓜粉70.29小米84.53麥麩50.7659.3062.6633.5947.0069.5042.85大麥77.3459.9766.90高粱85.9659.70高粱糠33.24稻谷64.52玉米22.90土豆淀粉59.09標(biāo)粉87.0879.36次粉61.62苜蓿粉35.

7、3836.30大米93.85小麥80.72米糠67.6247.3954.1456.6761.0049.90骨粉12.96蠶蛹粉69.02脫脂蠶蛹粉72.90酪蛋白90.19進口魚粉71.0183.0083.0660.3964.2077.35國產(chǎn)魚粉66.0081.5162.0853.5969.7079.7068.17白魚粉60.46鹵蟲粉蝦糠59.8459.90肉骨粉60.8259.1366.5170.0071.39肉骨粉171.90肉骨粉271.90肉骨粉343.59家禽副產(chǎn)物88.50血粉41.5082.6185.8085.42發(fā)酵血粉40.98蒸煮血粉76.01噴干血粉87.06蟹粉56

8、.68腸衣粉56.62羽毛粉31.7262.20蓖麻餅55.83芝麻粕51.8770.19葵花粕52.2451.40白酒糟38.4471.71啤酒糟44.51四環(huán)素藥渣60.13玉米酒精蛋白65.36玉米胚芽餅61.3460.7558.6950.5060.2062.25酵母64.24啤酒酵母72.1482.10棉籽粕46.8459.49棉籽餅48.5441.4843.8064.6063.59菜籽粕59.2168.6249.5243.6349.3048.6045.9061.59黃菜粕74.80黑菜粕68.31雙低菜粕66.40豆粕75.9685.0075.8481.2077.8066.5079.

9、27豆餅78.1755.8374.90膨化太豆79.10花生餅65.5334.7084.80玉米蛋白粉81.8163.36菌體蛋白66.46表4B 干物質(zhì)消化率原料花鱸大黃魚翹嘴紅鲌魚粉62.0386.53白魚粉70.00紅魚粉65.20肉骨粉58.6252.40血粉86.90豆粕65.9568.2084.17蠶蛹粉76.36花生粕64.4066.5081.83棉籽粕40.5943.6043.43菜籽粕58.6650.6060.61酵母67.42五 原料磷消化率表4A 干物質(zhì)消化率鯉魚草魚團頭魴青魚ABCDEGHIJ地瓜粉70.29小米84.53麥麩50.7659.3062.6633.5947

10、.0069.5042.85大麥77.3459.9766.90高粱85.9659.70高粱糠33.24稻谷64.52玉米22.90土豆淀粉59.09標(biāo)粉87.0879.36次粉61.62苜蓿粉35.3836.30大米93.85小麥80.72米糠67.6247.3954.1456.6761.0049.90骨粉12.96蠶蛹粉69.02脫脂蠶蛹粉72.90酪蛋白90.19進口魚粉71.0183.0083.0660.3964.2077.35國產(chǎn)魚粉66.0081.5162.0853.5969.7079.7068.17白魚粉60.46鹵蟲粉蝦糠59.8459.90肉骨粉60.8259.1366.5170

11、.0071.39肉骨粉171.90肉骨粉271.90肉骨粉343.59家禽副產(chǎn)物88.50血粉41.5082.6185.8085.42發(fā)酵血粉40.98蒸煮血粉76.01噴干血粉87.06蟹粉56.68腸衣粉56.62羽毛粉31.7262.20蓖麻餅55.83芝麻粕51.8770.19葵花粕52.2451.40白酒糟38.4471.71啤酒糟44.51四環(huán)素藥渣60.13玉米酒精蛋白65.36玉米胚芽餅61.3460.7558.6950.5060.2062.25酵母64.24啤酒酵母72.1482.10棉籽粕46.8459.49棉籽餅48.5441.4843.8064.6063.59菜籽粕59

12、.2168.6249.5243.6349.3048.6045.9061.59黃菜粕74.80黑菜粕68.31雙低菜粕66.40豆粕75.9685.0075.8481.2077.8066.5079.27豆餅78.1755.8374.90膨化太豆79.10花生餅65.5334.7084.80玉米蛋白粉81.8163.36菌體蛋白66.46表4B 干物質(zhì)消化率原料花鱸大黃魚翹嘴紅鲌魚粉62.0386.53白魚粉70.00紅魚粉65.20肉骨粉58.6252.40血粉86.90豆粕65.9568.2084.17蠶蛹粉76.36花生粕64.4066.5081.83棉籽粕40.5943.6043.43菜籽

13、粕58.6650.6060.61酵母67.42五 原料磷消化率表4A 干物質(zhì)消化率鯉魚草魚團頭魴青魚ABCDEGHIJ地瓜粉70.29小米84.53麥麩50.7659.3062.6633.5947.0069.5042.85大麥77.3459.9766.90高粱85.9659.70高粱糠33.24稻谷64.52玉米22.90土豆淀粉59.09標(biāo)粉87.0879.36次粉61.62苜蓿粉35.3836.30大米93.85小麥80.72米糠67.6247.3954.1456.6761.0049.90骨粉12.96蠶蛹粉69.02脫脂蠶蛹粉72.90酪蛋白90.19進口魚粉71.0183.0083.0

14、660.3964.2077.35國產(chǎn)魚粉66.0081.5162.0853.5969.7079.7068.17白魚粉60.46鹵蟲粉蝦糠59.8459.90肉骨粉60.8259.1366.5170.0071.39肉骨粉171.90肉骨粉271.90肉骨粉343.59家禽副產(chǎn)物88.50血粉41.5082.6185.8085.42發(fā)酵血粉40.98蒸煮血粉76.01噴干血粉87.06蟹粉56.68腸衣粉56.62羽毛粉31.7262.20蓖麻餅55.83芝麻粕51.8770.19葵花粕52.2451.40白酒糟38.4471.71啤酒糟44.51四環(huán)素藥渣60.13玉米酒精蛋白65.36玉米胚芽

15、餅61.3460.7558.6950.5060.2062.25酵母64.24啤酒酵母72.1482.10棉籽粕46.8459.49棉籽餅48.5441.4843.8064.6063.59菜籽粕59.2168.6249.5243.6349.3048.6045.9061.59黃菜粕74.80黑菜粕68.31雙低菜粕66.40豆粕75.9685.0075.8481.2077.8066.5079.27豆餅78.1755.8374.90膨化太豆79.10花生餅65.5334.7084.80玉米蛋白粉81.8163.36菌體蛋白66.46表4B 干物質(zhì)消化率原料花鱸大黃魚翹嘴紅鲌魚粉62.0386.53白魚粉70.00紅魚粉65.20肉骨粉58.6252.40血粉86.90豆粕65.9568.2084.17蠶蛹粉76.36花生粕64.4066.5081.83棉籽粕40.5943.6043.43菜籽粕58.6650.6060.61酵母67.42五 原料磷消化率表6B 磷消化率原料虹鱒Carp斑點叉尾鮰大黃魚白魚粉60-7210-264060.3紅魚粉70-8113-3353.2肉骨粉27.6豆粕29-5435.9花生粕37.5棉籽粕9.3菜籽粕21.5干酵母9193米糠1925玉米25次粉28玉米胚芽5857植