八年級英語上冊ReviewofUnits3-4詞句精講精練(新版)仁愛版

1、Review of Units 3-4詞句精講精練詞匯精講1. hobbyhobby作名詞，意為興趣；愛好”。例如：His hobby is fish ing.他的愛好是釣魚。One of my hobbies is pain ti ng.我的業(yè)余愛好之一是畫畫?！就卣埂科渌磉_(dá)喜好的句型：enjoy sth./do ing sth.be kee n on sth./do ing sth.be into sth./d oing sth.feel like sth./doing sth.be fond of sth./do ing sth.be crazy about sth./d oing s

2、th.be in serested in sth./do ing sth.2. collectcollect作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“收集，搜集”。例如：collect stamps收集郵票collect coi ns收集硬幣【拓展】collection作名詞，意為“收藏品、收集物”。是動(dòng)詞collect的名詞形式，是由動(dòng)詞collect后綴-tion變化來的。collector名詞，意為“收藏家”。例如：These are my collecti ons.這些是我的收藏品。My brother has a very good collect ion of stamps.我的弟弟收集了許多郵票。Mar

3、k is a famous stamp collector.Mark是一位著名的郵票收藏家。3. le ndlend作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“借給，借出”，表示“自己”借給“他人”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：lend sb.sth.或lend sth. to sb.借給某人某物。例如：Can you lend me your ruler? = Can you lend your ruler to me?把你的尺子借給我好嗎？【辨析】lend借出，借給表示把東西借給他人常用搭配：lend sb. sth.或lend sth. to sb.borrow借入，借來表示從他人借入常用搭配：borrow sth. from

4、sb.例如:She borrows an English dictionaryfrom her classmate and lends a pen to her friend.她向同學(xué)借了一本字典，并把一支鋼筆借給了朋友。4. won derwo nder作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“想知道；對.感到懷疑”，常見的用法有：（1）后接who, what，why，where等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：2I wonder who she is.我想知道她是誰。She wondered what the child was doing.她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。I wonder why Ann is late.我

5、想知道安為什么遲到了。I wonder where they have gone.我想知道他們?nèi)ツ膬毫?。?）后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，表示“對感到驚訝”，that?？墒∪?。例如：I wonder （that） she has won the race.我對她贏了比賽感到驚訝。（3）后接if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，常用來表示一種委婉的請求或疑問。例如：She wondered whether you were free that morning.她想知道你那天上午是否有空。I wonder if he will succeed.我不知道他會(huì)不會(huì)成功。5. agreeagree作不及物

6、動(dòng)詞，意為“同意”，I agree意為“同意，贊成”，I dont agree表示 “不贊成某人或某人的觀點(diǎn)”，常用于交際用語中。另外，agree后接不定式，但不能接動(dòng)名詞。例如：She agreed to lend me the book.她同意把那本書借給我。I agree to meet him tomorrow.我同意明天見他?！就卣埂縜gree with和agree to（to為介詞）都表示“同意，贊同”，但后面所接的賓語不同。agree with后接指人或表示意見、看法的詞；agree to后接表示建議、計(jì)劃、安排之類的詞。例 如：I quite agree with you.我很

7、同意你（的意見） 。Do you agree with what I have said?你同意我所說的話嗎？He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday.他已經(jīng)同意我們度假的建議了。6. beatbeat作及物動(dòng)詞，有以下用法：（1） 意為“贏；打??；戰(zhàn)勝”，后接人或某一團(tuán)隊(duì)、組織等，其過去式為beat。例如：I beat him at long jump yesterday.昨天跳遠(yuǎn)我贏了他。（2）意為“打；擊”，表示連續(xù)不斷的打擊。例如：Who is beating the drum?誰在打鼓？（3）表示“（心臟）等跳動(dòng)”。例如：I

8、feel my heart is beating fast.我覺得我的心臟在劇烈跳動(dòng)?！就卣埂縝eat和win都有“贏”的意思，但用法不同：beat的賓語為人或相當(dāng)于人的團(tuán)體、 組織； 而win的賓語為比賽或某個(gè)項(xiàng)目， 過去式為won。 例如：Though we were weak, we beat them.雖然我們?nèi)?，但我們贏了他們。Who win the first prize in the competition?誰在比賽中贏得了一等獎(jiǎng)？7. share（1）share用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“共用；合用；分享”。例如：Its hard to share power.權(quán)力很難分享。(2)sh

9、are sth. with sb.意為“與某人分享某物”。例如：Tony shared his chocolate with other kids.托尼把他的巧克力與其他孩子分著吃了。She shares a housewith two other students.她與另外兩個(gè)同學(xué)合住一所房子。8. thousand thousand是數(shù)詞，意為“千”，當(dāng)表示具體的“幾千”時(shí)，用“基數(shù)詞+ thousand”， 注意不加-s。例如：3There are nine thousand students in our school.我們學(xué)校有9000名學(xué)生。 【拓展】(1)thousands of

10、表示“數(shù)千，成千上萬的”，這時(shí)thousand后要加-s，且后面有介詞of，但是不能與數(shù)詞連用。例如：There are thousands of people in the street.在街上有成千上萬的人。(2)表示數(shù)詞的還有hundred百”，million百萬”，billion十億”。它們的用法和thousand一樣，可以用來表示約數(shù)和確數(shù)。例如：More than nine hundred people have died in the fighting.900多人在這場戰(zhàn)斗中喪生。The programme was viewed on television inmillions

11、of homes.無數(shù)家庭通過電視收看了這個(gè)節(jié)目。9. find outfind out意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明”，多指通過調(diào)查、詢問、打聽、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“經(jīng)過困難、曲折”之后才找出難以找到的東西。例如：Please find out when the train leaves.請查一下火車什么時(shí)候離站?！就卣埂?1)find是動(dòng)詞，意為“找到”，通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果。 例如：He didnt find his book.他沒有找到他的書。(2)look for意為“尋找”，是有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的動(dòng)作。例如：Jim is looking for his l

12、ittle dog.吉姆正在找他的狗。10. protectprotect為及物動(dòng)詞，意為保護(hù)。常用搭配protect sb./sth. from，意為保護(hù)某人/某物免受傷害”。例如：We should protect rare animals.我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)珍稀動(dòng)物。Parents protect their young from danger.父母保護(hù)他們的兒女不受傷害。11. look uplook up意為“(在詞典或參考書中)查閱，檢查”，其后跟名詞作賓語，名詞可放在look和up之間，也可放在look up之后；如果代詞作賓語，則只能放在look和up之間。 例如：Look up t

13、he word in the book, and you will know its meaning.在書中查查這個(gè)詞，你就知道它的意思了。Please look them up in the dictionary carefully.請仔細(xì)在詞典中查一下它們。12. pay attention topay attention to表示注意；留心；專心”，該短語中to是介詞，后面可以接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或賓語從句。例如：Don t pay any attention to Nina she doesnt know what shes talking about.別理睬Nina她根本不知道自己在

14、說什么。You must pay attention to the problems of spelling in your writing.你必須注意你寫作中的拼寫問題。You should pay more atte nti on to observi ng.你應(yīng)該多注意觀察。詞匯精練I.根據(jù)首字母提示及漢語意思寫單詞。41. My h_ is collect ing stamps.2. A f thing happe ned in the subway yesterday.3. He waited for us with a letter of i ._4. True fis worth

15、 more tha n mon ey.5. I_(想知道)if there are some seats still available.6. After a brief_(平靜),fighting broke out again.7. He has run out of food, his childre n are h_ .8. Its our duty and responsibility to(保護(hù))this land.9. The job was _(_完美的);there was not a single mistake.10.After several yearsstudy he

16、 got a lot of(知識(shí)).11.用括號(hào)中所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空(每空不限一詞)。1. He is_ (in terested) in art, and music, and books, and so on.2. They have a large_(collect) of fishes.3. The local people are always very_(frie nd) towards tourists.4. He hopes that his reas ons may be_ (un dersta nd).5. Tom, let me_(in troduct ion) my

17、friend to you.6. Everythi ng is very gree n and_ (peace).7. They said the ship was_ (miss).8. The foreign visitors are going to travel in some_ (south) provi nces ofChi na.9. She asked the police_ (search) for miss ing soldiers.10. The Chin ese vers ionof the En glish novel_ (appear) in theearly 195

18、0s.III.從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)短語并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。agree with sb., wake up, be fond of, lose on eself in,look up,less and less, indan ger, die out, thousa ndsof,in a lowvoice1. We talked _ because we didnt want t o wake the baby up.2. The water in the lake is gett ing_.3. The dam was_because of the rising flood.4. She the

19、beauty of this early spri ng morning.5. We can the word in the dicti on ary.6.people ran into the stadium to watch the football match.7. Im really veryswimming in summer.8. I used to early and get up at 6:30.9. Many whales were killed that we are afraid that they might10. He gets angry whe n people

20、do not【參考答案】I.根據(jù)首字母提示及漢語意思寫單詞。I. hobby2.fu nny3. in troduct ion 4. frien dship5. won der6. peace7.h tecthim.59. perfect 10. kno wledgeII.用括號(hào)中所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空(每空不限一詞)。1. in terested 2. collecti on3. frien dly4. un derstood. 5.in troduce6. peaceful 7. miss ing8. souther n9. to search 10.appearedII

21、I.從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)短語并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。1. in a low voice 2. less and less 3. in dan ger4. lost herself in 5. look up 6. Thousa nds of7. fond of 8. wake up 9. die out10. agree with句式精講1. Maybe I n eed a cha nge.maybe作副詞，主要用于非正式場合，口語中常用，意為“也許，大概”。它通常放在句子 的開頭，在句子中作狀語。例如：Maybe they wont come here tonight.他們大概今晚不會(huì)來這兒。May

22、be she is happy.也許她是幸福的?！就卣埂縨ay be是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may+動(dòng) 詞原形be”構(gòu)成的， 在句中做謂語，意為“可能是、大概是”。例如：She may be at home.她可能在家。 （也可以說：Maybe she is at home.)You may be right.你可能是對的。（也可以說：Maybe you are right.)2. I used to collect baseball cards.used to do sth.是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“過去經(jīng)常做某事”，后面用動(dòng)詞原形，表示過去的某種經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的行為或者動(dòng)作，并意味著這種動(dòng)作目前已經(jīng)不存

23、在?？隙ň洌篒 used to play with my friends after school.過去放學(xué)后我常常和朋友們一起玩。否定句：You didnt use to like pop songs. =You usednt to like pop songs.你過去不喜歡流行歌曲。一般疑問句：Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?6你的妹妹過去常常是很安靜嗎？there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river.過去這條小河常常有許多魚。

24、【拓展】(1)be used to do something動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：意思是 被用來做某事，是動(dòng)詞短語useto do的被Knives are used to cut things.（2）be used to doing something如：小刀是用來切東西的。意思是“習(xí)慣于做某事”，to后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式。例My father is used to living in the village.我爸爸習(xí)慣于住在村子里。3. But the girl was afraid to go home without selling one box of matches.（1）be afra

25、id之后可接不定式， 也可接名詞、 代詞或of doing sth.表示“害怕做某事” 或“不敢做某事”。例如：She was afraid to tell you.她害怕告訴你。She is afraid of going out alone late at night.Im afraid of the dog.我怕狗。（2）但若要表示擔(dān)心可能會(huì)發(fā)生某事，則只能用to do。例如：Im afraid of being late for class.我擔(dān)心上課遲到?！就卣埂縝e afraid后可接that從句，表示擔(dān)心.。例如：He is afraid that his father will

26、 be unhappy.他擔(dān)心他的爸爸會(huì)不高興。4. And then they felt too tired to work on Monday mornings.tooto意為“太而不能”。它在結(jié)構(gòu)形式上是肯定的，但意義上卻表示否定含義， 所以動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to前不能再加not，只接動(dòng)詞原形即可，too后接形容詞或副詞原形。 例如：The book is too difficult to understand.這本書難于理解?！就卣埂?1 )在tooto句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后所跟的介詞不能省略。 例如：The room is too small to live in.

27、這房間太小了不能住。(2)在tooto句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的賓語實(shí)際上就是這個(gè)句子的主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定 式后面不能再加代詞作賓語。例如：The question is too difficult to answer.這個(gè)問題太難了，無法回答。(3)在tooto句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式能確切說明動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，可以在動(dòng)詞不定式前面加上邏輯主語，即for sb.形式。例如：The box is too heavy for him to carry.箱子太沉了，他搬不動(dòng)。(4)含tooto的句子可以改寫成sothat句型，意為“如此.以至于.”。例如：He is too old to do hard wor

28、k. =He is so old that he cant do hard work.他年紀(jì)太大而不能干重活。(5)含tooto的句子也可以用not +形容詞/副詞+ enough to do sth.”句型來替換，但注意要用原句中形容詞或副詞的反義詞。例如：He is too old to do hard work. =她很怕深夜獨(dú)自外出。be afraid of doing而不能用be afraid7He is not young enough to do hard work.他年紀(jì)大了，不能做重活。5. What are you thinking about?(1) thi nk abo

29、ut意為考慮；就. 思考”。提問對某人或某事的看法應(yīng)該用疑問詞what。此時(shí)think about可與think of互換。例如：Are you thinking about the question?你在考慮那個(gè)問題嗎？What do you think about that man?你認(rèn)為那個(gè)人怎么樣？(2) What do/did sb. think about/ of?這是詢問某人對某事(人)的看法常用的句型，意為“認(rèn)為怎么樣？”，答語往往是對某物(人)的評價(jià)。例如：What do you think about / of the book written by him?你認(rèn)為他寫的那

30、本書怎么樣？It is very good.很好。(3) What do you thi nk of？可以和How do you like？互換。例如：What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film?你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣？6. But now they have less and less land to live on.本句中l(wèi)ess是little的比較級，less and less意為“越來越少”。形容詞/副詞的比 較級+and+形容詞/副詞的比較級，這種句型表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長，意思是“越來越.”。例如：longe

31、r and longer越來越長；more and more beautiful越來越漂亮。Summer is coming. The weather is getting hotter and hotter.夏天來了，天氣變得越來越熱了?！就卣埂苛韮煞N表示比較的句型：(1)“The形容詞/副詞的比較級主語謂語，the形容詞/副詞的比較級主語 謂語”。這個(gè)句型是形容詞/副詞比較級的疊加用法，表示一方的程度隨著另一方的程度平 行增長，意思是“越，(就)越”。例如：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make.你越小心，出現(xiàn)的問題就

32、越少。(2)as+形容詞/副詞的原級+as.。這個(gè)句型表示同級比較，即比較的結(jié)果是一樣的，在as和as的中間用形容詞或副詞的原級。在否定句中既可以用not as.as.，也可以用not so. as.，表示前者不如后者。例如：He is as tall as my brother.他和我的弟弟一樣高。It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday.今天不如昨天暖和。7. Because animals are our friends. They make us happy.make + sb.+形容詞，make是謂語動(dòng)詞，sb.是make的賓語，后面的形容詞

33、在此作賓語 補(bǔ)足語。例如：Rainy days make me sad.雨天讓我很悲傷。What he said made the teacher angry.他說的話讓老師很生氣?！就卣埂?1)make +sb.+過去分詞，此處的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞作賓補(bǔ)。例如：Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed.在雨中等他讓我很煩。(2)make + sb.+動(dòng)詞原形，此處的動(dòng)詞原形也叫省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。例如：Sad movies always make me cry.傷感的電影經(jīng)常讓我哭泣。Loud music makes her want to

34、 dance.高聲的音樂讓她想跳舞。8(3)be madeto+動(dòng)詞原形，此處是make的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，要還原動(dòng)詞不定式的to，即be made todo sth.意為被使做某事。例如：The boss made him work for 15 hours a day.THe was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss.老板使他一天工作15個(gè)小時(shí)。8. What did it look like?look like意為“看起來像”應(yīng)用范圍最廣，除了描述人、物之外，也能抽象表達(dá)事件或現(xiàn)象。例如：He looks like a famous movi

35、e star.他看起來像一個(gè)電影明星。That bicycle looks just like the one I used to have.那個(gè)自行車看起來像我曾經(jīng)擁有的那個(gè)。It looks like its going to rain soon.天看起來要下雨。【拓展】(1).take after意為“像，與相似”。take after最常見的是用在有血緣關(guān)系的親子之間，外貌用的最多，也能夠用在性格脾氣這些內(nèi)在特質(zhì)上。例如：She took after her mother almost in everyth ing.她幾乎與她母親一模一樣。Adam was my gra ndfathe

36、r and I take after him.亞當(dāng)是我的祖父，我和他很相像(2)be similar to一般用在相近似的物品和情境的對比上。例如：His problem is similar to yours.他的問題和你的相似。句式精練I.按要求改寫句子，每空一詞。1. You must eat someth ing.（改為否定句）You_eat_.2. He used to be a teacher.（改為一般疑問句）_ he_to be a teacher?3. T here arent any treasures in the Underground Palace,_ ?（改為反意疑

37、問句）4. Youd better ask our teacher for help.（改為否定句）You d_ask our teacher for help.5. He is goi ng to see a film on Sunday.（對劃線部分提問）_ is he going to_ on Sun day?6. Why n ot go out and have a pic nic?（改為同義句）_going out and hav ing a pic nic?7. It took them 40 mi nu tes to watch TV.（改為同義句）9They 40 minu tes_ TV.8.1 thi nk he will work hard this term.（改為否定句）I_thi nk he_ work hard this term.9. Its nothing serious,_ ?（改為反意疑問句）10. He did his homework yesterday.（改為否定句）He_ his homework yesterday.11.根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。1我對打籃球很感興趣。I_ play ing basketball.