可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的講解和練習

1、博科第五次培不可數(shù)名詞如何量化：就是在不可數(shù)名詞前面加上數(shù)詞+量詞+of ”比如:姓名： 時間： 家長簽名： 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 英語中的名詞指的是一種抽象的或者具體的事物，它有可數(shù)和不可數(shù)之分。所謂可數(shù)名詞指的 就是在數(shù)量上可以計數(shù)，可以數(shù)出數(shù)量的事物；所謂不可數(shù)名詞是指不能以數(shù)目來計算，不可以分 成個體的概念、狀態(tài)、品質、感情或表示物質材料的東西?？蓴?shù)名詞在他之前可以加上冠詞a/an。而不可數(shù)名詞前面是不可以直接家冠詞的?？蓴?shù)名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式有如下變化規(guī)律：a. 般情況下，直接加 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;讀音：清輔音后

2、讀 s, 濁輔音和元音后讀 z 。b. 以 s. x. sh. ch 結尾，力口 -es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ; 讀音：iz 。c. 以 輔音字母 +y"結尾，變 y 為 i, 再力口-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;讀 音： z。d. 以"或 fe"結尾，變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加-es,如：knife-knives , thief-thieves ;讀音：z。e. 以“(結尾的詞，分兩種情況1) 有生命的 +e

3、s讀音：z如： mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroes2) 無生命的 +s讀音：z如： photo-photosradio-radiosf. 不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people 。除此之外,還有一部分名詞單復數(shù)同形,如：fish 魚，deer 鹿，she

4、ep 綿羊，works (工廠)， means 手段，Swiss 瑞士人，Chinese 中 國人， news 新聞, goods 商品有一些名詞則只有復數(shù)形式：trousers 褲子，pants褲子，shorts 短褲 glasses 眼鏡，compasses圓規(guī)，scales天平，pliers 鉗子, clips 剪子“某國人 ”的復數(shù)有三種類型：( 1) Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三國人單數(shù)復數(shù)同形,不需加s;( 2) Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman 復數(shù)要把 man 變?yōu)?men;(3)其他各國人以 an，-ian收尾的均直接加

5、s。如：America ns, Australia ns, I ndia ns等?？梢勒者@個口訣記憶：中日不變，英法變，其他” s加后面。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復數(shù)形式, 只有單數(shù)形式, 它的前面不能用不定冠詞 a / an ,若要表示它的 個體意義時,一般需要將其量化。a piece of bread （ paper（紙）,cloth（布）,coal（煤）,news（新聞）,advice（意見）,information（信息）, meat（肉）an item of in formati on 則情報a length of cloth 一段布料a tube of tooth-paste 一條牙膏a

6、 slip of paper 一張紙條a cake of soap 一塊肥皂a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等。當量詞可數(shù)，且前面的數(shù)詞大于一時，量詞需要用復數(shù)形式,女口 two bottles of water 兩瓶水 two pieces of paper 兩張紙 等;同時，可數(shù)名詞也有相應用法，如：a box of apples 一箱蘋果six boxes of apples 六箱蘋果 等。最常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：advice, baggage, change（零錢）,furniture （家具），hair, homework,in formati on, kno wledge,

7、 luggage （行李），mon ey, n ews, progress, traffic其它不可數(shù)名詞還有：abse nee, age, an ger, courage, en ergy, equipme nt, experie nee, failure, fear,food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand

8、, sile nee, sleep, stre ngth, snow, tech no logy, time, trade, tran sport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world 等。上面提到的可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞并不是一成不變的。英文中的很多詞都是一詞多義，名詞也 不例外，同是一個詞在一種情況下是可數(shù)名詞，而在另一種場合卻是不可數(shù)名詞，女口：可數(shù)名詞：a tin 只罐頭 a relation親屬 an iron 把熨斗 a democracy民主國家 a glass 一只玻璃杯 a beaut

9、y美人，美的東西 A wood 一片樹林 a power不可數(shù)名詞：tin錫relation關系Iron鐵democracy民主 glass玻璃 beauty美 Wood木頭 power威力，電力。我們討論名詞的落腳點在，當名詞充當主語時，謂語動詞在人稱、數(shù)等方面必須與其保持一致 即”主謂一致性”的問題?？蓴?shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞練習題一、寫出下列名詞的復數(shù)形式1、orang 2、class3、text4、monkey5、piano6、child7、shelf 8、bed9、country10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanes 14、radio15、photo16、ar

10、my 17、tomato18、fox 19、woman20、knife 22、sheep二、選擇填空1. There are fourand twoin the group.A. Japa nese, Germe nB Japa neses, Germe nC. Japa nese,Germa n, Germa ns2. The boys have gotalready.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread3. The old man want.A. six boxes of applesB.

11、 six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples4. Theresomein the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish meeti ng room is n ear the read ing room.A. teacher ' s '6. I n Brita inare all pain ted red.A. letter boxes boxes C. letter box box arebirds in that big t

12、ree.A. hun dreds ofB. five hun dreds ofC. five hun dred of D. hun dred of8. I want to buy.A. two bottles of inkB. two bottle of inkC. two bottle of inksD.two bottles of inksdon 'have to dotoday.A. much homeworkB. many homeworksC. many homeworkD. much homeworks10. There are threeand seve nin the

13、picture.C. cow, sheepC. is, isB. two pieces of breadsD. two piece of breadA. cows, sheepsB. cows, sheepD. cow, sheeps11. Sheepwhite and milkalso white.A. is, areB. are, isD. are, are12. I ' d like to have a glass of milk and.A. two breads13. He boughtA. two pairs of shoesC. two pairs of shoeC. t

14、wo pieces of breadB. two pair of shoes D. two pair of shoeFew, a few, little, a little 專項練習()1. This is a very old song, soyoung people know it.a. few b. little c. a few d. a little()2 . There aren ' t many oranges here, but tyke if you want to.a. few b. a few c. a little d. little()3. Shan ghai

15、 Waihua n Tunnel is already ope n to traffic, so it will take ustime to go to Pudong International Airport.a. a few b. fewer c. a little d. less()isink in my pen. Would you give me?a. little/ a little b. a little/ little c. few/ a few d. a few/ few() Smith is quite busy today. He hasmeeti ngs to att

16、e nd.a. little b. a little c. few d. a few()6. I ' m sorry. The room issmall to hold so many people. Would you please waitoutside?a. so b. such c. very d. too ( ) 7. Danny is that he wants to go to the fitness camp this summer holiday.a. such fat b. so a fat boy c. such a fat boy d. so fat boy (

17、 ) 8. How can you make a trip with so money?a. few b. a few c. little . a little( ) 9. There is milk in the fridge, so we ll go to the supermarket and buy some.a. little b. a little c. few d. a few( ) house has many rooms that it was hard to find a way out.a. such b. so c. very d. too ( ) you don &#

18、39;t work , you 'll fail in the exam.a. enough hard b. hardly enough c. hard enough d. enough hardly ( ) ' m make a phone call to my friends. I have a lot of work to do.a. too busy to b. so busy that c, so busy to d. too busy that ( ) 13. There are only students in the classroom. Where are the others.