全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程4-Unit-3詞匯詳解

1、文檔可能無法思考全面，請瀏覽后下載! Unit 3Text A1.interview: 1. n. 1) a meeting where a person is asked questions to decide whether he can take up a jobWhen she was still at school, she had her first interview, for a part-time job in a restaurant.2) a meeting where a person is asked questions to find out his/her act

2、ions, opinions, etc.The film star agreed willingly to give an interview immediately after her wedding.2. v. 1) hold an interview with (someone)他正在接受一地方電視臺對他關(guān)于失業(yè)率的采訪。He was being interviewed by a local TV station about the rate of unemployment.2) question (someone) to discover their opinions or exper

3、ience在一次調(diào)查研究中，被調(diào)查的女性中超過一半的人都討厭“家庭婦女”這一稱呼。In a survey more than half of the women interviewed hated the label “housewife”.2.grill: vt.1) cook under or over direct heatWe could grill the chops on the barbecue.2) (infml) question intensely and severely (esp. of the police)他被拷問了兩小時后，警察才讓他走。He was grille

4、d for two hours before the police let him goThe senior detective grilled the young suspect about the robbery case.3.follow up: take addition steps to further (a previous action)讓我們擔(dān)心的是恐怖分子在威脅之后會進(jìn)行炸彈攻擊。We are worried that terrorists will follow up their threats with bomb attacks.If you make a hotel b

5、ooking by phone, follow it up with written confirmation.Collocation:as follows 如下The result were as follows.to follow 下一個Ill have fish, with fruit to follow.10 / 104.in ones hands: in ones possession我的律師有了所有相關(guān)的證據(jù)。All the relevant facts are in my solicitors hands.His fathers company has been in his h

6、ands for many spective: adj. expected; probable; intendedThe chief function of direct-mail advertising is to familiarize prospective buyers with a product.這個世界聞名的大學(xué)收到近200名學(xué)生的申請表。This university of world fame had applications from nearly 200 prospective students.6.as I see it: in my opinio

7、nAs I see it, this press conference is the most successful one we have ever had.在我看來，這些錢足夠他在國外生活一年了。As I see it, the money is sufficient for seeing him through a year abroad.Collocation：see about 安排；采取行動see out 送出門，送到門口see to 負(fù)責(zé)，照料Its time for me to see about cooking dinner.Ill see you out.If I cook

8、 lunch, will you see to the children?7.(as) the saying goes: used to introduce a particular phrase that people often sayAs an old English saying goes, “If you want to live and thrive, let a spider run alive!”正如諺語所說，“無風(fēng)不起浪”。As the saying goes, “Theres no smoke without fire.”8.apply: v.1) request some

9、thing, esp. in writingAnyone who has a college degree can apply for the job.With admission criteria ranking among the most selective in the United States, Harvard accepted less than 20 percent of all who applied.2) bring or put into use需要用多少力量就用多少。Apply as much force as is necessary.3) have an effec

10、t; be directly related這項(xiàng)規(guī)則不適用。This regulation doesnt apply.9.endeavor:1. vt. (fml) tryYou must endeavor to improve your work.這個跨國公司一直盡力在最短的時間內(nèi)處理顧客的投訴。The multinational company always endeavors to deal with clients complaints as promptly as possible.The government has endeavored to forbid the employm

11、ent of children under the age of 16.2. n. Effort她盡可能地幫助我們。She made every endeavor to help us.The climbing of Mount Qomolangma was an outstanding example of human endeavor.endeavor, try & attempt這三個詞都可作動詞，有“嘗試”、“企圖” 、“努力”之意。endeavor 意思是“努力”、“盡力”，無“嘗試”之意，指為完成某事需付出的巨大努力，是書面語。例如：Galileo endeavored t

12、o prove that the earth rotates around the sun.伽利略盡力證明地球是繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)的try 意思是“嘗試”、“打算”，比endeavor 意思輕，指多次企圖去做某事。例如：she tried the little golden key in the lock.她試著用那把小小的金鑰匙開那把鎖。attempt 意思是“嘗試”、“努力”、“試圖（做某事）”，側(cè)重有某種動機(jī)并開始做，常有冒險(xiǎn)性和失敗的可能性，多用作書面語。例如：The swimmer attempted to cross the English Channel but failed.那個游泳選

13、手試圖橫渡英吉利海峽，但沒有成功。10.employment: n. 1) a persons trade or professionThe students, who are approaching the school-leaving age, endeavor to look for employment.快要畢業(yè)的學(xué)生都盡力找工作。2) the condition of having paid workThe economic depression caused a fall in the numbers in full-time employment.未受過高等教育的人在就業(yè)問題上常

14、遇到阻礙。People without higher education often face barriers in employment.do ones homework: make preparations beforehandHe had evidently done his homework and read his predecessors reports.在演講之前，他做了充分的準(zhǔn)備工作。He had done his homework before he delivered the speech.11,go after: try hard to obtain; chase在英語

15、演講比賽中，他去爭取得獎。He went after a prize in the English speech contest.你會不會去這個公司找工作？Are you planning to go after a position in this company?Collocation:go about 從事go against 違背；對不利go ahead 開始Fill in the blanks with the proper phrases:1) The case may go against you.2) The council gave us permission to go a

16、head with our building plans.3) How do you go about repairing this clock?12.incidentally: by the wayI really got to go now. Incidentally, dont forget to pay a visit to your mother tomorrow. She is expecting you.chuckle: v. laugh quietly看到她的驚訝，我輕輕一笑。I chuckled at the astonishment on her face.“Thats a

17、 bit heavy, isnt it?” he chuckled.13.rank:1. n. a position in the hierarchy of the armed force or SocietyHe was at last promoted to the rank of Captain.社會各階層的人都很關(guān)心這個案件。People of all ranks are very attentive to this case.2. v. be or put (in a certain class)這座城鎮(zhèn)在新英格蘭風(fēng)景區(qū)中名列前茅。This town ranks high among

18、 New England beauty spots.14.physical: adj.1) of or concerning the bodyRegular exercise enhances peoples sense of mental well being along with the general physical health.人類在膚色、眼睛顏色、體型及其他身體特征上都有所不同Human populations differ in their skin color, eye color, shape and other physical characteristics.2) of

19、 or according to the laws of natureIs there a physical explanation for these strange happenings?對這些怪現(xiàn)象有科學(xué)上的解釋嗎？It is a physical impossibility to be in two places at once.15.structure: n.1) the way in which parts are formed into a wholeMorphology is concerned with the structure of words, syntax with

20、the structure of phrases and sentences.不同的社會有不同的家庭構(gòu)造。The structure of the family varies from society to society.2) anything formed of many parts, esp. a buildingThe house was a handsome four-story brick structure.16.(in)adequate: adj.1) enough for the purpose, and no moreThe citys water supply is no

21、 longer adequate. 2) having the necessary ability or qualities我希望他能勝任這份工作。I hope he will be adequate to the job.adequate, ample & sufficientadequate 意為“剛好夠或合適”，著重指在數(shù)量或質(zhì)量上適合某種場合，或符合 某個客觀要求、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 例如：This book is adequate for the use of beginners.這本書適合初學(xué)者使用My salary is not adequate to support my fami

22、ly.我的薪水不足以養(yǎng)家。ample 指不但能達(dá)到應(yīng)有的程度或能滿足需要的程度，而且充足有余。例如：There is abundantly ample food for all.有豐裕的食物供大家吃。sufficient 通常用來表示數(shù)量之多能滿足或達(dá)到某種特殊的需求和目的。例如：Have you made sufficient investigation in this case?這個案件你作過充分的調(diào)查了嗎？He has sufficient knowledge and experience for the work.他具備足夠的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)應(yīng)付這件工作。17.deadline: n. a

23、time limit by which something must be doneTomorrow is the deadline for the students to hand in their term paper.由于種種原因，她錯過了交稅的最后期限。For one reason or another, she missed the deadline for income tax to be handed in.18.make a difference: change the situation or outlook; have an effect在異國旅行會不會講該國語言大不相同。

24、Speaking the language makes a lot of difference when you travel to another country.你干什么對我沒有絲毫影響。It doesnt make the least difference to me what you are doing.Collocation:make all the difference 大不相同settle a difference 消除分歧19.blurt: v. say (something which should not be said) suddenly and without thin

25、king他沒有考慮后果就脫口說出了那消息。He blurted out the news before he considered its effectAs soon as the teacher put forward the question, he blurted the answer out.20.pry: v. 1. vt. force sth. open or away from a surfaceCan you help me pry the cover off this wooden box without breaking it?你能不能幫我不打破這個木箱蓋而撬開它?Her

26、car trunk had been pried open and all her equipment was gone.2. vi. look or inquire closely and curiouslyDont pry into the affairs of others.Collocation:pry about 到處窺探pry into 窺探，打聽21.odds: n. (pl.) the probability that something will or will not happenThe odds are that he will fail his exam.她的馬只有10

27、%的可能性會贏。The odds are 10 to 1 that her horse will not win the race. Collocation:at odds with 與不一致odds and ends 零碎的事情22.in the neighborhood of: aboutI am hoping to buy an apartment in the neighborhood of $12,000.He has an annual salary in the neighborhood of $50,000.23.beyond anyones / ones wildest dr

28、eams: more than anyone/ one can ever imagineScientists have made an invention which is to change our lives beyond our wildest dreams.在10年前，我做夢也沒想到今天我會擁有自己的汽車Ten years ago it was beyond my wildest dreams that I could afford a car.24.sparkle: vi. shine in small flashesThe diamond ring sparkled in the

29、sunlight.The stone sparkles when properly cut.gleam, flicker, shimmer & sparklegleam 指通過模糊的媒介或在黑暗的背景上所看到穩(wěn)定的光。例如：A few scattered bars of light gleamed in the rain through the cottage windows. 在雨中，幾道分散的光柱透過農(nóng)舍的窗戶照射出來。flicker 表示分散的或不規(guī)則的閃動，多用于來形容火光。例如：The logs flickered in the grate.木材在壁爐中燃燒發(fā)光。shimme

30、r 指水面在亮光的映照之下所發(fā)出的柔和的光。例如：Velvet curtains with gold embroidery shimmered.天鵝絨窗簾的金絲刺繡熠熠生輝。sparkle 指吸收物體反射出來的不穩(wěn)定、但明亮的光。有時可以和glitter互換。例如：The sun sparkles wet grass.陽光在濕漉漉的草葉上閃閃發(fā)光。Text B1.adequate: adj. enough to meet a purposeDoes the facility have adequate locking devices on all outside doors? Overall,

31、 the service and breakfasts were good, and the rooms were of adequate standard.該設(shè)施所有外部的門是否具有足夠的鎖定裝置?2.tear: vt. separate or cause to separate abruptlyLet us denounce the visage and let us tear off the mask.Northern Lights tear the sky, pouring down, such as the dazzling light scattered.讓我們揭露它的真面目，撕破

32、它的假面具。3.scrap: n. a small fragment of something broken off from the whole除了一小片面包外，盤子里什么都沒有了。There is nothing but a scrap of bread left on the plate.4.wrench: vt. twist or pull violently or suddenly她一直想掙脫丈夫的控制，可都沒有成功。She was dreaming of wrenching herself free from her husbands grip, but all in vain.I

33、t is virtually impossible for a five-year-old girl to wrench a window off its hinges. 5.settled: adj. established in a desired position or placeThe transition to settled life also has a profound impact on the family.向穩(wěn)定生活的轉(zhuǎn)變對家庭也有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。Being settled and having a wonderful family would be a dream for

34、 most people. 6.disguise: vt. make unrecognizable在職場上，大多數(shù)人因?yàn)橄胍Ｗo(hù)自己，想要讓自己融入環(huán)境，常常逼不得已而去假裝。In the workplace, the majority of people often disguise to protect themselves, and try to integrate into the environment.Children love Halloween and Halloween parties because on this day, they can disguise themse

35、lves as personages or ghost as their imaginations will lead them.7.claim: vt. state to be true or existing他們聲稱獲得了民眾更多的捐款。They claimed they were receiving more public donations.Some people claim that this burden of responsibility is crushing the spirit of scientific inquiry.8.reckon: vt. expect, beli

36、eve, or suppose我們認(rèn)為他是世界上最好的籃球運(yùn)動員。We reckon him to be the best basketball player in the world.We can reckon with safety that at least half of the participants would support us.9.occupy: vt. require (time or space)Preparation for a suitable outfit would at least occupy half an hour. 軍事因素在國家安全中仍占有重要地位M

37、ilitary factors still occupy an important position in our national ricate: adj. having many complexly arranged elements; elaborateWe cannot help marveling at the intricate design of the crown.他優(yōu)雅的敘述、純美的想象、曲折的故事，常常給我們以意外的驚喜。He, with his elegant narration, beautiful imagination and intricate plots, often gives us pleasant surprises.11.clatter: vi. make a rattling soundThe iron-wheeled cart clattered down the street.吃飯時不要把刀叉弄得丁當(dāng)亂響。Dont clatter your knives and forks at tabl