人教版初二英語(yǔ)過(guò)去式講解以及練習(xí)(共11頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一般過(guò)去時(shí)【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)回顧】一、句子： 1、What did you do over the weekend? 2、On Saturday morning I cleaned my room. 3、How was your weekend? 4、It was great. 二、語(yǔ)法：一般過(guò)去時(shí)意義：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 構(gòu)成形式：主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 要掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)，首先要掌握動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則： 1、動(dòng)詞be的變化： 2、助動(dòng)詞do的變化：dodid (注：在過(guò)去時(shí)里助動(dòng)詞do沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化) 3、實(shí)

2、義動(dòng)詞的變化： 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成：一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ed。 【舉例】walkwalked playplayed以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞末尾只加d ?！九e例】loveloved decidedecided結(jié)尾是“輔音字母y ”的動(dòng)詞。先將y 變?yōu)閕，再加ed ?！九e例】studystudied carrycarried末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加ed 。 【舉例】stopstopped planplanned不規(guī)則變化在本單元中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有以下幾個(gè)： dodid gowent readreadseesaw getgotsitsat

3、 have/hashad am/iswas 4、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的幾種基本句型 肯定句“主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式其他”或者“主語(yǔ)waswere其他”。例：I played tennis last weekend. 我上周末打網(wǎng)球了。My school trip was great. 我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了。 否定句在主語(yǔ)后面加“didnt”或“wasntwerent”。例：The girl didnt play computer games yesterday afternoon. 這個(gè)女孩昨天下午沒(méi)玩電子游戲。Old Henry wasnt happy last Friday. 上星期五老亨利不高興。 一般疑問(wèn)

4、句“在句首加was、were、did”，句子中的其他過(guò)去式的詞改為原型?？隙ɑ卮馂椤癥es，主語(yǔ)did”，否定回答為“No，主語(yǔ)didnt”肯定回答為“Yes，主語(yǔ)waswere”，否定回答為“No，主語(yǔ)wasntwerent”。例： Did you go to the beach? 你們?nèi)ズ┝藛幔?Yes, we did.No, we didnt. 是的，我們?nèi)チ?。不，我們沒(méi)有。 Was your weekend OK? 你的周末過(guò)得還行吧？ Yes, it was.No, it wasnt. 是的，還行。不，不行?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】1、_ you _ soccer over the weeke

5、nd? A. Did, played B. Do, played C. Did, play D. Did, plaid 2、d you clean the room? _ A. Yes, I do B. No, I did C. Yes, I dont D .No, I didnt 特殊疑問(wèn)句：b.特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ did + 動(dòng)詞原形+ 主語(yǔ)+其他？例：What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪兒？a.特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + was/were + 主語(yǔ)+ 其他？上個(gè)周末你過(guò)得怎么樣？ _ _ you

6、r last weekend? 昨天他做了什么事情？ _ _ he do yesterday? 【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】：對(duì)下列句子中的劃線部分提問(wèn)。1. I got up at nine yesterday morning. _ _ you get up yesterday morning?2. We did our homework last night. _ _ you _ last night?3. They were in the supermarket last Sunday. _ _ they last Sunday? 4. My last weekend was kind of borin

7、g. _ _ your last weekend?（二）重點(diǎn)句型 1、What did you do over the weekend？/last week? 你在周末/上周做了些什么？ What did she do over the weekend? 她周末干了些什么？ What did they do over the weekend? 他們/她們周末干了些什么？ 在過(guò)去時(shí)中助動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。2、On Saturday morning, I played tennis. 在星期六上午我打了網(wǎng)球。 （1）介詞on用來(lái)表示時(shí)間時(shí)表示特指。 e.g. on a cold morning

8、 在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨 in the morning在早上on Sunday 在星期天 （3）play 玩，打，演奏 當(dāng)要表示演奏某種樂(lè)器時(shí)，要與定冠詞the連用。 e.g. play the piano, play the violin 當(dāng)它與表示球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞連用時(shí)，不用定冠詞。 e.g. play football, play baseball play with sb. 與一起玩耍 play with sth. 玩（東西） 3、How was your weekend? 你的周末過(guò)得怎樣？ “How一般疑問(wèn)句”用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)“某物或某事怎么樣？” e.g. How is your sister/

9、study? 你的妹妹/學(xué)習(xí)怎么樣？ 4、It was great! 好極了！/ 太棒了！ 例似的句子有 It was OK. 5、 “How about ?”“What about?” 怎么樣？這個(gè)句型是用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)消息、提供建議或征詢(xún)意見(jiàn)的。因?yàn)閍bout是介詞，動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞要加上-ing。 e.g. How about this film? It's interesting. 這部影片如何？很有趣。 How about playing football? Good idea! 去踢足球如何？好主意！ 三、重點(diǎn)單詞詞組與短語(yǔ) 1、visit my uncle 拜訪我叔叔 visit 參觀

10、（某地），拜訪（某人） e.g. I visited the factory over the weekend. 在周末我去參觀了這家工廠。 2、go shopping 去購(gòu)物 gov-ing 通常用來(lái)表示去進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。 e.g. go fishing 釣魚(yú)go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去劃船 go skating 去滑冰 3、a little difficult 有一點(diǎn)難 a little在這里用作狀語(yǔ)，表示程度“有一點(diǎn)，稍微”。 e.g. I'm a little cold/hungry 我有點(diǎn)冷/餓。 4、have a party 舉行一次聚會(huì)/晚會(huì) h

11、ave的用法有許多，除了作“有”講外，它與不同的詞搭配意義就不同： e.g. have breakfast 吃早餐have some water 喝點(diǎn)水 have a look 看一看 have a match 舉行比賽 在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中你會(huì)遇到have的更多用法，要用心去記憶。 5、do some reading 讀書(shū)，看些書(shū) 這是一個(gè)常用詞組，你可以通過(guò)更換do后面的詞，來(lái)表達(dá)不同的意思： e.g. do some writing 寫(xiě)點(diǎn)東西 do some washing 洗點(diǎn)衣服 do some cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生do some shopping 買(mǎi)點(diǎn)東西 6、watch vt.

12、觀看，看 e.g. watch TV / a film 看電視，看電影 watch sb. do sth. 觀看某人做某事 e.g. He likes watching children play. 他喜歡看孩子們玩耍。 7、spend 花費(fèi)，度過(guò) （1）spend money on sth 花錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物（在上花錢(qián)） e.g. I spent 5 yuan on the book. 我花了5元錢(qián)買(mǎi)這本書(shū)。 （2）spend e.g. I spend two hours (in) doing my homework every day. 我每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。 （3）度過(guò) e.g. Where

13、did you spend your weekend? 你在哪里度的周末？ 8、have a party舉行一個(gè)聚會(huì)，此處的have 意為舉行，進(jìn)行,召開(kāi)。如：have a meeting 開(kāi)會(huì) have a swim 游泳9、It was time to have lunch。該吃午飯了。= It was time for lunch。該吃午飯了。 It is time to do sth =It is time for sth 是一個(gè)非常重要的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，意為該做某事，或是做某事的時(shí)候了。 It is time to read English 該讀英語(yǔ)了。 It was time to go

14、 to the movie.去看電影的時(shí)間到了。四、文化背景，交際策略 1、英美人士周末喜愛(ài)去鄉(xiāng)村度假，或去野營(yíng)（camping）等等，周一便能精神飽滿地重新開(kāi)始工作。 而周一同學(xué)、同事好友再見(jiàn)面時(shí)，往往會(huì)詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方周末過(guò)得如何，怎樣過(guò)的。這是很常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)話題詢(xún)問(wèn)或應(yīng)答時(shí)常運(yùn)用以下句型： How was your weekend? 你周末過(guò)得如何？It was very great! 太棒了?；騃t wasnt very good. 不是太好！亦可問(wèn)： What did you do over the weekend? 你在周末期間做了些什么？ I did my homework. 我做了作業(yè)。

15、【過(guò)手訓(xùn)練】五、單項(xiàng)選擇( )1、How your weekend? It great . But I tired (累)now A. was, was, am B. is , was, was C. is, is , am D. is, is , was( )2、What did you do? I . A. play tennis B. played tennis C. study science D. studyed science( )3、I think everyone their weekends. A. enjoy B. enjoys C. like D. liking( )4、

16、It is time to school. A. to go B. go C. goes D. went( )5、Please dont your pencil in class. A. play B. played C. played with D. play with( )6、What is your father? Hes a teacher. your father? Hes a doctor. A. How is B.Where is C. What about D. What( )7、Old Henry watched Wang Wang near his house. A. wa

17、lked B.walks C. walking D. walk( )8、Last month I a new song. A. write B. writes C. wrote D. to write ( ) 9、 Where you last Monday? I went to the library. A. do go B.did go C.does go D. did went( )10、Did you eat in the morning? No, I didnt eat . A. something anything B. anything anything C. something

18、 something D.anything something六、完形填空 Last month, Mr, and Mrs. Brown 1 to a big city for a day rest(休息). They 2 to go to the movies and have lunch 3 . Mrs Brown 4 happy (高興)because she didnt like to 5 at home every day. After an action movie it was 12 6 . They wanted 7 something. They saw a restaura

19、nt. And there 8 a notice (告示)“Nice 9 for you , from 12:30 to2:30, $1.50.”“Wow! I like it .”Mrs Brown said.“I can eat for two hours(小時(shí)) for only 10 money.”( ) 1. A went B. go C. goes D. to go( )2. A. want B. wanted C. wants D.needed( )3. A. here B. there C. home D. where( )4. A. are B. is C. was D. w

20、ere( )5. A. cooked B. cooks C. cook D. to cook( )6. A. day B. hours C. minute D. oclock( )7. A. eat B. to eat C. played D. to play( )8. A. am B. was C. is D. were( )9. A. lunch B. breakfast C. supper D. apples( )10. A. little B. a little C. many D.a七. 升級(jí)訓(xùn)練-選擇填空( )1.The talk show _ really great. A. a

21、re B. is C. were D. am( )2.Tina _ her grandmother three days ago. A. visits B. is visiting C. visited D. visit( )3._ you _ soccer over the weekend? A. Did, played B. Do, played C. Did, play D. Did, plaid ( )4.He saw _ on TV. A. something terrible B. terrible something C. somethings terrible D. terri

22、ble some thing( )5.I did my homework .It was _ difficult.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little( )6.I studied _ the math test. A. on, B. at C. for D. in( )7.He enjoys _ very much. A. play the football B. playing football C. playing the football D. to play football( )8.-_ you work hard _? -Yes, I did.

23、A. Do , all day B. Did , all day C. Do , all day D. Did , all the day( )9.When he_ young there _ not so much food for him.A. is, is B. was, is C. is , was D. was, was( )10.She likes playing _ basketball. He likes playing _ guitar.A. the, the B. a , a C. /, the D. the, /( )11.He _ his homework, he _

24、to the library.A. didnt do, went B. didnt did, goes C. didnt do, go D. did not , went( )12.I played soccer _ my friends _ Sunday afternoon.A. with, in B. with, on C. and, on D. and , at( )13.It was time for Old Henry _.A. go home B. went home C. to go home D. to go to home( )14.He stayed at home, _

25、he?A. did B. does C. doesnt D. didnt( )15.For you , its useful to do more _.A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading( .) 16.Did you clean the room? _ A. Yes, I do B. No, I did C. Yes, I dont D .No, I didnt( )17.When _ your brother born? A. was B. is C. were D. are ( )18.Is that _ interesting novel ? Y

26、es, but it is _ difficult.A. an, a little B. a, a bit C. a, little D. an, a few( )19._ your sister _ the vacation?A. How do, spend B. How did, spend C. What do, spent D. How does, spent( )20. His father _in Beijing now. Last year he _ in Dalian. A. worked , working B. works , working C. is working,

27、worked D. is working ,works 二補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 (A)A: What _1_ you do last night? You _2_ so tired. B: I _3_ to sleep very late last night.A: _4_ you out somewhere ? B :No, I _5_.A: Did you do all your homework? B: No, I _6_.A: I just want _7_ tell you we are not going to have the test today. B; Oh, no! I _8_ for

28、 it all last night.(B)A: Hi, Ann! How _9_ your weekend? B: It was _10_.A: Oh, really? What _11_ you do over the weekend? B: I _12_ a good rest and _13_ some beautiful cities.A: Where did you _14_? B: I _15_ to Wuxi and Suzhou.A: That sounds exciting! B: _16_ _17_ you? Did you have a nice weekend?A:

29、No, I _18_. I stayed at home and did my homework.三 句型轉(zhuǎn)換（20分）1.I played the guitar over the weekend.(對(duì)畫(huà)線提問(wèn)) What _ you _ over the weekend?2.Every week he goes to the library.(用last week 改寫(xiě)) _ week he _ to the library.3.Jims weekend was very great.(對(duì)環(huán)線提問(wèn)) _ _ Jims weekend?4.I had a busy holiday. (變否定句

30、) I _ _ a busy holiday.5.Tina saw an interesting talk show last night.(變一般疑問(wèn)句) _ Tina_ an interesting talk show last night? 6.He did his homework after school yesterday. ( 變否定句) He _ _ his homework after school yesterday.7.My sister often reads books on Sundays.(同義句) My sister often _ some _ on Sund

31、ays.8.Did you play football yesterday? (給出肯定/否定答語(yǔ)) Yes, I _./No, I _.9.She cleaned the room last weekend.(變一般疑問(wèn)句) _ she _ the room last weekend?10.They went to the beach last weekend ? (對(duì)畫(huà)線提問(wèn)) _ _ _ _ last weekend?四.完成句子（12分） 1.在假期期間你做了什么? What _ you do _ vacation?2.他們周六晚上開(kāi)了個(gè)晚會(huì). They _ a party _ Sat

32、urday evening.3.你的周末過(guò)得怎么樣? _ _ your weekend?4.昨晚我沒(méi)有看電視 I _ _ TV last night.5.我們每天練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ) We _ _ English every day.6.在星期六上午我打網(wǎng)球并打掃房間_Saturday morning , I _tennis and cleaned my room.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞的變化（一）、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞： 1、一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited 2、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-

33、lived ,love-loveed-loved 3、以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞將 "y" 變?yōu)?"i" 再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried 4、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母,再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped （二）、不規(guī)則變化1、AAA型，即原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞三者都相同。（共9個(gè)） costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letle

34、tlet putputput readreadread setsetset shutshutshut 2、ABB型，即過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞相同。（共41個(gè)） （1）過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都含有 -ought。（3個(gè)） bringbroughtbrought buy boughtbought thinkthought thought （2）詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個(gè)） buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lent sendsentsent spendspent spent （3）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有 -aught。（2個(gè)） catchcaughtcaught tea

35、chtaughttaught （4）把-eep變?yōu)?ept。（3個(gè)） keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept （5）把-ell變?yōu)?old。（2個(gè)） telltoldtold sellsoldsold （6）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。（4個(gè)） smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt felt spillspiltspilt （7）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。（3個(gè)） learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt （8）過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞詞尾是d。（4個(gè)） saysaidsaid paypaidpaid laylaidlaid hearheardheard （9）改變?cè)糇帜?。?1個(gè)） meetmetmet getgotgot sitsats