人教版英語七年級上冊教材詳解

1、人教版英語七年級上冊教材詳解Unit 11、How are you?你好嗎？How is he ?他好嗎？I' m fine. = I ' m OK.= I' m very well. （fine,OK, we用司，表身體好的）2、What' s this inEnglishIt' s a ruler. （ in Englis用英語）Spell it, please. = How do you spell it ?請拼寫出來R-U-L-E-R.3、問顏色： What color is it ? - It ' s black and white.W

2、hat color are they ? -They are red.4、問姓名： What' s your/ her/ his name ?5、人稱代詞、物主代詞人稱 代詞主格賓格物主代詞形容詞性 物主代詞名詞性 物主代詞我Ime我的mymine我們Weus我們的ourours你/你們Youyou你/你們的youryours他Hehim他的hishis她Sheher她的herhers它Itit它的itsits他們Theythem他們的theirtheirs人稱代詞：表某人”，分主格、賓格（作主語為主格，常放句首；作賓語為賓格，常放動詞或介詞后作賓語）如： 1 can help you

3、 Can you help me.物主代詞：表 某人的”，可分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主 代詞后必須接賓語，名詞性物主代詞后不接賓語。如This is my book.= This book is mine.變化規(guī)則：一變（mymine）;二留（his his its-its）三力口 s（youryours ; ourours ; herhers ; theirtheirs） 練習(xí)題： am a 14-year-old girl, name is Jane. Look, this photo is . father is a teacher. works in a pri

4、mary school. students all love . mother is a doctor. works in a hospital. both love jobs. I have a happy family. Do you have a family photo ? Please talk about Unit 21、指示代詞：this , that , these , those. 其中this , that 一般與可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)連用或代替 單數(shù)名詞，而不與不可數(shù)名詞連用。these, those接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞（但 that可單獨(dú)指代不可數(shù)名詞）。練習(xí)題 This

5、apple is mine, is yours. These my apples and yours. The weather here is hotter than in Hainan.（4） My books are different from on your desk.2、一般疑問句，用 yes或no來回答的問句。動詞be提前，some改anyThere are some students in the room. there students in the room?情態(tài)動詞(can, could, would, should, may, must等表語氣)提前He can spea

6、k English. f he speak English ?使用助動詞(do/does/did)來幫助實(shí)義動詞構(gòu)成問句。后接動詞原形，some改any.He has some friends. f he friends.【注意】一般情況下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑問句、條件狀語從句（但表請求、建議，希望得到對方的肯定的回答的問句中可用some,此類句型常以 couldwould開頭）題： Would you like tea ? Could you take tea to me .3、特殊疑問句：以疑問詞開始的問句。其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)有：疑問詞+ be +主語？Who are you

7、 ?What is your name ?What is your favorite subject ?Where is the baseball ?How much is it ?When is your birthday ?疑問詞+助動詞+主語+謂語動詞+ （其他）？What kind of movie do you like ?What time do you usually get up ?Why do you like art ?4、助動詞do/ does / did的用法：幫助對實(shí)義動詞提問或否定，后接動詞原形。（1） Do/Does/Didlike/have/go/want/th

8、ink/play喜歡嗎？有嗎？去嗎？ .） don' t / doesn ' t/ didn ' t like/have/go/want/think/而喜歡、沒有不去、不想 ）5、短語 ：call sb. at + 電話號：Please call me 5689000.Unit 31、介紹他人，人稱關(guān)系詞This is my mother / father / brother/ friend /sister/uncle/ daughter/ son2、指示代詞 this , that , these , those 的用法。Those are my two brothe

9、rs. And that' s my sister.3、短語：Thanks for （doing） sth. = Thank you for （doing ） sth.謝謝（做）某事。Thanks for . （listen）謝謝收聽 Thanks for your letter.謝謝你的來信。Unit 41、方位介詞 on/ in / under的用法：（on在 上；in在里；under在下）My book is on/in/under the desk.2、take, bring, fetch 的用法：take sth. to sb./some place.把某物拿到某人/某地（t

10、ake拿走，從說話者處拿到遠(yuǎn)處）bring sth. to sb. /some place.把某物帶到某人/某地（bring帶來，從遠(yuǎn)處帶到說話者處）fetch sth for sb. =fetch sb. sth. 為某人去取某物 （先去再回，強(qiáng)調(diào)雙向） 練習(xí)題： I' m thirsty. Can you something to drink me?The teacher said"Don' t forget to your homework school.”The teacher asked me to his books his office.3、need的用

11、法：need to do sth.(用于肯定句，后接動詞不定式，當(dāng)做實(shí)義動詞);needn ' t do sth!(于否定句后常接動詞原形，當(dāng)做情態(tài)動詞。)題： She need you. (tell ) She needn ' t you. (tell)Unit 51、have表 有 吃喝"時是實(shí)義動詞（有意義的動詞），在一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中，當(dāng)主語為單 數(shù)第三人稱時，用 has,其他人稱用have.題： She a brother. They bread and milk for breakfast every day. （have）2、many和much都表很多“，但

12、many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而 much后接不可數(shù)名詞。題：There are vegetables and milk in the fridge.3、let, make, have當(dāng)他們表 使“時，是使令動詞，后常接動詞原形。題： let 's home. （go） The movie made me . （cry） I would have him for me. （wait）Unit 6可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則：一般加s,大多數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)后直接加"s"如：book books pen一 penss; sh; ch; x 結(jié)尾力口 es 如：busf buses

13、 watch fwatches boxf boxes 輔+y”結(jié)尾變 y 為 i 力口 es 如：baby babies family families但注意以下幾點(diǎn)特殊的：無規(guī)則名詞：manmen ; woman women ; policeman policemen ; Englishman Englishmen child - children ； foot feet ; tooth - teeth mouse（鼠）mice一般以“o結(jié)尾的，力口 “或口： photo photos; kilo kilos ;但初中有四個以“鼎尾的可數(shù)名詞要加 “esIP: negro negroes（黑

14、人）；hero heroes（雄）；potato-potatoes（土豆）；tomatotomatoes （番茄）一般以 f （fe）結(jié)尾則變 f（fe）為 v 加 es 如：leaf leaves knife knives;但roof （房頂）直接加s ,即：roof roofs單復(fù)同形 ：fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese名詞修飾名詞，第一個名詞充當(dāng)形容詞，所以第一個名詞常不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如；a book shop two book shops但有以下2種特殊情況。由man , woman表性別，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，man和woman也要用復(fù)數(shù)形

15、式。a man doctor - two men doctors; a woman teacher f two women teacherssport常用復(fù)數(shù)形式修飾后面的名詞a sports meeting; a sports jacket 某國人”的復(fù)數(shù)：中日不變英法變，其余 s加后面.eg. GermanGermans people , police 常用單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)概念The police are looking for the missing boy.t. They re題：()1.Are those?- No, they arenA. sheep ; cowsB. sheep

16、; cowC. sheeps ; cowD. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, I ' m quite thirsty. Please give meA. two orangeB. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orangeD. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have gotnews from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.Mrs. Green has two. T

17、hey' re very bright.A. childs B. child C. children ' D. children( )5.The cat caught two last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices（ ）6.Jack went to have two pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes（ ）7.In our school there are fifty-five.A. women teachers B. w

18、oman teachersC. women teacher D. woman ' s teacher（ ）8.The three will be put into prison.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs 'Unit 71、不定冠詞a, an用于可數(shù)名詞前，都表 匕（個、只、張 ）”a用在輔音音素開頭的詞前如：a book; a useful book;a u° an用于元音音素開頭的詞前 .如：an apple; an umbrella; an hour; an "F"題：（ ）1.There

19、is "s" in word"bus".A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a（ ）2.Math is useful subject. You can.' t drop itA. an B. a C. the D. /2、take的用法： 拿走： Who has taken my pen ? 買下（同 buy） It ' s ten dollars, I ' ll take it. 乘,搭車 I take a bus to school.（4） 花費(fèi) It takes me ten ye

20、ars to finish the work. 記錄 take notes 記筆記；take photos 照相； take one ' s temperature體溫（6） 服 （藥）（=have） Take this medicine after each meal.【總結(jié)】take短語還有：take/have a bath/shower洗個澡；take /have a walk散一散步take off 脫下，起飛；take away 拿走；take in 吸收；take it easy 別緊張；take out 取出;take over 接管；take place 發(fā)生；take

21、 up 占據(jù)（空間）3、at和in的用法：At和in都可以接地名，表在某地。At后接小地名，in后接大地名。但如果強(qiáng)調(diào)在某建筑物內(nèi)部時，用 in.如：at school, at home, in Beijing, in China, at/in the library.題： He' ll arrive Shanghai tomorrow .4、 at a priced種的價格： W e got it at a very low/good price.5、afford表買得起，負(fù)擔(dān)的起“，常與can, be able to, could等表能”的情態(tài)動詞連用。 I can afford

22、a car. He isn ' t able to afford （to buy）a car.6、have a look 看一看Let me have a look.have a look at 看一看某物 Let me have a look at your watch.7、 on sale （廉價）出售： The clothes are on sale.8、in + 顏色： We have T-shirts in red/ green.（此處 in 表 處于某種狀態(tài)”） Do you know the girl in red ?（此處 in 表 穿著”）9、 短語：see for

23、oneself 親自看： Come and see for yourself.10、for是一個介詞，用法有： 為：I can do anything for you. 給：This letter is for you. 對于 It is important for us to learn English well. 適合于 books for children.（表時間，距離，數(shù)量 ）達(dá)，計：I ' ll stay there for a week.11、help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事(help后接動詞不定式或動詞原形)題： She often helpst

24、he room. (A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to cleaning )Unit 81、問生日： When is your birthday? - It ' s January fourth.2、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法：基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾要加 th。一二三，特殊記；詞尾分別tdd。八去t ,九去e ;ve則以f替，ty則變作ti ;后面還有一個e。要是遇到幾十幾；只將個位變成序。onefirsttwo second three third eight eighth nine ninthfive fifth twelve twelfthtwent

25、ytwentieth twenty-one twenty-first題： Today is the of March.(九) He is the person.(十二)unit 91、go to a movie 去看電影2、助動詞do/does的用法。3、What kind (of ) 用來問種類:What kind (of movie) do you like ?4、too, as well, also, either 都表 也“，不同用法有：too和as well都用于肯定句末，可互換，但too前常用逗號隔開.I ' m a student. He is a student as

26、well/too. also用于肯定句中(位于系動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后，行為動詞之前)如：He is also a student. He also likes English. either 用于否定句末。I ' mot a student, heisn ' a student either.5、短語：learn about 學(xué)習(xí)，了解 know about 得知，了解6、短語：on weekends7、名詞所有格：名詞謨思是“的”)有生命的名詞所有格，一般在后加“但注意： 表兩者共有則在后者加表 各自的”則分別在每人頭上加°s”Lucy and Lily '

27、s fa He!和莉莉的父親(共有的)Jim ' s and Lily ' sfather核親和莉莉的父親.(Jim和Lily各自的)以s結(jié)尾的詞只加“”如： the boys ' booksD James' father無生命的名詞所有格用of來引導(dǎo)如：the leg of the desk(4)雙重所有格：a friend of my father ' sa friend of mine ( V ) a friend of my(x )題：( )1.room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy a

28、nd Lily ' sC. Lucy ' s and Lily D. Lucy ' s and Lily' s( )2.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a to his office.A. 20 minutes ' walk B. 20 minute ' s walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walkUnit 101、情態(tài)動詞can的用法。2、join加入(人群，組織，成為其中一員)：join usjoin the chess club.take part in 參力口 (活動)：

29、take part in the contest.冠詞1、不定冠詞a, ana用在輔音音素開頭的詞前如：a book; a useful book; a u"'an用于元音開頭的詞前.如：an apple; an hour;an " F"2、定冠詞the特指某人/某物，表 這，那”The book on the desk is mine.世上獨(dú)一無二的事物前the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky形、副最高級及序數(shù)詞前The third boy is the tallest of all.【注意】當(dāng)這些詞前已有其他限定詞

30、，如物主代詞、指示代詞時，則不能再用theHe is my first English teacher.(4) the +姓的復(fù)數(shù)表示某家人”或某夫婦"；the +形容詞 表一類人，作主語是復(fù)數(shù)The Greens are visiting Beijing 格林一家正在參觀北京。 The poor live hard .窮人生活艱辛。(類似有：the rich, the old, the young 后面省略了 people) 樂器前力口 the .如 play the piano/ guitar/ violin3、不用冠詞的幾種情況： 在星期、月份、季節(jié)前不用冠詞on Monday

31、; in January; in winter.學(xué)科名詞前 learn English球類，棋類等運(yùn)動及早、中、晚三餐名詞前()1.Mary is cleverer of the two girls.A. the B. a C. an D. much()2.young must look after old.A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the()3.earth is one of planets.A. The ; sun ' B. The ; the sun C. The ; the sun ' D. The ; the su

32、ns '( )4.Kate sometimes plays violin( 小提琴)and sometimes plays table tennis beforesupper. ( A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; / )Unit 111、what time表幾點(diǎn)”，常用來問小時間；when表什么時候”，既可以問小時間(=Whattime),也可以問大時間，如：哪年，哪月，哪天，此時不用 What time oWhat time/ When do you get up ? - At six o ' clock.When is y

33、our birthday ? It ' s November second.2、listen聽，是個不及物動詞，不能直接接賓語，需加to才能接賓語。如；Please listen me. ( x ) iisienetasme.( V)類似的詞有： wait for 等；look at 看著； arrive at/in 到達(dá)；get to 到達(dá)；go to 去； talk about 談?wù)?；talk with/to 和某人談3、表喜歡厭惡等心理活動的動詞，大多數(shù)都能接動詞不定式或動名詞(v-ing)，但enjoy后只能接動名詞。如： love/like/prefer/hate to do

34、 sth. 或 love/like/prefer/hate doing sth.比較I like to play basketball我喜歡里丁籃球（還沒打籃球）I like playing basketball.我喜歡經(jīng)常打籃球4、job表職業(yè)，可數(shù)名詞；work表 工作，做的事”，不可數(shù)名詞。題： He has a as a teacher. He has a lot of to do every day.【擴(kuò)展】work做可數(shù)名詞時，表 作品，著作“，常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：the works of Luxun.4、around常作介詞，表： 在周圍 We sat around the table

35、. 大約 =about） : I usually get up around 6 o ' clock. 至U處 around the world = all over the world = throughout the world 全世界5、start/ begin doing sth. = start / begin to do sth. 開始做某事。I started to learn/ learning English at the age of 6.但有3種情況后只能跟to do。主語是物。begin和start本身為ing形式。它們后 的動詞與想法，感情有關(guān)時。所以當(dāng)兩個答

36、案同時出現(xiàn)時，應(yīng)選 to do.The trees begin green. （A. to turn B. turning） I am beginning my homework. （A. to do B. doing）She started me. （A. to understand B. understanding ）6、tell sb. about 告訴某人關(guān)于 Please tell me about yourself.tell sb. sth.告訴某人某事：Please tell me the truth.7、辨析 tell; talk; say; speaktell表 告訴，講述“

37、，常后接人或事情作賓語。Tell me the truth.talk表交談”,是不及物動詞，常與 with/to/about搭配使用再接賓語 say表說”后接說話的內(nèi)容做賓語。I say : you are wrong.speak表 餅”后直接接某種語言作賓語。Speak English.題：（1） Our English teacher often us stories in English.A. tellsB. speaksC. talks D. says（2） I don ' t understand what you said. Can you it in EnglishA.

38、tellB. speakC. talk D. say8、take sb. to 某地（送某人到某地） The bus usually takes him to work at 19:15.take sth with sb.某人隨身帶著：Don' t forget to take a camera with you.9、in the morning 在（每天）早晨； on a morning 在（某天）早晨【總結(jié)】in用于大時間前（年，月，周）或用于一些習(xí)慣短語中。on用于具體某一天前, 或某天上午，下午等前。at用于小時間前（幾點(diǎn)幾分）題：1.the morning 2.Monday

39、morning 3.a rainy evening 4.3:505._ 20026.the morning of April 107.spring 8.night9. this time 10. March10、短語：tell sb. about sth.告訴某人有關(guān) 的情況Please write to me and tell me about your moring.1、短語：write to sb.寫信給某人=write a letter to sb.Unit 12 1、tired疲勞的，累的【短語】 be tired from/ with 因而疲勞 He is tired from w

40、ork.（2）厭煩的【短語】be tired of （doing） sth.厭煩（做）某事 I am tired of studying.2、busy表繁忙的“短語有：We are busy preparing our exams these days.be busy doing sth.忙于做某事3 strict 表 “嚴(yán)格的 ” ，短語有： be strict with sb. 對某人嚴(yán)格要求His father is strict with him. be strict in sth. 對某事嚴(yán)格要求We should be strict in (doing) our work.4 as

41、k 表 “問；要求；邀請等 ”，常見短語有： ask sb. about sth.詢問某人有關(guān) 的情況。 He often asks me about the weather. ask/tell sb. to do sth. 要求某人去做某事My father always asks me to study hard. ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物：The beggar often asks me some food.刃B個乞丐經(jīng)常 ask sb. for help 向某人尋求幫助 you can ask the police for help.5 any 常用于疑問句，條件狀語從句，否定句中 . 用于疑問句，條件狀語從句，否定句中，表 “一些 ” 。 Are there any people ? If you have any trouble,