2017年高二英語暑期作業(yè)復習方法策略15講第3講數(shù)詞、代詞及主謂一致的5個歌訣與3種方法

1、第 3 講數(shù)詞、代詞及主謂一致的 5 個歌訣與 3 種方法備考指導丨數(shù)詞、代詞及主謂一致是歷年高考中的必考點，對于代詞的考查不同的省份考 查的形式不同，有的是以單項填空的形式，有的是以語法填空的形式，有的是以短文改錯的形式進行考查。數(shù)詞的用途是很廣的，尤其是在寫作中。 對主謂一致的考查形式通常是單項填空或短文改錯，它的用途是最廣的，每一個句子都要涉及到主謂一致。一、5 個歌訣幫你牢記相關知識1 人稱代詞用法歌訣人稱代詞分兩路，主格賓格來分說。主格句中作主語，賓語用的是賓格。人稱代詞也有數(shù)， 單數(shù)復數(shù)莫用錯。單個代詞作句子，主語也應用賓格。例如：一Tom come here!Me?2 物主代詞用

2、法歌訣物主代詞兩類型，形容詞性、名詞性。形容詞性作定語，后面定把名詞用。名詞性獨立用， 主賓表語它都充。3 反身代詞用法歌訣反身代詞莫亂用，能作句中賓（賓語）、表（表語）、同（同位語），主語、定語不能用，固定搭配要記清。4 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞歌訣一、二、三，特別例，結尾字母t, d, doth，四加起，八去 t，九去 e, y 要用 ie 替。ve必須變 f, five , twelve 是倆兄弟。若是遇到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。5 英語分數(shù)巧記歌訣英語分數(shù)不費事，“母序子基”四個字，分子若是大于一，分母還需加-s。二、3 種解題方法方法 1 明確指代法在解答代詞題目時，我們應首先分析前后文，明確

3、代詞所指代的對象，從而避免誤判。具體說來應從以下幾方面考慮：（1）代詞指代的是人還是物；（2）代詞指代的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可 數(shù)名詞；（3）代詞指代的是特指還是泛指概念；（4）代詞指代的概念是表示兩者之間還是三者或三者以上；（5）代詞所表示的是肯定還是否定概念。【典例展示 1】（2016 全國卷n）It does not cost many, yet we can still learn alot._2答案 man 尸 much解析 本句中代詞 much 代替不可數(shù)名詞 muchmoney 作動詞 cost 的賓語，而 many 通常代替 可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式。故many 改為 much?！镜淅?/p>

4、示 2 Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of myfriends who had been there before said _was a wonderful holiday destination.答案 it解析 從空后的 a wonderful holiday destination 可以知道，這個地方就是Miami，用 it指代前面提到的地點。故答案為it。方法 2 理清邏輯法理清邏輯法主要是通過分析上下文所蘊涵的邏輯關系才能做出正確判斷。具體說來應從以下方面去考慮：（1）代詞所表示的范圍；（

5、2）代詞表示的是全部否定還是部分否定?！镜淅故?1 丨（2016 全國卷n）If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your viewand gain kno wledge we cannot get from books._答案 yourTour解析由前面的we go on a trip ”和we can broaden ”可知，應把 your 改為 our。【典例展示 2 Now it occurred to_ that his farm had much potential and thatthe death of the cow was a

6、 bit of luck.答案 him解析 由前文 可知，此處指突然發(fā)生在他身上的事情。It occurs/occurred tosb.that .“某人突然想到”。故答案為him。方法 3 分清主語、找準謂語法做主謂一致的題目時，由于在句子中，有一些主語容易受到別的詞的影響，往往造成一些理解上的錯誤，如主語后面接with , together with , along with , but , as well as 等短語時，謂語應與前面的名詞保持一致，記?。褐^語動詞的單復數(shù)要和主語中的中心詞取得一致。【典例展示 1】（2016 浙江高考）He would ask who we was an

7、d pretend not to knowus._答案 wasrwere解析 主語是 we,故應把謂語 was 改為 were。3【典例展示 2 Two fifths of the land in that district _ （be） covered with treesand grass.答案 is 解析 is 謂語與 the land 致，用單數(shù)?！镜淅故?3 He is the only one of the stude nts who_ (be) a winner ofscholarship for three years.答案 has bee n解析 謂語應與 the only

8、 one 一致，又由 for three years可知用完成時。跟蹤訓練【考點突破】1.用所給動詞的適當形式填空1 . The factory used 65 percentof the raw materials , the rest of which_ (save) for other purposes.2._One third of the country(cover) with treesand the majority ofthe citize ns_ (be) black people.3._ The writer and translator (be) delivering a

9、 speech in ourschool now.4.He or I_(be) to go.5._ (be) not only the students but also their teacher required to attend themeeti ng?6.Ten years_ (be) a moment in history.7._ A third of his compositions(have) been corrected.8.The unknown_ (be) always something to be feared.9.Either you or the headmast

10、er _(be) to hand out the prizes to those giftedstude nts at the meeti ng.10. Every possible means_ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the skyis still not clear.n.單句改錯1.Mine own experienee can serve as a case in point._2.I think I can improve me a lot in this way, because where there is a will,

11、thereis a way._3.As time goes on, people will know yourself better and be willing to make friendswith you._44.For quite a number of children,their teachers advice ismore acceptable than one of their pare nts5.Give me a challenge , and I will meet them with joy._6.Tom have been reading that book all

12、the morning so he is tired now._7.As everybody knows, politics are now taught in all schools._8.Kate, one of my good friends, come from Guangzhou._9.As we all know, people speaks English all over the world._10. It is the parents and their son that wants to buy the bicycle._【能力提升】I閱讀理解Gold Coast them

13、e parks come in all shapes and sizes and whether you like roller coasters（ 過山車）or patting furry animals, you re sure to find something.Movie WorldMovie world is the only movie-related theme park in Australia.With one of the best coast and a goodhandful of movie-related rides , you ll experienee a fu

14、n-filledadventure with the glamour of Hollywood.Get “behind the seenes” movie information and stunt（ 特技）shows to keep the whole family en terta ined for the best part of a day.Con tact In formatio nPhone： 07-5573-8485Address : Pacific Motorway , Oxenford , Queensland 4210Sea WorldWith an obvious emp

15、hasis on things that live in the water , Sea World has a fantastic range of fish ,sharks , dolphins , seals , polar bears and other animals in the water.With a bunch of great rides ,water slides and roller coasters , Sea World is known as the best all-r ound theme park on the GoldCoast.Con tact In f

16、ormatio nPhone： 07-5588-2222Address : Sea World Drive , Main Beach , Queensland 4217Tropical Fruit World5Home of the world s largest variety of tropical fruits , it s free to get in and6shop for varieties of strange and wonderful fruits , or you can pay to check out theplantation safaris（ 游獵）, mini

17、train rides, jungle cruises（ 叢林大漂流 ）and fruittasting shows.Admission is - 32 for adults and - 15 for kids and free for kids under 5.Con tact In formatio nPhone： 02-6677-7222Address : Duranbah Road , Duranbah , NSW 2487Currumbi n Wildlife San ctuaryCrocodiles , kangaroos , koalas and almost all of th

18、e other famous Australiannativeanimals are living in Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary.You can look at them, feed andpat some of them or just experienee the fantastic27-hectare bush land setting anoasis of wildlife among the Gold Coast bustle（喧鬧）.Con tact In formatio nPhone： 07-5534-1266Address : 28 Tome

19、win Street Currumbin1.If you want to watch stunt showsA. Movie WorldB. Sea WorldC. Tropical Fruit WorldD. Currumbin Wildlife SanctuaryA. Movie WorldB. Sea WorldC. Tropical Fruit WorldD. Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary3.We can take a jungle cruise at_A. Pacific Motorway , Oxenford , Queensland 4210B. Se

20、a World Drive , Main Beach , Queensland 4217,Queensland 4223,you can go to_2.If you like sea animals,you can go to_7C. 28 Tomewin Street Currumbin , Queensland 4223D. Duranbah Road , Duranbah, NSW 248784.If a father and his 4-year-old son want to visit Tropical Fruit World, they shouldpay_ .A. 15 B.

21、 30C. 32 D. 47n.完形填空My son Joey was born with clubfeet （ 畸形足） .The doctors told us that with treatment he would be ableto walk normally _1_ would never run very well.The first threeyears of his life were spent in _2_. By the time he was eight , you _3_ he hada problem when you saw him walk.The child

22、ren in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, andJoey would _4_ and play , too.We _5_ told him that he probably wouldn t be able to _6_ aswell as the other children.So he didn t know.In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross country _7_. Every day he trained with thet

23、eam.He worked harder and ran more than any of the others perhaps he _8_ that the abilities thatseemed to come 9 to so many others did not come naturally to him.Although the _10 team runs , onlythe top seven runners have the potential（可能性）to _11_points for the school.We didn t tell him he probably wo

24、uld never_12 the team , so he didn t know.He _13_ to run four to five miles a day, every day even the day he had a 103-degree fever.I was_14_ , so I went to look for him after school.I found him running allaloneasked him how he felt.“_ 15_, ” he said.He had two more miles to go.Thesweat _16_ his fac

25、e and his eyes were glassy from his fever.Yethe _17_straightahead and kept running.Wenever toldhim he couldn t run four miles with a 103-degree9fever.So he didn t know.Two weeks laterthe list.Joeywere all _19_,the name of the team runners were _18_ _. Joey was number six onhad made the team.He was o

26、nly inseventh the other six team members. We never told him he shouldn t _ 20 to make the team.We nevertold him he couldn t do it , so he didn t know.He just did it.1. A.however B . orC. but D . though10C safely D naturallyC other D all11 A.score B collectCpay D catch12 A.join B enterC make D keep13

27、 A.liked B continuedC hoped D aimed14 A.moved B excitedC encouraged D worried15 A.Never mind B OkayC Don t worry D Sorry16 A.ran down B came fromC dropped off D came down10 A.entire B2 A.attention B developmentC circulation D treatment3A.wouldnt know B didnt imagine Cshouldn t find D couldn t identi

28、fy4 A.keep just out Bjump right inC stand only behind Dsit still away5 A.never B generallyC often D sincerely6 A.live B jump C run D hope7 A.competition B classC game D team8 A.meant B sensedC showed D noticed9 A.eventually Bsuddenly11C faced D glanced18 A.made B calledC designed D checked19 A.sixth

29、-graders B seventh-gradersC eighth-graders D fifth-graders20 A.expect B fight C avoid D refuse川.語法填空AOne day, as Zeng Zi s wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to gowith 1._ “Stay home，” the mother said to him.“ When 2._ return, we ll kill apig for 3._ dinner！”When she came back, 4._

30、found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for thechild s meal. She hurried over to stop 5._ ：“ What are you doing? You renot really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him！”“ How can 6._ lie to children ？” Zeng Zi replied.“ 7._ learn eachand 8._ movement from 9._ parents. If 10._ decei

31、ve your childwith lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way. ” In the end, Zeng Zikilled the pig.BOur school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from otherschools There 1._ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting roomand a readi

32、ng room in the library building. The number of the books 2._ (be)large, and maybe there are 100， 000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200， 000dollars. Maybe 200，000 dollars 3._ (be) large to everystudent.In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who 4._

33、(have)same17 A.stood Blooked12a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into amultifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student 5.(like) to surf the Internetat weekends here, and now you cansee that my classmates, Mike and John 6._

34、 (play) computer games there.Whenyou turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer 7._(deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl 8._ (focus) on his interestingspeech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always 9._ (cheer)up. You are entering our art exhibition. A t

35、eacher with his students is at the room. On the wall 10. (be)100 pictures, which attract many students. An expertand teacher is explaining something important to us.13第 3 講 數(shù)詞、代詞及主謂一致的 5 個歌訣與 3 種方法考點突破I.I.were saved 2.is covered;are 3.is 4.am5Are 6.is 7.have 8.is 9.is 10.have been usedn.I.Min My 2.m

36、emyself3.yourself you4. onethat5.themit 6.havehas7. ecomes 9.speaks speak10. wantsTwant能力提升1. 1.A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對 Movie World 的介紹中的第一段最后一句可知，在這個公園內(nèi)人們可以看到特技表演。 2. B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對 Sea World 的介紹可知，這個公園重點展示的是水生動物，因 此如果你喜歡海洋生物，你可以到 Sea World 參觀。 3. D 細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，只有對 Tropical Fruit World 的介紹中提到了 jungle cruises（叢林大

37、漂流），因此 D 項正確。4. C 數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)對 Tropical Fruit World 的介紹中的最后一句可知，該公園的門票價格是：成人 32 美元，五歲以上（含五歲）兒童 15 美元，五歲以下兒童免費。因此C 項正確。 H.1.C考查連詞。根據(jù)下文提到.would never run very well.，可知能正常走但不能跑得很好。故選C 項。2. D 考查名詞辨析。 attention 注意力； development 發(fā)展； circulation 循環(huán)； treatment治療。由第二句中“ The doctors told us that with treatment h

38、e would.”可知，前三年的時間都花在治療上了。故選D。 3. A 考查上下文呼應。 根據(jù)上文提到“ The doctors told us that with treatment he wouldbe able to walk normally but would never run very well. ”，可知經(jīng)過治療后走路看不出問題，故選 A 項。 4. B 考查語境。句意為：玩的時候，其他的孩子跑呀跳呀，我的兒子也能參與其中。故14選 B 項。 5. A 考查副詞辨析。 never 決不； generally 一般地，廣泛地； often 經(jīng)常； sincerely真誠地。根據(jù)第三段提到“ We didnt tell him he probably would never _ theteam，so he didn t know. ”，可知我們從沒告訴過孩子做哪些動作不行，故選A 項。 6 C 考查動詞辨析。 live 生活； jum