2020-2021年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專題復(fù)習(xí)經(jīng)典

1、2020-2021年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專題復(fù)習(xí)經(jīng)典一、初三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(含答案詳細(xì)解析)1 .根據(jù)短文理解，選擇正確答案。BPeople all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. It can also influence the way we behave with our families. So how do we deal with

2、 our problems? There are many ways and here is one of themMost of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teachers. Perhaps they said something you didn't like, or you felt they were unfair. Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good

3、friendship may be lost.When we are angry, however, we are usually the ones affected. Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other. However, this usually does not last for long. This is an important lesson for us to lear

4、n.(1) What is the writer?A. A shopkeeper.B. A doctor.C. A student.D. A dentist.(2) What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to deal with problems.B. How to do at school.C. How to behave with families.D. How to talk to each other.(3) What will happen if people stay angry for long according to the

5、text?A. They feel unfair.B. They may get sick.C. Good friendship may be lost.D. They may miss each other.(4) Children decide not to talk to each other probably because.A. they become unhappyB. they have different ideasC. they worry about a small problemD. they want disagreements From the passage, we

6、 know an important lesson for us isA. playing together B. learning to forget C. staying angry D. feeling unfair 【答案】(1) CA(3) C(4) BB【解析】【分析】人與人之間難免會(huì)有磕磕碰碰，相處的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題怎么辦？本文告訴我們?cè)鯓犹幚砼c人相處時(shí)的問(wèn)題。推理判斷 l.根據(jù)第一段 Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. 可知作者是一個(gè)學(xué)生。不是店主、醫(yī)生或牙醫(yī)。故選Co主旨大意。根據(jù)文章第段Peo

7、ple all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems,we can easily become unhappy.可知問(wèn)題討論如何處理問(wèn)題，故選A。根據(jù) Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost可知為小事長(zhǎng)時(shí)間生氣會(huì)失去好朋友。故選 Q根據(jù) Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to

8、talk to each other. 可知小孩不說(shuō)話是因?yàn)樗麄冇蟹制纭９蔬x Bo歸納總結(jié)。根據(jù)最后一句話This is an important lesson for us to learn.可知長(zhǎng)時(shí)間生氣不好，所以要學(xué)會(huì)遺忘。故選 B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解考查對(duì)篇章的把握和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的識(shí)別能力，答題時(shí)注意緊扣問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵 詞，在文章中尋找答案。2 .根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容理解選擇正確答案。BEveryone worries. But how do you deal with your worries? Whether your worries are big orsmall, you can take th

9、ese three steps to deal with your worries: Try to find out what you're worried about.Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to findit out first. If you can't, you can ask for help.Think of ways to make it betterThere is always something you ca

10、n do to help you feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it won ' t solve your problem.Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you're worried about grades, ask yourselfthese questions: Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me? How do I get ready for cla

11、ss? Do I go over (復(fù)習(xí)) my notes even when there isn't a test? Do I have a good place to do my homework? Have I tried different ways of studying?Ask for helpWhen you're worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends, or teachers for help.(1) How many steps o

12、f dealing with your worries are mentioned(提及)in the passage?A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Seven(2) When you don't know what you're worried about,.A. you should try to find it outB. you can't ask for helpC. you don't need to think of waysD. you can sit there worrying(3) If you're worrie

13、d about grades, you can ask yourself these questions exceptA. Why are grades important?B. What do grades mean to me?C. How do I get ready for class?D. Why don't my friends like me?【答案】(1) BA(3) D【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要講述了如何應(yīng)對(duì)煩惱的三種方法，一是找出自己擔(dān)心的問(wèn)題，二是想辦法讓情況變得更好，三是請(qǐng)求幫助。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Whether your worries are big o

14、r small, you can take these three steps to deal with your worries:描述，可知本題主要提到了三步應(yīng)對(duì)煩惱的方法。故選B。 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Try to find it out first; if you can't, you can描述，可知當(dāng)你t ask for help.不知道自己的煩惱是什么時(shí)，不要去請(qǐng)求幫助。故選Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中列出的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題,可知不包括選項(xiàng)Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解考查對(duì)篇章的把握和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的識(shí)別能力，答題時(shí)注意緊扣問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵 詞，在文章中尋找答案。3 .閱讀理解Everybody hates

15、 rats. But rats may soon be man's new good friends. What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces. So now a new research project is

16、 using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat's brain gives a signal. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat's brain activity jumps, the r

17、escuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Robots' noses don't work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that. Rats can also see in the dark, they are cheaper and quicker t

18、o train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don't need electricity!The "rat project" is not finished. But a scientist says, "It would be great. A rat could get into any place we couldn't get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe." Perhaps for the first time in

19、history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).(1) Where do you think you can find this passage?A. In a magazine about toys.B. In a history book.C. In a newspaper about science.D. In an advertisement.(2) Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Rats d

20、on't need electricity.B. Rats are better than robots when smelling.C. Rats are as clever as radios.D. Rats can see things in the dark when doing rescues.(3) Why does the "rat project" sound great according to the passage?A. Because rats can get into very small spaces. B. Because rats h

21、ave better noses than dogs.C. Because rats don't like robots.D. Because rats are brave.(4) Which is the best title of this passage?A. Ways of saving peopleB. Rats C. Earthquakes D. Rats for rescue【答案】(1) CC(3) A(4) D【解析】【分析】主要講了老鼠是怎樣營(yíng)救人的。(1)推斷題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了老鼠救人，所以可以在關(guān)于科學(xué)的報(bào)紙上發(fā)現(xiàn)，故 選C。(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) This

22、 is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.可知信號(hào)被發(fā)送給收音機(jī)，而沒(méi)有說(shuō)老鼠和收音機(jī)一樣聰明，故選C。(3) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) "It would be great. A rat could get into any place we couldn't get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe."可知是因?yàn)槔鲜罂梢匀シ浅Ｐ〉牡胤?，故選 A。(4)主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了老

23、鼠是怎樣營(yíng)救人的。故選Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意 從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。4.閱讀理解In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor (輔導(dǎo)員) at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I no

24、ticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, "No, I really don't want to do this." I could understand that he was in a

25、 new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone. I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That eve

26、ning I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their won

27、derful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadnes

28、s. The mother said, "Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months."At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never

29、know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own "boy under the tree".(1) Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a (n)A. instructorB. camperC. studentD. reporter(2) How many times did the writer invite the boy to

30、join in the activities?A. Once.B. Twice.C. Three times.D. Many times.(3) Which is the CORRECT order about the story ? The boy danced joyfully with two girls. The boy went back to school and made new friends. The boy refused to join in the activities. The boy's mother made a phone call to the wri

31、ter.A.B.C.D.(4) From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very to the writer.A. thankfulB. helpfulC. faithfulD. harmful【答案】(1) CB(3) C(4) A【解析】【分析】本文講述了作者曾給一個(gè)男孩精神上的幫助，讓大家指代每天給自己一 點(diǎn)自信是多么容易。(1)推理題。根據(jù) In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be a

32、n instructor (輔導(dǎo)員) at a high school camp在大學(xué)一年級(jí)和二年級(jí)之間的那個(gè) 夏天，我被邀請(qǐng)去當(dāng)一名教師(輔導(dǎo)員)在一個(gè)高中營(yíng)地可知，在作家來(lái)到高中夏令營(yíng)之前，他是名學(xué)生，故選Co(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) invited him to join in the activities 和 I tried again with the same invitation 可知，作者邀請(qǐng)這個(gè)男孩參加了2次活動(dòng)，故選Bo(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)全文描述可知最初男孩拒絕參加活動(dòng)，后來(lái)男孩和兩個(gè)女孩快樂(lè)地跳舞，這個(gè)男孩回到學(xué)校，交了新朋友，男孩的母親給作家打了一個(gè)電話，故是C選項(xiàng)的排序是

33、正確的，故選 Co(4) 推理題。根據(jù) Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months湯米多次提到你。我想讓你知道，他回到學(xué)校，自信地交了新朋友。在湯米的最后幾個(gè)月里，你改變了他 可知，湯米的母親對(duì)作家很感謝，故選Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷 題

34、需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。5.閱讀理解Grace Murray was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.In 1930, Gra

35、ce Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They were happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy (海軍)to help her country during World War n .Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where

36、 she worked on the Mark series of computers.In 1945, she began to do research in Applied (應(yīng)用)Physics at Harvard's Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 bu

37、t continued teaching for the computer development. Brewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeb

38、oro. She passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her death, her workmate Elenor Briggs has been going on with her work.Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words" Dare and Do" in he

39、r lifetime.(1) How many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar?A. About 2 years. B. About 6 years. C. About 12 years. D. About 18 years. (2) Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University?A. She studied Maths.B. She researched Applied Physics.C. She developed c

40、omputer languages.D. She worked on the Mark series of computers.(3) Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free?A. Because the lab was built with her help. B. Because she once spent some time there.C. Because Wolfeboro was her home town. D. Because she once taught

41、there.(4) The underlined phrase "passed away" in Paragraph 3 means"".A. workedB. diedC. waitedD. dreamed【答案】(1) C A (3) B (4) B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了Grace Murray的一生。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University 從 1931 年起，她一直在瓦薩任教，She taug

42、ht at Vassar Collegeuntil 1943 ,直到1943年，可知 格蕾絲 默里在瓦薩教了大概 12年書，故選C=(2)推理題。根據(jù) Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.自 1931 年以來(lái)，她一直在vassar教書，并繼續(xù)在耶魯大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，1934年在那里她在數(shù)學(xué)方面取得了很大成績(jī)，可知在加入美國(guó)海軍之前，格雷斯默里在耶魯大學(xué)教數(shù)學(xué)，故選A。(3)推理題。

43、根據(jù) She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro 她在沃 爾夫博羅的一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ザ冗^(guò)了童年的夏天可知沃爾夫博羅的學(xué)校免費(fèi)把它的計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室給格雷斯 默里因?yàn)樗?jīng)在那里呆過(guò)一段時(shí)間，故選Bo(4)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Since her death自從她死后，可知passed away是去世的意 思，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測(cè)題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋 找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相 關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。6.閱讀理解I felt ve

44、ry sad not to be able to get the ticket to the film Titanic last Friday. I learned in the newspaper that tickets could be bought at the cinema box office in Richland Hills every day between 10: 00 a.m. and 4 ： 00 p.m. Because I work from 9 : 00 a.m.to 5: 30 p.m., the only time I could go to the cine

45、ma was during my 45-minute lunch time. It is a pity that the cinema is on the other side of the town, and the bus service between my office and Richland Hills is not very good. But if you are lucky, you can make the round (往返)trip in 45 minutes.Last Monday I stood at the bus stop for fifteen minutes

46、, waiting for a bus. By the time I saw one coming around the corner, there was not enough time left to make the trip-so I had to go back to the office. The same thing happened on Wednesday. On Thursday my luck changed, I got on a bus right away and arrived at the cinema in twenty minutes. But when I

47、 got there, I found a long line of people at the box office. I heard one man say he had been waiting in line for fifty-five minutes. I found that I would not have enough time to wait in line. I caught the next bus and went back across the town.Then on Friday I understood my only hope was to make the

48、 trip by car. It was not cheap, but I felt it would be worthwhile to see the film. The trip by car only took 10 minutes, but it felt like one hour to me. When I reached the cinema, I was delighted to see that nobody was waiting in line. But I quickly found out that it was because they had already so

49、ld out all the tickets.(1) It seems that the writer of the story works A. in a small townB. in Richland HillsC. on a farm near the townD. at a bus service centre(2) The writer tried to go to the cinema to buy a ticket, but he really go there .A. five timesB. four timesC. three timesD. twice(3) The u

50、nderlined word "delighted" means" ".A. sureB. sorryC. surprisedD. pleased(4) What's the best title for the story ?A. How to get a ticketB. Tickets sold outC. A wonderful filmD. The way to the cinema【答案】(1) AD(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】主要講了作者坐公交車去城鎮(zhèn)買電影票時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)票已經(jīng)全部賣完。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) It is a pity

51、 that the cinema is on the other side of the town可知遺憾的是 電影院在城鎮(zhèn)的另一邊，所以作者在一個(gè)小城鎮(zhèn)工作，故選 Ao2 2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) The same thing happened on Wednesday. On Thursday my luck changed, I got on a bus right away and arrived at the cinema in twenty minutes.星期三也發(fā)生了 同樣的事情。星期四我的運(yùn)氣變了，我馬上上了公共汽車，二十分鐘后到了電影院，所以作者去了 兩次，故選D。(3)推斷題。

52、根據(jù) nobody was waiting in line可知沒(méi)人排隊(duì)買票，所以作者是高興的， delighted意思是高興的，即 pleased,故選 D。(4)主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了作者坐公交車去城鎮(zhèn)買電影票時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)票已經(jīng)全部賣 完，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意 從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。7 .閱讀理解Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem, "Every grain on the pl

53、ate comes from hard work (誰(shuí)知盤中餐，粒粒皆辛苦) ."But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don't waste food.A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.Do we have

54、 too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they will lose face if the

55、ir guests have eaten all the food on the table.Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover(乘 U余的)food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agree

56、d that it was not right to waste food.What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips :Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.Don't be too picky (挑易U的) about food. Some foo

57、d may not taste great, but your body needs it.Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and fruit.(1) According to News One Plus One, Chinese people.A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a yearB. throw away lots of food every yearC. get eno

58、ugh food to feed millions of people every yearD. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year(2) In the third paragraph, we know that A. we have too much food to feed people in the worldB. there were 925 million people in developing countriesC. because of hunger, 6 million children die every ye

59、arD. there are only a few people getting hungry every year(3) From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude(得出結(jié)論) that.A. all Chinese people are generous B. Chinese people always waste food C. Li Hong became famous because she wasted food D. everyone should get into the habit of saving food(4) What's the main topic o