八年級英語下冊知識點歸納(牛津英語)

1、Dow Corning Zhangjiagang Co Ltd Confidential - PROPRIETARY578B Unit 1 Past and presentpast n. 意為 "過去"in the past 過去 （過去時）in the past few years在過去的幾年中present n. 現(xiàn)在，目前at present 目前n.禮物in the future 未來；將來Comic strip & Welcome to the unit1. It was in the bowl an hour ago個小時之前在碗里的an hour ag

2、o小時前in the bowl 在碗里2. I've just eaten it.我剛才把它吃了。（eat-ate-eaten ）ust adv.意為"剛才”常與完成時連用。他們剛剛到達(dá)。They have just arrived.注意：just now 意為"剛才"，相當(dāng)于"a moment ago ”通常與一般過去時連用。我剛才去了圖書館。I went to the library just now .3. You used to share food with me!你過去常與我分享食物！used to do sth. 意為“過去常常做某

3、事”，表示過去的習(xí)慣。本身已是過去時態(tài)，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化, 暗含現(xiàn)在已不再如此。1）他的父母過去住在鄉(xiāng)下。His pare2nts used to live in the countryside.2） Tom 過去常常早起，不是嗎？ Tom used to get up early, didn't he?/ usedn't he?be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事My father is used to reading newspapers after dinner.be used to do被用來做 A pen is used to write with

4、.筆是用來寫的。share sth. with sb. 和.分享一4. You used to be so kind to me.你過去對我那么好。be kind to sb. 對友好5. go to school by bike = ride a bike to school騎自行車去學(xué)校6. It took a long time to wait for the next one.等下一輛公共汽車要花費很長時間。wait for the next one等下輛車7. go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the

5、 bus乘公交車去學(xué)校Reading8. know sunshine town very well9. since I was born 自我出生以來10. move house 搬家11. live in the northern part of town south 南方一 southern 南部的對陽光鎮(zhèn)很了解be born 出生住在城鎮(zhèn)的北部east 東部easternknow -very well 非常了解since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，不可與 so連用。東部的 west fwestern north fnorthernto the north of 在北面（范圍之外）in the no

6、rth of 在北部（范圍之內(nèi)）on the north of 在北邊（接壤）Our school is to the north of the times supermarket .我們學(xué)校在時代超市北面。Beijing is in the north of China.北京在中國北部。Shandong is on the north of Jiangsu.山東位于江蘇北面。12. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we' ve lived in this area sincethe

7、n.? get married 結(jié)婚 get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人結(jié)婚marry sb. to sb.把某人嫁給某人? move two blocks away 搬到兩個街區(qū)以外since then從那以后13. change a lot 改變許多14. over the years 在這些年期間（現(xiàn)在完成時）15. in the town centre= in the centre of the town在鎮(zhèn)中心、16. turninto 把變成 Heat turns water into vapor - -.熱使水變

8、成蒸氣。 Turn this sentence into English.turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān) turn up 調(diào)高 turn down 調(diào)低 turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身by turns 輪流地 in turn 依次 turn in 上交 It' s one ' s turn to do sth.17. a steel factory 一家鋼鐵廠water pollution 水污染 air pollution空氣污染noise pollution噪音污染18. put the waste into the river 把廢料扔進(jìn)河 put away 收

9、好 put on 穿上 put off 推遲/延期19. realize the problem意識到問題19. take action to improve the situation采取行動改善情況20. much cleaner 干凈得多21. in some ways在某種程度上in this way 以這種方式on the way （to ） 在的路上by the way順便說下no way 沒門in any way無論如何22. have a beautiful modern town擁有一個美麗現(xiàn)代化的城鎮(zhèn)23. most of my old friends我的大多數(shù)老朋友24.

10、move away 搬走25. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.It is necessary for us to study English hard.It is kind of you to help us.若形容詞是描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)品，如 kind , good , nice , clever , careless , polite , foolish 等，用of sb.。 若形容詞僅僅是描述事物 ，用 for sb. , difficult , easy , hard , i

11、mportant , dangerous , （im） possible 等。see each other as often as before和過去一樣頻繁的見到彼此26. play cards and Chinese chess 打牌，下中國象棋27. feel a bit lonely from time to time有時感到有點孤? feel a bit lonely感至 U有點孤單from time to time=at times=sometimes有時? a bit和a little“稍微”、“有點”，修飾形容詞、副詞。在肯定句中可以互換.? a little 直接修飾不可數(shù)名

12、詞；而a bit修飾名詞時，其后須加上of,構(gòu)成“a bit of+n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：He knows a bit of French.? a bit 和 a little 的否定式意義正好相反。not a bit=not at all, 意為"毫不"；而 not a little=very much,意為"非常"，"很"。例如：He is not a bit tired. 他一點不累。 He is not a little tired.他很累。? a few/few用在復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，little/a little用在不可數(shù)名詞之

13、前。He took a few biscuits.（肯定 ） He took few biscuits（否定）He took a little butter.（肯定）He took little butter.（否定）28. the amazing changes令人驚奇的改變29. because of being alone 因為獨自一人 .lonely, alone 的區(qū)別：lonely作表語，表示心靈內(nèi)部的孤獨寂寞,lonely修飾地點時，意：“荒涼的，偏僻的“。alone 指單獨、獨自的意思，作表語。例如：He is alone, but he never feels lonely.

14、30. a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道兩邊全是高樓31. all one ' s life 一生Grammar32. repair over ten bicycles修十多輛自行車33.the changes in Beijing 北京的變化34. over the past century上個世紀(jì)期間35.learn more about更多了 解關(guān)于36 hear about/of 聽說 hear from sb. 收到某人來信 37. plan to do sth. 計劃做某事Integrated skills38

15、. clean and fresh air 干凈新鮮空氣39.living condition居住環(huán)境40. railway station 火車站41. travel to and from the town by bus乘公交進(jìn)出城鎮(zhèn)42. another big change 另一個大變化43. move into new flats搬進(jìn)新的公寓move out of 搬出一44. return from the USA從美國回來return sth. to sb.把某物歸還給某人45. go abroad 出國，去國夕卜 at home or abroad 在國內(nèi)夕卜46. at pr

16、imary school 在小學(xué)47. keep in touch with each other 互相保持聯(lián)絡(luò)48. communicate by email通過電子郵件交流49. make communication much easier使溝通更容易communicate with sb.和某人保持聯(lián)系Study Skills50. be/get used to （doing） sth 習(xí)慣于（干）某事get used to the changes of life 習(xí)慣了生活的變化51. take place 發(fā)生（有目的有計劃的）、舉行happen發(fā)生（偶然發(fā)生）52. green h

17、ills all around到處都是綠山53. a river runs through the centre of town條小河穿過鎮(zhèn)中心54. on one ' s own = by oneself = alone 獨自Task55、throw rubbish 扔垃圾56、in some large open spaces在一些大的開闊的地方57、in their free time在他們業(yè)余時間58、travel around the town在鎮(zhèn)里轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)59 、 have their own cars= have cars of their own有他們自 己的汽車60 .n

18、arrow and dirty roads 又窄又臟的公路61.wide and clean streets 寬闊而干凈的街道62 .green trees on both sides 兩邊綠樹63.enjoy a comfortable life享受舒服的生活Unit 2 TravellingComic strip & Welcome to the unit 詞組：1. go to sp for a/one ' s holiday 去某地度假 go to South Hill for my holidaybe on holiday 在度假2. have been to sp去

19、過某地（已經(jīng)回來）Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？have gone to sp去了某地（還沒回來）He has gone to Shanghai已經(jīng)去了上海3. join sb in doing sth加入某人去做某事join us/you4. get ready for sth. 為做好準(zhǔn)備get ready to do sth.5. I am getting all my things.我正在收拾東西。6. take the bag 拿上向 take sth. with sb.隨身攜帶7. I don ' t think it 

20、9; ll be a holiday for me.I don ' t think it ' s a good idea.8. the capital of的首都9. What ' s special about this book?這本書有什么特別的？10. come from a story by sb來自某人寫的一個故事11. place of interest 名勝Can you tell me some places of interest in Nanjing?be interested in 對感興趣I am interested in Chinese.R

21、eading 詞組：1. see each other互相見面2. miss sb. very much非常想念某人miss v. 1）思念； 想念When I studied in USA , I miss my parents very much.2） 錯過，沒趕上Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.n.小姐，后接 姓氏時，常常大寫This is my English teacher, Miss li.3. I have been in Hong Kong for two months .我來香港巨經(jīng)兩個月了。4. have a fantastic/goo

22、d/nice/wonderful time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩得愉快5. spend the whole day at Disneyland在迪斯尼度過一整天all the people所有的人spend v 1） 度過I spent my winter holiday in Hainan.2）花費spend + 時間/金錢on + 東西spend + 時間 /金錢（in） doing somethingI spent an hour on my homework yesterday.I spent an hour in doing my homework yest

23、erday.6. We got to the park by underground.get to sp.=reach sp.=arrive at/in sp.至U達(dá)某地（沒有目的地只用 arrive ）7. on Space Mountain 在太空山 an indoor roller coaster一個室內(nèi)過山車8. It moved at high speed and was really exciting.move at high speed高速運行（speed 一過去時 speeded/ sped-過去分詞 speeded/ sped ）speed n. 速度短語： at the s

24、peed of 以的速度It moves at the speed of fifty kilometers an hour.它以每小時五十公里的速度移動。Please drive at a safe speed.請以安全的速度行駛。9. scream and laugh through the ride全程都在尖叫大笑through the ride 在行程中10. hurry to a restaurant to have a quick meal（動詞）hurry to sp/ go to sp in a hurry（ 名詞）in a hurry在匆忙之中hurry to do sth=b

25、e in a hurry to do sth.=do sth. in a hurry=do sth. hurriedly匆忙做某事11. On the way 在路上on the way to + 地點 在去的路上on one ' s way to + 地點 在某人去的路上注意：遇到 home/here/there 等地點副詞時省略 toI met an old friend on my way home.在回家的路上我遇到了一個老朋友。12. such as/for example 例如For example , twice two is equal to four. 例如，二力口二

26、等于四。Sally likes fruits very much, such as apples, oranges and strawberries.13. a parade of Disney characters迪士尼人物的游行l(wèi)ater in the afternoon=in the late afternoon下午遲些時候14. the best part of the day 這天最好部分15. run after sb.追趕某人can ' t stop doing =can ' t help doing禁不住做某事When he listened to the st

27、ory, Jim couldn' t help laughing.聽這個故事時，吉姆忍不住笑了。Stop to do something停下來去做另一件事Stop doing something停止正在做的Please stop to listen to the teacher.請停下來聽老師講。The students stopped talking and laughing when they saw the teacher.take photos 拍照can't stop taking photos不停地拍照片16. be like magic像魔法一樣magic n.魔

28、術(shù)Do you like Liu Qian ' s magic? 你喜歡劉謙的魔術(shù)嗎？magical adj 魔法的；有魔力的；迷人的The world is full of magical things.17. We could even smell the apple pie and feel the wind.我們甚至能聞到蘋果派的香味，感覺風(fēng)在吹。感官動詞 smell/feel/sound/taste/look + 形容t司 The flowers smell wonderful.The food tastes good.18. go shopping=do some shop

29、ping 買東西19. buy sb. sth./ buy sth. for sb. 為某人買couplen.兩人，兩件事物，幾個人；幾件事物a couple of = a pair of 雙； 對a couple of key rings對鑰匙環(huán)The couple arrived at the party very early.We met in Moscow a couple of weeks ago.20. near/at the end of將近/ 在結(jié)束的日候in the end=finally 最后 by the end of至 k 為止21. watch the firewor

30、ks in front of 在前面觀看焰火22. during your stay there （ 名詞）在你待在那期間stay at home （ 動詞）待在家let me have a look at sth.讓灸看一下某物Here' s one for you.這個是送給你的。Grammar 詞組：1.去某地開會 go to sp to attend a meeting 2.參力口會議 attend a meeting 3.在沙灘上玩 play on the sand4.順便說一下 by the way5.邀請某人去野餐 invite sb to go for a picnic

31、6. 去野餐 go for a picnic /have a picnic7. 電影已經(jīng)開始 20 分鐘了。The film has been on for 20 minutes.8. 游行結(jié)束好幾小時了。The parade has been over for hours.9. Kitty 來香港兩天了。Kitty has been in Hongkong for two days.10. 自從上周二他就離開家了。He has been away from home since last Tuesday.11. 這本書我已經(jīng)借了好幾天了。I have kept this book with

32、me for a few days. （不能用 borrow ）12. Simon自從去年就加入足球俱樂部了。Simon has been in / a member of the Football Club since last year.13. 他們結(jié)婚 15 年了。 They have been married for 15 years.14. 這些魚死了有段時間了。These fish have been dead for some time.15. 在寒假第一天 on the first day of the winter holidayIntegrated skills 詞組:1

33、.旅行的地方 places for traveling2.中國園林 Chinese gardens3.自然景觀 places of natural beauty4. 海濱城市 seaside cities5. 主題公園 theme parks6. 提一些在中國旅游的建議give some advice on travelling in China7. 全年去那兒 go there all year round（during the whole year）8. 水上運動 water sports9.在任何季節(jié) in any season1.1 It is dangerous to climb m

34、ountains on cold and snowy days.在寒冷的雪天爬山是危險的。11 . 去那最好的時節(jié)是在春天或秋天。The best time to go there is in spring and autumn.12 . 可能會下雨。 There may be some rain. / It may be rainy. / It may rain.13 .在一年的那個時刻 at that time of year14 .有一些關(guān)于五一節(jié)的計劃have some plans for the May Day holiday15 . 去某地出差 go to sp on busine

35、ss16 .乘直達(dá)航班去某地 take a direct flight to sp17 .坐飛機去成都要多久？How long does it take to fly to Chengdu?18 .跟我爸爸給你核實一下check it for you with my dad補充知識點：看到某人正在沙灘上玩看到某人正在做看到某人做某事的過程或經(jīng)?？吹侥橙俗瞿呈?. see sb. playing on the sand see somebody doing sth see somebody do sthI saw him working in the garden yesterday.Jim o

36、ften sees Mary help others.play on the sand 在沙灘上玩2. die v 死亡 His grandfather died last week.death n 死亡 He cried after knowing his grandfather ' s death.dying動詞現(xiàn)在分詞；形容詞奄奄一息的，垂死的His grandfather is dying.他的爺爺快過世了。dead 形容詞 死的 His grandfather has been dead for three years.3. 1）Except 與 besidesexcept則

37、表示都可表示“除外”，但besides 表示一種累加關(guān)系，意指“除了什么之外，還有”；而一種排除關(guān)系，意指 “除了什么之外，不再有”。如:Besides his wife , his daughter also went to see him.除他妻子外，他女兒也去看過他 （即妻子女兒都去看過他）Nobody went to see him except his wife.除他妻子外，沒有一個人看過他 （即只有他妻子去看過他）。2）關(guān)于 except 與 except for :except 主要用來談?wù)撏惖臇|西， 而except for 是"除了因為 ；要不是 ;除去 一點外&q

38、uot;的意思，表示"對一 個人或事物，先做一個整體評價，然后再就局部提出一點看法"。即一部分被肯定，另一部分被否定，這就是所謂的"排除否 定式”。其判別標(biāo)志是：除去的與保留的”不是同類項”。All compositions are well written except yours.除了你的作文外，其他的作文都寫得很好。His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.他的作文寫得不錯， 只是有幾處拼寫錯誤。4 : in front of （ 在某物夕卜部白前面） There are two t

39、rees in front of the classroom.in the front of （在某物內(nèi)部的前面）There are a teacher ' s desk in the front of the classroom.Task.1.動身去機場leave for the airport動身去某地，前往某地leave for sp2 . 在一大早 in the early morning3 .坐飛機去香港花了我們?nèi)齻€半小時。It took us three and a half hours to fly to Hongkong.4 . 愛看有趣的迪士尼人物游行l(wèi)ove wat

40、ching the interesting parade of Disney characters5 .看海豚表演 watch the dolphin show6.看鳥表演 watch the bird show7 .給我們的親戚們買了很多禮物buy a lot of presents for our relatives8 .吃了一頓美食 have a delicious meal9 . 我希望有天我能再次來這兒玩I hope I can visit it again some day.10 .坐飛機去某地take a plane to sp / take a flight to spgo t

41、o sp by air / planego to sp on a plane8B unit 3 online tours 網(wǎng)上旅仃Welcome to the unit1、look like看起來像（指長相，即可指人也可指物）eg: The man looks like our English teacher.eg. The strange thing looks like a plate.區(qū)分： What do/does sb. look like? 問長相=How do/does sb. look?What be sb. like? 問品質(zhì)What do/does sb. like? 問喜

42、好2. agree with sb. on sth.同意某人觀點agree to do sth同意做某事disagree 不同意3. Here it is 它在這 JLchange the channel 換頻道the remote control 遙控器4. 鼠標(biāo)（復(fù)數(shù)） mouse - mouses老鼠（復(fù)數(shù)）mouse - mice5. chat（動詞）with sb.和某人聊天have a chat（名詞）with sb.chat 現(xiàn)在分詞：cha tt ing6. do word processing 做文字處理7. send and receive emails收發(fā)電子郵件send

43、 發(fā)送 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.把某物寄給/送給某人（2） receive 收到，接至Ureceive emails接收郵件區(qū)分：receive 與accept receive 客觀（被動地）收到accept 主觀接受eg. I received a bunch of flower, but I didn't accept it.8. watch videos 口 看錄像9. what.for? 為何目的,為何理由？=Why?What did you do that for?=Why did you do that?10. use sth to do

44、/ use sth. for sth.用做1.你通常用你的電腦來干嘛？What do you use your computer for?What do you use your computer to do? 2.我用它來搜索信息use it to search for informationuse it for searching fo門nformation11. be fast and easy 快捷12. 你多久用電腦兼做一次這個？How often do you use your computer for this? _How often do you use your comput

45、er to do this?多頻繁（對頻率提問 ） how often13. almost every day幾乎每天14. I have no idea. =I' ve no idea. = I don ' t know. 我不知道。15. turn on the TV turn on/off打開/關(guān)閉，turn up/down調(diào)大/調(diào)低；都是"動詞+副詞”。Reading1. Around the World in Eight Hours八小時環(huán)游世界2. I' m your tour guide.我是你們的導(dǎo)游3. notice the "to

46、ur " icon 注意至U " tour "這個圖標(biāo) notice sb do sth注意到某人做了某事notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事4. at the top of the page在本頁上方at the bottom of 在底部5. click 點擊 click （及物動詞）sth. =click（不及物動詞）on sth. 點擊6. in eight hours在八小時內(nèi)（后，用將來時）7. the world-famous trade centre舉世聞名的貿(mào)易中心8. at the southern end of 在 .南

47、端9. many big companies and international banks很多大型的公司和國際銀行10. further on 再往前11. thousands of數(shù)以千方t的hundred, thousand, million等表示確指時（前面有具體的數(shù)字），用單數(shù)；表泛指（前面沒有數(shù)了）英復(fù)數(shù),其后加 ofeg. three thousandhundreds ofgather here bn New Year ' s Eve在新年前夜聚集卷這12. It ' s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling th

48、rough the darkness. 看到大玻璃球在黑夜中落下令人很興 奮。（1） see sb. doing sth.看見某人正在做某事eg. When I passed by the KFC, I saw many children eating hamburgers and chips in it. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做了某事（鈿調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程）（2） through the darkness穿過黑夜13. With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it' s a good place to r

49、elax after a hard day ' s work.（1） 一個放松的好地方 a good place to relaxrelax 放松，休息、relax oneself放松自己動詞三單：relaxes形容詞：relaxed 修飾人 relaxing 修飾物（2） 在辛苦工作一天后 after a hard day 's work30 小時的火車車程thirty hours _train ride（3） 一大片綠草地 a large green lawn14. Don ' t miss Broadway.不要錯過百老匯。15. It has been famo

50、us fo門ts theatres since the early twentieth century （1）因而出名be famous/ known for作而出名be famous as+ 職業(yè) 被.所熟知be famousto sbHe is famous to the people all over the world.他被全世界的人所熟知 .自從 20 世紀(jì)早期 since the early twentieth century16. 聽說過 “Memory ” 這首歌 hear of the song “Memory ”收至 U某人的來信 hear from sbget/recei

51、ve a letter from sb.17. 著名的百老匯音樂劇貓 the famous Broadway musical Cats18. 關(guān)于紐約就講這么多So much for New Yorkso much for sth. 關(guān)于 就講這么多，到此為止So much for the new words. 生詞就學(xué)到這里。選擇另一個城市撿起來/去（機場）接某人be filled with / be full of 充滿more than / over 多于fall from the sky 從空中落下world-famous / famous / well-known著What is_t

52、he website called? 這個網(wǎng)站叫on Manhattan Island在曼哈頓島19. at the bottom of the page在頁面底端pick another citypick up在始你的新旅程 start your new tour20. a play filled with many songs有很多歌的劇本21. fewer than / less than 少于buy tickets to different places買去不同地方的票gather there to welcome the New Year聚集到那迎接新年名的_the activity

53、 of buying and selling買賣的活動什么？、give people online tours給人們提供在線旅行Grammar1. the other day 前幾天 dream of / about doing sth夢想做某事 The boy dreams of becoming a around the world without a passportrealize your dream by taking an online tour 通過在線旅游 實現(xiàn)你的夢想show me an online tour of the USA給我展示了一次在線

54、美國旅游return from the USA 從美 國回來return from sp從某地回來return to sp 回到某地2. take part in =join in + 比賽 / 活動join + 黨派 / 組織 /sb./trip/walkjoin sb. in doing sth.加入某人做某事的行列Integrated skills & Study skills1 .帶你去世界各地不同的地方take you to different places around the world| take sb to sp帶某到某地2 .再往頁面的底部 further down

55、 at the bottom of the page4 .在澳大利亞東北海岸on the north-east coast of Australia5 .看起來像是一艘有很多帆的船look like a ship with many sails6 .進(jìn)行一次在線旅行 take an online tour帶某人進(jìn)行一次網(wǎng)上旅游take sb on an online tour7 .在網(wǎng)立上 on the website8 .看到一座叫做“悉尼歌劇院”的神奇建筑see a wonderful _buildingIcalleq the Sydney Opera House9 .澳大利亞的季節(jié)與我們

56、的相反。Australian seasons are I the opposite of ours.Australian adj.澳大利亞（人）的 名詞：Australia澳大利亞10 .介意做某事 mind doing sth介意某人做某事 mind one ' s doing sth （中間用形物主代）介意給我展示如何開始在線旅游mind showing me how to start this online tour介意我打開窗子 mind my opening the window（ 中間用形物代）Do you mind doing sth.?介意： You ' d b

57、etter not .不介意：Not at all. /Of course not. /Certainly not.14 .當(dāng)然不 Of course not.15 .不客氣，很樂意 My pleasure. / It' s my pleasure.（名詞）my peasure 不客氣，很樂意效勞，回答別人的道謝，=You，re welcome.區(qū)另1J I： with pleasure很樂意效勞，回答別人的請求16 . 一門在線課程 an online course17.問路 ask the way18 .預(yù)定票和酒店 book tickets and hotels19.訂餐 order meals20 .在日常交流中用英語 use English in daily communication日常英語 daily En