初中英語語法-八種時(shí)態(tài)詳解與練習(xí)

1、初中英語語法:八種時(shí)態(tài)詳解與練習(xí)一.概念:英語中表示不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),需用不同的動(dòng)詞形式表示,這種不同的動(dòng)詞形式稱為時(shí)態(tài)。二.種類:(基本時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、概念:經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。二、常搭配的時(shí)間狀語:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week,on Sundays, etc.三、基本結(jié)構(gòu)be動(dòng)詞(is,am,are;行為動(dòng)詞(主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要加s或es

2、外 否定形式:am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用doesnt,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用does,同時(shí),還原行為動(dòng)詞。例句:I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小學(xué)就學(xué)過地球是圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)的。

3、Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)　Ｋ?、基本用?1 描述當(dāng)前時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。在這種情景中,句子常帶有表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語:always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc. , sometimes , seldom , usually等等,以表示句中的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是習(xí)慣性的、經(jīng)常性的。例如:They raise ducks as a sideline .他們以養(yǎng)鴨為副業(yè)。She doesnt often write to her family, only once a mo

4、nth. 她不常給家里寫信,僅一月一封而已。I cycle to work every day .我每天騎自行車上班。It seldom rains here .這兒很少下雨。2僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。這里的目的是為了描述現(xiàn)階段的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),其重點(diǎn)不是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、或進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)。例如:He can speak five foreign languages .他能說五種外語。That is a beautiful city .那是座美麗的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長江是世界上最

5、長河流之一。She majors in music .她主修音樂。All my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球。(強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)家人My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹總是樂于助人。3 陳述客觀事實(shí)、客觀真理。顧名思義,客觀的情況是沒有時(shí)間概念的;也不會(huì)在意動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)。例如: The earth goes around the sun .地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。Ten minus two is eight.十減二等于八。Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比聲音的速度快。The

6、United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美國位于太平洋西岸。4 根據(jù)英文語法規(guī)定,當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般將來時(shí),那么時(shí)間或條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如:Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回來時(shí),我將告訴他這個(gè)消息。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受這份工作,他們將和你談?wù)劶?xì)節(jié)。用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的副詞,除了上面提到的一些表示頻率

7、的詞以外,常見的還有:now,today , nowadays等等。練習(xí)題:用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1.Why_Tom absent today ? ( be 2.Mike_(goto school at seven in the morning.3.My mother_(like _(go shopping.4.I can _(draw many beautiful pictures.5.Does he_(like_(jump ?6.The students_(speak English in class.7.The student_(speak Chinese after class.8.

8、Lets_and play football . ( go 9. He_ like swimming . ( not 10. _your sister study English at school ? No , she_ . ( do 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1.I _(write to you as soon as I _(get to London.2. He doesnt feel well and _(not eat any food this morning.3. He _ not _(see me come in, for he _(read something with gr

9、eat interest.4. Dont make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep.5. It _(take me two hours to finish my homework last night.6. What _ your mother _(do at eight yesterday evening? She _(wash clothes.7. _ it _ (rain when school was over yesterday?8 The teacher told us the earth _ (move round the sun.單項(xiàng)選擇:1.The stud

10、ents will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A.dont rainB. doesnt rainC. wont rain3. The picture _ nice.A.looksB.is lookedC.lookD.is looking4. She _ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week.A. wil comeB. cameC.

11、would comeD. come7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work C. work D. worked12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework.A. to stay, doB. sta

12、y, doC. to stay, to doD. stay, to do14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine.A. how to makeB. to makeC. how makingD. what to make15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England.A. to leaveB. leftC. leavingD. leave4改句子1. We have four lessons.(否定句2.I have many books. (改為否定句3.Gao Shans

13、 sister likes playing table tennis (改為否定句4.She lives in a small town near New York. (改為一般疑問句5.I watch TV every day. (改為一般疑問句6.David has got a goal. (改為一般疑問句7.We have four lessons.(否定句8.Tom does his homework at home. 否定句: 一般疑問句: 劃線提問9.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句: 一般疑問句: 劃線提問一般過去時(shí)

14、一、概念:過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。二、常搭配的時(shí)間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.三、基本結(jié)構(gòu):be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was/were;行為動(dòng)詞的過去式(即在動(dòng)詞原形后加ed,不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞除外否定形式:was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑

15、問句:was或were放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did 提問,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般過去時(shí)用謂語動(dòng)詞的過去式構(gòu)成,即在動(dòng)詞原形后加ed,不規(guī)則變化的特殊動(dòng)詞除外。例句:He was here just now. 他剛才還在這里。What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?We often played together when we were children. 我們小時(shí)候常在一起玩。He used to smoke a lot, but he doesnt now. 他過去經(jīng)常抽煙,但現(xiàn)在不抽了。四、基本用法主要是用來描述在過去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)

16、。它也可以用來表示在過去某段時(shí)間里經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。這一點(diǎn)在表達(dá)意義上與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)相同,只是所在的時(shí)間區(qū)域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此,所以在使用一般過去時(shí)的句子里常常有一個(gè)意義較具體的過去時(shí)間狀語。這也是它與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的最大區(qū)別之一。常和一般過去時(shí)連用的過去時(shí)間狀語有:last night (week ,month , year , century , etc. , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one

17、week ago , tree years ago , 等等。使用一般過去時(shí),在某種意義上說就是要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在于過去的某個(gè)時(shí)候。過去的時(shí)間概念有兩層意思:一是指現(xiàn)在某個(gè)時(shí)間以前的時(shí)間;二是指說話、寫文章的那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)以前的時(shí)間,在這個(gè)意義上,現(xiàn)在的那個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)是很小很小的,甚至于小到無法量化的程度。例如:He got his driving license last month. 他上個(gè)月拿到了駕照。-Wheres Jim? 吉姆在哪里?-He just went out.他剛剛出去。練習(xí):寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式is/am_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ g

18、o_ make _ do/does_ worry_eat_ draw_put _ throw_ pass_用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. The little dog _ two years old this year.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.句型變換:1 T

19、here was a car in front of the house just now.否定句:_一般疑問句:_ 肯定回答:_否定回答:_2 They played football in the playground.否定句:_一般疑問句:_ 肯定回答:_否定回答:_用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空:1. I _ (watch a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read a newspaper last night.3. It _ (be the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go to his offi

20、ce by car.4. _ you _ (visit your relatives last Spring Festival?5. Gao Shan _ (put the book on his head a moment ago.6. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean7. What _ she _ (find in the garden last morning?She _ (find a beautiful butterfly.8. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do9 We

21、 all _ (have a good time last night.10. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read11. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play句型轉(zhuǎn)換:1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱.(變一般疑問句_ he _ _ meat in the fridg

22、e?3、She stayed there for a week.(對劃線部分提問_ _ _ she _ there?4、There was some orange in the cup.(變一般疑問句_ there _ orange in the cup?中譯英:1. 我過了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend.2 Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night.3. Emma每天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤]有看。Emma _ TV every day. But he

23、 _ _ yesterday.4. 上周六他們做什么了?他們做作業(yè)和購物了。What _ they _ _ Saturday?They _ _ homework and _ _.一般將來時(shí)一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。二、時(shí)間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year,soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, 等。三、基本結(jié)構(gòu)am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行為動(dòng)詞前加di

24、dnt,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。如:Telephone me this evening. Ill be at home. 今晚給我打電話,我會(huì)在家。Ill (shall/will do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。The car wont start. 車開不了啦。Oil and water will not mix. 油和水沒法混在一起。四、基本用法:主要用來描述將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在于未來的情況。這里所說的“將來時(shí)間”是指“說話、寫文章那一刻以后的時(shí)間”。它的表示方法主要有如下幾種:1shall / wi

25、ll + 動(dòng)詞原形這種表示方法是說,動(dòng)作在現(xiàn)在或目前還未發(fā)生,要在將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生;它沒有主觀性,是“純粹的將來動(dòng)作”。例如:I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天沒空。He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵達(dá)這里。2 be( am / is / are + going +不定式這種表示方法主要是說明A“說話人的意圖、打算”;B“某種可能性”。例如:A He is going to spend his holidays in London . 他打算在倫敦度假。Who is going to speak fir

26、st? 誰先發(fā)言?B It is going to rain soon .馬上要下雨了。Is he going to collect any data for us? 他會(huì)幫我們收集資料嗎?If you go to New Zealand, you are going to like the place. 如果你去新西蘭,你會(huì)喜歡上那個(gè)地方的。3 be( am / is / are + 不定式表示方法描述兩鐘情況:按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間一般不會(huì)很遠(yuǎn);要求或命令他人做某事。例如:A The new bridge is to open to traffic in three d

27、ays. 新橋三天后通車。The factory is to go into production before National Day. 這家工廠國慶節(jié)前投產(chǎn)。B You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room . 任何移動(dòng)通訊工具都不得帶入考場。You are to stay home until your mother comes back. 你媽回來之前你不要出去。4 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(限于某些動(dòng)詞表示按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事。主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事”。例如:Do you get

28、 off at the next stop? 你下一站下車嗎?The plane takes off at 11:00 a.m. 那架飛機(jī)上午十一點(diǎn)起飛。Mr. Reider is leaving for New York next week. 里德先生下周動(dòng)身去紐約。五、表示將來的五種常用非時(shí)態(tài)方式1. “be+不定式”:表示命令、安排、傾向或必須、義務(wù)等。如:She is to play Juliet. 她扮演朱麗葉。You are to make the necessary changes. 你要做出必要的改變。2. “be about to + 不定式”:表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,有“即將”

29、的意思,但不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語連用。如:The package is about to come unwrapped. 那個(gè)包快散開了。3. “be going + 不定式”:表示按計(jì)劃或安排打算去做某事,或表示有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。如:We are going to call her this evening. 我們打算今晚給她打電話。My sisters going to have a baby this summ er. 我姐姐今年夏天要生孩子。4. 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來:主要表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。如:The students are leaving on Sunday. 學(xué)生

30、們星期日出發(fā)。Were having a party next week. 我們下星期將開一個(gè)晚會(huì)。5. 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來:表示按規(guī)定或時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的事。如:We have a holiday tomorrow. 我們明天放假。The train leaves at 10:04 this evening. 火車今晚10:04分開。練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇( 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be( 2. Charl

31、ie _ here next month.A. isnt workingB. doesnt workingC. isnt going to workingD. wont work( 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; isB. is; isC. will be; will beD. is; will be( 4. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will beB. Will there beC. There can beD. There are( 5. If they c

32、ome, we _ a meeting.A. haveB. will haveC. hadD. would have( 6. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writesB. has writtenC. will writeD. wrote( 7. He _ in three days.A. coming backB. came backC. will come backD. is going to coming back( 8. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rainB. won

33、t rainC. doesnt rainD. doesnt fine( 9. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watchingB. watchesC. is watchingD. are going to watch( 10. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A. willB. isC. will beD. be( 11. - Lets go out to play football, shall we? - OK. I _.A. will comingB. be going

34、 to comeC. comeD. am coming( 12. It _ us a long time to learn English well.A. takesB. will takeC. spendsD. will spend( 13. The train _ at 11.A. going to arriveB. will be arriveC. is going toD. is arriving二、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _(leavein a minute. I _(finishall my work before I _ (leave.2. Marys birthday i

35、s next Monday, her mother _(giveher a present.3. -_ you _(behere this Saturday?-No. I _(visitmy teacher.4. -_ I _(getyou a copy of todays newspaper?-Thank you.5. I am afraid there _(bea meeting this afternoon. I cant join you.過去將來時(shí)一、概念:立足于過去某一時(shí)刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。二、常搭配的時(shí)間狀語:the next day(morning, year,

36、the following month(week,etc.三、基本結(jié)構(gòu):was/were going to + do;would/should + do; was/were to was/were about to+do否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑問句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。例句:I knew you would agree. 我知道你會(huì)同意的。I said I would arrange everything. 我說我來安排一切。四、基本用法表示過去的某時(shí)以后

37、將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但這個(gè)將來時(shí)間絕不會(huì)延伸到“現(xiàn)在”;而僅限于“過去時(shí)間區(qū)域內(nèi)”。由此可以看出,含這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的句子常帶一個(gè)表示“過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的狀語。這個(gè)狀語或是一個(gè)短語,或是一個(gè)句子。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)常用于:A賓語從句或間接引語中;B表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作;C表示過去情況中的“愿望”、“傾向”,多用于否定句。例如:A When I thought about it , I wondered what their reaction would be . 當(dāng)我考慮這件事時(shí),我想知道他們的反應(yīng)是什么。She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the nex

38、t day. 她告訴我,她第二天要去歐洲旅行。He didnt expect that we would all be there. 他沒料到我們會(huì)全在那兒。B During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段時(shí)間,他每天早鍛煉。Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 無論他什么時(shí)間有空,他總是幫他媽媽干點(diǎn)家務(wù)活。C No matter how difficult the work was , he would kee

39、p on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多難,他總會(huì)堅(jiān)持不懈地把它干完。They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他們知道我們絕不會(huì)允許發(fā)生這樣的事。Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave . 甚至在講座結(jié)束之后,聽眾仍不肯離去。練習(xí):I. 選擇填空1. Li Ming said he _happy if Brian_to China next month.A. as; comeB. was; would

40、comeC. would be; cameD. will be; come2. We were not sure whether they _ more vegetables.A. are going to growB. were going to growC. will growD. have grown3. She _ to work when the telephone rang.A. is goingB. will goC. was about to goD. is to goII. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit the Grea

41、t Wall next summer.2. She told him that she _(not stay here for long.3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come the next year.4. She said the bus _(leave at five the next morning.5. I wasnt sure whether he _(lend me his book the next morning.6. He was fifty-six. In two years he _(be fifty-eight.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一、概念:表示

42、現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。二、常搭配的時(shí)間狀語:now, at this time, these days, etc.三、基本結(jié)構(gòu):am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。例:Theyre having a meeting. 他們在開會(huì)。Im studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。Youre always interrupting me! 你老打斷我的話!(抱怨Shes always helping people. 她老是幫助別人。(贊揚(yáng)四、基本用法主要用來描述

43、“說話、寫文章的當(dāng)刻”正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,或是“現(xiàn)階段”一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。適用于下面的情況:1“說話、寫文章的當(dāng)刻”正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如:They are having a football match .他們正在賽足球。She is writing her term paper. 她正在寫學(xué)期論文。Someone is asking for you on the phone. 有人找你聽電話。2“現(xiàn)階段”一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這種情況并不是說某個(gè)動(dòng)作在說話的那會(huì)兒正在發(fā)生,而是說某個(gè)動(dòng)作在當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直在進(jìn)行著,或是重復(fù)地發(fā)生著。例如: He is preparing for CET Band

44、Six. 他在為大學(xué)英語六級考試作準(zhǔn)備。How are you getting along with your new job?你那份新工作干得怎么樣?3表示說話人的情感,如:贊許、批評;喜歡、厭惡等。這時(shí)的動(dòng)作并不是正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行,而是表示經(jīng)常性,相當(dāng)于“一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)”所描述的情況。例如: He is always thinking of others , not of himself . (表示贊許他總是為他人著想,而不為自己。She is often doing well at school. (表示滿意她在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)挺不錯(cuò)的。Are you feeling better today? (表

45、示親切你今天覺得好一些嗎?One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.(表示不滿我的一個(gè)室友老是亂扔?xùn)|西。Some sellers are often knocking at our door and promoting their products to us .(表示不喜歡有些推銷員老是敲我家的門,向我們推銷他們的產(chǎn)品。4表示在近期按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用于這種情況僅限于少量的動(dòng)詞,如:go , come , leave ,arrive , see , have , lunch( 吃午飯 , return, dine (

46、 進(jìn)餐,尤指晚餐 , work , sleep , stay , play , do , wear( 穿,戴 等。例如:Im dinning out with my friends this evening. 今晚我將和朋友在外面吃飯。An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon. 今天下午一位美國教授要來作報(bào)告。We are having a holiday next Wednesday. 下周三我們放假。Are you staying here till next week? 你要在這兒呆到下星期嗎?練習(xí):一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞

47、的現(xiàn)在分詞:play_run_swim_make_write_ski_have_sing_see_buy_live_take_get_stop_sit_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:1. Listen .Some girls _( singin the classroom .2. My mother _ ( cook some nice food now.3. What _ you _ ( do now?4.They _(not ,water the flowers now.5. Its 5 oclock now. We _(havesupper now6._Helen_(wash clot

48、hes? Yes ,she is三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換:1.Tom is reading books in his room now . (對劃線部分提問_2. My mother is cooking some nice food now. ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答_四、填空題1.Mr Zheng _ (read a book now.2. Listen! Someone is_(come.3. Look! He _ (dive now.4. Tom _ ( watch TV in the dining room.5. Come on. They _ ( leave now.6. Where

49、 is your mother?She _ (answer the phone.1.What_you_(do?2.I_(sing an English song.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一、概念:表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。二、時(shí)間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。三、基本結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(doing否定形式:was/were + not + doing.一般疑問句:把was或were放于句首。四、基本用法:主要表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。由于它的

50、定義是表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,所以,句子常帶有一個(gè)表示“過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的狀語。這個(gè)狀語可能是短語,詞組,或是一個(gè)從句。也可能是通過上下文來表達(dá)這層意思。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于下面的情景中:1表示在過去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,例如:At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天這時(shí)候,我正在收拾東西去露營。When I came to see her last time, she was writing an article.上次我來看她的時(shí)候,她正在寫一篇文章。What were you doing at eight last night ? 昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘你在做什么?2用于故事的開頭,交代故事發(fā)生的背景情況。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)所描述的動(dòng)作是“正在進(jìn)行”,所以,在這種情景中用“過去進(jìn)行時(shí)”可以給讀者一種“動(dòng)感”,從而能使文章更加生動(dòng)活潑。例如:One night, he was typing in his study . Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity