小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全以下均由本人整理,請(qǐng)同行多指點(diǎn),本人表示感謝、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)那么1 .般情況下,直接加 -s, 如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 .以 s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾,加-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以 輔音字母 y"結(jié)尾,變 y 為 i, 再力口-es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以“或fe '結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives L

2、eafleaves5 .不規(guī)那么名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫(xiě)出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheep_box_ strawberry _peachsandwichdishbusman woman二、一

3、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)根本用法介紹【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài).如： The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的.2. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作.如： I get up at six every day.我天天六點(diǎn)起床.3. 表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí).如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn).一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be 動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) be(am,is,are) 其它.如：I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩.2. 行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)行為動(dòng)詞(其它).如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ).當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,

4、it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s或"-es.如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ).【No. 2】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化.否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) be not其它.如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be主語(yǔ)其它.如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.非凡疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 一般疑問(wèn)句.如： Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化.否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ) don't( doesn't )動(dòng)詞原形(其它).如：I don't like bre

5、ad.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句.如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does )主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞原形 其它.如：-Do you often play football?-Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句.如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.動(dòng)詞s的變化規(guī)那么1 .一般情況下,直接加 -s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s.

6、 x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾,力口 -es, 如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以輔音字母 y 結(jié)尾,變 y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練：一、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay makelook have pass carrycome watch plant flystudy brush do teachwash二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1. He often(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy(be) i

7、n Class One.3. We(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they(like) the World Cup?6. What they often(do) on Saturdays?7. your parents(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water

8、 in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I' m staying in bed.16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the eve

9、ning.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day(be) it today?It ' s Saturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句根本結(jié)構(gòu)為be動(dòng)詞ing.3 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句在be后加not.4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首.5 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的非凡疑問(wèn)的根本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意be主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意be動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變

10、化規(guī)那么1 .一般情況下,直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking2 .以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾,去 e 加 ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3 .假設(shè)末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim makego like write skiread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空

11、：1. The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some nice food now.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look . They( have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She(

12、listen ) to music.9. It ' s 5 o ' clock now. We(have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、將來(lái)時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或預(yù)備做某事.句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year -),soon, the day after tomorrow (后天)等.二、根本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to do ； will do.三、否認(rèn)句：在 be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are ) l

13、后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 will后加not成won' °t例如：I ' m going to have a picnic this afternoon. f I ' m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空.1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊.I have a picnic with my friends.I have a pi

14、cnic with my friends.2. 我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)We learn English.We learn English.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1 .一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.2 . Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as.(was not=wasn )' t(2) are 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere.( were not=weren )' t3 .句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否認(rèn)句： didn '動(dòng)詞原形,如： Jim didn '

15、 t go home yesterday.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)那么：1 .一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ed ,如：work_-worked , cook-cooked2 .結(jié)尾是 e 加 d,如：live lived3 .末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如：stop-stopped4 .以 輔音字母 y 結(jié)尾的,變 y為i, 再加-ed,如：study-studied5 .不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,come-ca

16、me, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read,write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式isam plant aredrink play go makedoes dance worry asktaste eat putkick pass doBe動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)1Name No.Date一、 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He a

17、t the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2

18、. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)Name No.Date一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunda

19、y? Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she(find) in the garden last morning? She(find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性I me my mineyou you youryourshe him his hisshe her her hersitit its its we us our ours

20、they them theirtheirs習(xí)題一. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is very big. ( I )2. The dress is. Give it to. ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, it' s not. ( I )4.is my is Jack. Look! Those stamps are . ( he )二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I a boy.you a boy? No, I not.

21、2. The girl Jack's sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom?6. Where your mother? She at home.7. How your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao at school.9. Whose dress this?10. Whose socks they?具體用法1. Hello的用法：Hello的意思為 您好,一般可作為熟人,親朋好友之間的打招呼用語(yǔ),語(yǔ)氣比較

22、隨便,例如：Hello,Li Hua!你好,李華.Hello,Tom!你好,湯姆！Hello也可以用以引起某人注意,常用在打 時(shí)或者在路上碰見(jiàn)熟人時(shí),相當(dāng)于中文中的喂,有時(shí)也可用 Hi來(lái)代替hello ,但前者顯得更隨便.2. What's your name? 的用法：當(dāng)兩人初次見(jiàn)面互相詢問(wèn)姓名時(shí),可用 What's your name?來(lái)提問(wèn),答復(fù)時(shí),可用My nameis 來(lái)答復(fù),接著反問(wèn)對(duì)方時(shí),可用 And what's your name?來(lái)提問(wèn).例如：Hi!What's your name?Hi!My name is Lucy.And what

23、9;s your name?My name is Wang Ying.你好,你叫什么名字你好,我叫露西.你叫什么名字我叫王英.句中的 What's是 What is的縮寫(xiě)形式.3. Good morning,class (teacher).的用法：Good morning,class.同學(xué)們好.Good morning , teacher.老師好這是上午上課時(shí),老師和全班同學(xué)互相問(wèn)候時(shí)用語(yǔ).Good morning 是上午問(wèn)候時(shí)的用語(yǔ),多用于熟人,朋友或家人之間,是比較正式的問(wèn)候用語(yǔ).句中問(wèn)候語(yǔ)放在前面,稱呼語(yǔ)那么要放在后面,并用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi).例如：Good morning.Mr.Whit

24、e.懷特先生,你好.4.英語(yǔ)字母：英語(yǔ)中有26個(gè)字母,每一字母有大寫(xiě)形式和小寫(xiě)形式兩種.大小寫(xiě)形式如下：A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I IJ j K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R rS s T t U u V v W w X x Y y Z z1. Are you ?的用法.這是一疑問(wèn)句型,意思是 你是嗎 用來(lái)詢問(wèn)姓名,職業(yè),身份等,例如：Are you a worker? 你是一名工人嗎Are you a student? 你是學(xué)生嗎答復(fù)時(shí)用Yes,I am.是的,我是.或者 No,I'm not.不,我不是來(lái)答復(fù),注意

25、Yes 和No后面都有逗號(hào),不能省略.2. Nice to meet you. 的用法：這是兩位初次見(jiàn)面相識(shí)后的用語(yǔ),意思是見(jiàn)到你很快樂(lè).見(jiàn)面相識(shí)可由自我介紹,第三者介紹或者詢問(wèn)相識(shí).例如：Hello!I'm Xiao Hua.Hello!I'm Xiao Li.Nice to meet you,Xiao Li.Nice to meet you,too,Xiao Hua.你好,我是小華你好,我是小李.小李,見(jiàn)到你我很快樂(lè).小華,見(jiàn)到你我也很快樂(lè).3. Where is的用法：這一句型表示 某物或某人在什么地方".它同中文的句型結(jié)構(gòu)不一樣,where在前,而某物或某人在

26、后,例如：Where is my book?我的書(shū)在哪兒It's there.在這兒.Where is Tom?Tom在哪兒He is here.他在這兒.句中的 where is 可以縮寫(xiě)成 “where's：4. am,is和are的用法：這三個(gè)詞都是 是的含義,但用法比中文中的 是要復(fù)雜,英語(yǔ)中的am,is和are都是be的 變化形式,根據(jù)不同的主語(yǔ)選用不同的動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ) I用am,表示復(fù)數(shù)的主語(yǔ)和單數(shù) “you那么要用 are,其它那么用is.I am a teacher. 我是教師.You are a worker. 你是一個(gè)工人.You are students.你們

27、是學(xué)生.She is Miss Gao.她是高小姐.This book is mine. 這本書(shū)是我的.【與熟人打招呼】：英美人一天中見(jiàn)面都要打招呼,根據(jù)一天中不同的時(shí)間選用不同的說(shuō)法,早上和上午時(shí)說(shuō)Good morning,下午時(shí)說(shuō),Good afternoon,晚上見(jiàn)面時(shí)那么要說(shuō)Good evening.對(duì)方也用相同的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)來(lái)答復(fù).例如：Good morning,Mr.Green.Good morning,Miss Li.Sorry的用法】：Sorry表示 對(duì)不起或 抱歉,用于對(duì)自己的過(guò)錯(cuò),失誤,不能做某事或者不能提供對(duì)方的 請(qǐng)求時(shí)常用sorry或者I'm sorry來(lái)表示.例如：

28、Can you spell your name?你能拼一下你的名字嗎I'm sorry.I can't. 對(duì)不起,我不能.What's the time,please? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)幾點(diǎn)鐘了 ?Sorry,I don't know. 對(duì)不起,我不知道.Excuse me 的用法】：這是用于向某人詢問(wèn)一件事或提出請(qǐng)求而打攪某人時(shí)的用語(yǔ).意思是對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)問(wèn).例如：Excuse me!Where is my bag? 對(duì)不起,我的包在哪兒呢Excuse me!Are you Teacher Wang?對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)問(wèn)你是王老師嗎What's的用法】：這個(gè)句型用于詢問(wèn)某人叫什么或者某個(gè)東西是什么,例如：What's this?It's a book.這是什么這是一本書(shū).What's your name? 你叫什么名字My name is Lucy. 我叫 Lucy.英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法第一單元名詞名詞