牛津譯林版8bunit7被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)

1、8B被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)一、概念：表示動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的句子是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。二、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換。summ已:t主胡譜態(tài)屮狀語(yǔ)vus 血sumjn就 *被動(dòng)雷態(tài) 賓語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)杲+j® That fictofv曲芒 d主營(yíng) 謂胃主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)口訣：主變賓，賓變主，謂語(yǔ)變 be done ,時(shí)不變，be”要隨著主語(yǔ)變.三、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+be( is/am/are) +過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) People use knives for cutting things. They produce silk in Suz

2、hou and Hangzhou. They speak English in Canada. They grow rice in South China. People use metal（金屬）for making machines. Where do people plant the trees?2. 一般過去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+be( was/were)+過去分詞done+其它 把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The wind blew dow n the big tree last ni ght. My sister took these photos on the Great Wall. They

3、built many tall build ings in their hometow n last year. When did you invent the strange machine?3. 一般將來時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+will+ be（不變形）+過去分詞done+其它或主語(yǔ)+be going to+ be（不變形）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) They will build another bridge in the city next year. Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday?a spor

4、ts meeti ngin our school n ext Friday ? They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening.A lot of pop starsto the charity show this evening. We are not going to hold a parents ' meeting tomorrow.A parents，meetingtomorrow.4. 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be （不變形）+過去分詞done+其它 把下列句子改為被動(dòng)

5、語(yǔ)態(tài) Amy can take good care of Tina. You can find a lot of differe nces betwee n the two Ian guages. They should collect money for the project. We can finish the work in two days. We must water the flowers every day.四、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意點(diǎn)：1. 感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中后接不帶to動(dòng)詞不定式變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要加上“to ”即：-see/hear/noticesb. do sth

6、.變?yōu)榱?sb. be seen/heard/noticedto do sth.let/make/havesb. do sth.變?yōu)榱?sb. be let/made/had to do sth.把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The boss makes the workers work all day. I ofte n hear her sing in the room. I saw him en ter the readi ng room yesterday after noon. Daniel saw the boy run yesterday.2. 常見變被動(dòng)的表達(dá)see sb. doin

7、g sb. be seen doing hear sb. doing sb. be heard doing watch sb. doin sb. be watched doing notice sb. doing sb. be noticed doing tell sb. to do k sb. be told to do ask sb. to do sb. be asked to doinvited sb. to do sb. be invited to do 把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) We saw them playing soccer over there. He asked me to

8、buy some sugar.3. 含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)(sb)+直接賓語(yǔ)(sth)主語(yǔ)(sb) +be done+ 直接賓語(yǔ)(sth)+by sbk 主語(yǔ)(sth) +be done+to/for+ 間接賓語(yǔ)(sb)+by sb 把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) We gave our teachers some flowers.Our teachersSome flowers My mother will buy me a new coat.I A new coat Lily sent me a New Year card last week.I A new card 4.

9、 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中“動(dòng)詞 +介詞”或“動(dòng)詞 +副詞”的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，介詞或副詞不可 拆開或漏掉。要整體搬遷。把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) They look after the girl well. He often laughs at the poor boy.五、幾種不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況：1.不及物動(dòng)詞( vi )沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) , 直接用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義。如： happen, cost, die, fall ,start/begin, rise, appear, disappear,etc.用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子這臺(tái)電腦花了我 5000 元。 (cost)昨天他發(fā)生了一起事故。(happe

10、n)他爺爺 3 年前去世了。(die)2. 一些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu), 直接用主動(dòng)形式來表示被動(dòng)意義。如：take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong to等用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子 我校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在下周舉辦。 (take place)我的自行車壞了。 ( break down 完成時(shí)) I hope that your dream (come ) true in the future.3. 系動(dòng)詞( linking V )沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ( seem, look, become, g

11、et, grow, turn, remain, stay, sound, feel, smell, taste 等)用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子這食物嘗起來味道很好。 (taste) 他的主意聽起來不錯(cuò)。 (sound) 她的新裙子摸起來很柔軟。 (feel) 4.有些動(dòng)詞既是及物又是不及物， 當(dāng)他們與 well, badly, easily 等副詞連用時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品 質(zhì)或性能，無被動(dòng)形式。常見的動(dòng)詞有 read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean 等 用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子書很好賣。 (sell) 區(qū)別：書在這家商店被賣出。 這筆寫起來很順滑。(write , smo

12、othly) 這衣服很好洗。(wash)六、綜合練習(xí)A. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面)1.1 t's said(據(jù)說)that the long bridge ( build)in two mon ths .2. Which Ianguagethe most widely (speak) in the world ?3. Last year a large number of trees (cut) down .4. The stude ntsofte n(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.5. T

13、he old man is ill. He(must send) to the hospital.6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits(sell) in this shop.7. Whatkni ves (make) of ?They(make) of metal(金屬)and wood.8. Can the magaz ine(take) out of the library?9. The room(clea n) by me every day.10. The stars can ' (see) in the daytime.11. The flowers(

14、water) by Li Ming yesterday.12. This kind of shoes(sell) well.13. How longyour uncle(be) in the city?14. The food(smell) delicious.15. Look! Some one(dan ce).B. 按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。1.Is tea grown in South China ?(改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))peopletea in South China ?2.1 am given a birthday present by my parents every year .(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)A birthday presentby my parents every year .3. The work is going to be finished in two days.( 對(duì)戈U線提問 )Howthe work going to be fini shed ?4. The children will sing an English song.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))An En glish songby the childre n.5. People use metal for making machines.(改