主謂一致課件(非常適合上課用)課件

1、 22. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. (2011江蘇卷）江蘇卷）A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting【解析】考查時態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：仍有許多人在公共【解析】考查時態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：仍有許多人在公共場合抽煙，這個事實表明我們需要一場全國性的運動來增場合抽煙，這個事實表明我們需要一場

2、全國性的運動來增強抽煙有害健康的意識。強抽煙有害健康的意識?！敬鸢浮俊敬鸢浮緽 35. All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming damaging our health. (2012湖南卷）湖南卷）A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is【解析】句意：所有的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明：農(nóng)業(yè)方面越來越多【解析】句意：所有的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明：農(nóng)業(yè)方面越來越多的使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)正在損害著我們的健康。主語是的使用化學(xué)物質(zhì)正在損害著我們的健康。主語是evidenc

3、e “證據(jù)（不可數(shù)名詞）證據(jù)（不可數(shù)名詞）”，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)式，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)式shows，賓語從句的主語是賓語從句的主語是use “使用（不可數(shù)名詞）使用（不可數(shù)名詞）”，所以要用，所以要用is?！敬鸢浮俊敬鸢浮緿主謂一致主謂一致AGREEMENTUseful structures語法詳解：語法詳解： 所謂主謂一致是指所謂主謂一致是指主語主語和和謂語動詞謂語動詞之之間間, ,即主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著即主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著謂語動詞對應(yīng)的形式。謂語動詞對應(yīng)的形式。The boy _ diving.They _ diving.Both Jack and Tim _ div

4、ing.All of them _ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob Bob _ a worker.isMike Mike and Bob _ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _a teacher.isBill Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them _ workers.

5、None of them _ (know) how to teach English.are knows/know主謂一致主要有以下幾種情況：主謂一致主要有以下幾種情況：1. and連接兩個或兩個以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞連接兩個或兩個以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞作主語的時候作主語的時候,謂語動詞有以下謂語動詞有以下兩種兩種情況：情況：(1) He and she _both students of this school. 他和她都是這個學(xué)校的學(xué)生。他和她都是這個學(xué)校的學(xué)生。如果指兩個或兩個以上如果指兩個或兩個以上不同的不同的人或事物的時人或事物的時候候,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。一、語法一致原則一

6、、語法一致原則are(2) 但如果連接兩個以上的名詞指的是但如果連接兩個以上的名詞指的是同同一個人或物一個人或物, 或者指或者指同一概念同一概念的時候的時候, 謂語要用謂語要用單數(shù)單數(shù)。 The singer and dancer_ going to give us a performance. 那個歌唱家兼舞蹈演員要給我們表演。那個歌唱家兼舞蹈演員要給我們表演。 The knife and fork _on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。刀叉在桌子上。 isis2. 如果主語是不定式如果主語是不定式, 動詞動詞ing形式或主語從句形式或主語從句的時候的時候,謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。謂語動詞

7、一般用單數(shù)。When he is coming _ very important. 他什么時候要來看起來很重要。他什么時候要來看起來很重要。 Collecting stamps _ his hobby. 收集郵票是他的愛好。收集郵票是他的愛好。 To love her _ not to break her wings. 愛她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的翅膀。愛她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的翅膀。seemsisis3. 定語從句的關(guān)系代詞定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who, which, that在從句中作主語時，要與先行詞的人在從句中作主語時，要與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。稱和數(shù)保持一致。 Those who_ s

8、inging may join us. Tom, who _ your friend, should help you. enjoyis4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有這些連接詞和主如果句子中有這些連接詞和主語連用語連用,謂語動詞的數(shù)謂語動詞的數(shù)隨主語的變化而隨主語的變化而變化變化。例如：。例如：The teacher, together with his students, _ planting trees in the s

9、treet. 老師和他的學(xué)生們正在街道上植樹。老師和他的學(xué)生們正在街道上植樹。isMr. Black , as well as two women, _ at the office.isMr. Black with, together with, along witheither . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or在句子中連接主在句子中連接主語的時候或者在語的時候或者在there be句型中句型中,謂語謂語動詞要和就近的主語保持一致。動詞要和就近的主語保持一致。二、就近原則二、就近原則Neither you nor I _

10、wrong. There _ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amisNot only the students but also the teacher _ for a holiday. wishes三、概念一致原則三、概念一致原則 所謂概念一致原則是指謂語動詞和主所謂概念一致原則是指謂語動詞和主語一致不是取決于主語的語法形式語一致不是取決于主語的語法形式, 而而是其是其實際意義實際意義。有的主語名詞在形式上有的主語名詞在形式上是單數(shù)是單數(shù), 但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；有的主但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；有的主語名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù)語名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù), 但

11、在意義上卻但在意義上卻是單數(shù)是單數(shù)。1. 不定代詞不定代詞all, more, some, any, none作主語作主語,謂語動詞視情況而定。謂語動詞視情況而定。All of the apples _rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。所有的蘋果都爛了。All of the apple _rotten. 整個蘋果都爛了。整個蘋果都爛了。 are isNone of the money_ left. 沒有剩下一點錢。沒有剩下一點錢。None of the students _ there. 沒有學(xué)生在那里。沒有學(xué)生在那里。 is isNone None 和和 neither neither 有時

12、當(dāng)作單數(shù)看待，有時有時當(dāng)作單數(shù)看待，有時當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待，主要根據(jù)說話人的意思決定。當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)看待，主要根據(jù)說話人的意思決定。做主語時，謂動可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。但做主語時，謂動可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。但在代表不可數(shù)名詞時?？醋鲉螖?shù)，因而謂動在代表不可數(shù)名詞時?？醋鲉螖?shù)，因而謂動須用單數(shù)。須用單數(shù)。Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English.None of them _ (know) how to teach English. knows/know knows/know2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority

13、of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名詞作主語的時候在句子中加名詞作主語的時候,謂語謂語動詞與動詞與of后面的名詞后面的名詞保持一致。保持一致。Half of the students _finished theircomposition. 一半的學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們的作文。一半的學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們的作文。Half of the apple _bad. 一半的蘋果壞了。一半的蘋果壞了。About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _boys. 我們學(xué)校我們學(xué)校, 大約百分之六十的學(xué)生是男生大約百分之六十的學(xué)生是男生.ha

14、veisare3. 集合名詞作主語集合名詞作主語, 動詞可用單數(shù)動詞可用單數(shù), 也可也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子的意思決定。以用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子的意思決定。強調(diào)強調(diào)整體整體謂語動詞用單數(shù)；指謂語動詞用單數(shù)；指全體人全體人員員時時, 動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見的集動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見的集合名詞有合名詞有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。His family _going out. 他們?nèi)乙獬觥Ｋ麄內(nèi)乙獬?。His family _all music lovers. 他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳窅酆谜?。他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳窅酆谜?。i

15、s are 4. 某些名詞如某些名詞如people, police, cattle等等,形式上形式上是單數(shù)是單數(shù), 但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù), 謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)。people指指“民族民族”時是例外。時是例外。 The police _ searching for a thief. The cattle _ eating grass on the hill.areare5. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語復(fù)合不定代詞作主語, 謂語動詞要用謂語動詞要用單單數(shù)數(shù)，如，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, ever

16、ybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。Someone_ asking for you. 有人找你。有人找你。Nothing _ found in the room. 在屋子里什么也沒找到。在屋子里什么也沒找到。isis6. 某些名詞如某些名詞如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等等, 通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但但當(dāng)它們被當(dāng)它們被a pair of 修飾時修飾時, 謂語動詞謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如用單數(shù)。如: The shoes _ worn out. 鞋子破了。鞋子破了。 The pa

17、ir of shoes _ worn out. 這雙鞋破了。這雙鞋破了。 areis名詞如名詞如trousers, pants, shorts, trousers, pants, shorts, glasses, scissorsglasses, scissors以及以及clothes, goodsclothes, goods等等做主語，謂動要用復(fù)數(shù)；但當(dāng)這類詞前有做主語，謂動要用復(fù)數(shù)；但當(dāng)這類詞前有a/the pair ofa/the pair of修飾時，謂動用單數(shù)修飾時，謂動用單數(shù)。 某些名詞以某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如結(jié)尾如maths, politics, physics, news, pla

18、stics 等，謂語動詞等，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。應(yīng)用單數(shù)。 物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。 Physics is a very interesting subject.8. every. and every .; each . and each .; no . and no . 在以上短語中在以上短語中and連接連接的單數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)名詞, 整個短語在句中作主語時整個短語在句中作主語時, 謂語動詞常使用單數(shù)。謂語動詞常使用單數(shù)。 Each man and each woman_ asked to attend. is班級中的每個男孩女孩都很用功。班級中的每個男孩女孩都很用功。聽不

19、到任何聲音。聽不到任何聲音。Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent.No sound and no voice is heard.9. 以以a number of 作主語時作主語時, 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù); 以以the number of 作主語時作主語時, 謂語謂語動詞用單數(shù)。動詞用單數(shù)。 A number of new books_ on the desk. The number of students in you class _ 50. areis10. 有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣, 作主

20、作主語的時候語的時候, 其謂語動詞由上下文決定其謂語動詞由上下文決定, 這一類名詞有這一類名詞有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。等。 Not every means _ useful. 不是每種方法都好使。不是每種方法都好使。 Not all means _ useful. 不是所有的方法都好使。不是所有的方法都好使。isare11. many a, more than one, one and a half與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語, 謂語用單數(shù)。謂語用單數(shù)。 Many a boy _ seen it.

21、 許多孩子都看到了。許多孩子都看到了。12. 書刊名、時間、距離、價格、度量衡書刊名、時間、距離、價格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時, 謂語動詞常用謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。單數(shù)。 Thirty years _ not a long time. Roots is a famous American novel.hasis1. this kind of book = a book of this kind (這種書這種書) , 其謂語用單數(shù)其謂語用單數(shù); 短語短語this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口語口語)

22、 (這一類人這一類人), 但但this kind of men 的謂語用單數(shù)的謂語用單數(shù), men of this kind 和和these kind of men 的謂語的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)用復(fù)數(shù), all kinds of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 謂謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：應(yīng)該注意的幾個問題應(yīng)該注意的幾個問題: This kind of men _ dangerous. Men of this kind _dangerous.2. 在主謂倒裝的句子中在主謂倒裝的句子中,謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。例如與其后的主語一致。例如: Between the two

23、windows _ a picture.isarehangs3. “分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以構(gòu)成的短語以及由及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名詞名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時構(gòu)成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞要與短語中其謂語動詞要與短語中of 后面的名詞后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致的數(shù)保持一致,這是因為短語中后面的這是因為短語中后面的名詞是中心詞名詞是中心詞,而短語中前面的量詞是而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語。例如修飾語。例如:Lots of dama

24、ge_ caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here _women.和這種情況類似的還有和這種情況類似的還有“a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。但是但是,“the number of + 名詞名詞”的中心詞卻是的中心詞卻是number。試。試比較：比較： wasisareA number of students _ gone to the countryside to help with the autum

25、n harvest.The number of pages in this book _ two hundred.haveis注意注意:a (large) quantity of 修飾可數(shù)或不可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)名詞, 其短語作主語時其短語作主語時,謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)。單數(shù)。A large quantity of people _ needed here.isquantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短其短語作主語時語作主語時,謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。例如謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:Quantities of food (nuts) _ on the tabl

26、e.短語短語in quantity, in large quantities 意為意為 “大量大量”; in small quantities 意為意為“少少量量”。 were4. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修飾修飾不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語作主語時其短語作主語時, 謂語動謂語動詞通常用詞通常用單數(shù)單數(shù); large amounts of 修飾修飾不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語作主語時其短語作主語時, 謂語動謂語動詞通常用詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。例如。例如:A large amount of (A great deal of) damage _ do

27、ne in a very short time.Large amounts of money _ spent on the bridge.waswere5. 表示數(shù)量的表示數(shù)量的one and a half 后后, 名詞要名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式用復(fù)數(shù)形式, 但是其短語作主語時但是其短語作主語時,謂謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： One and a half bananas _ left on the table.is6. 如果主語由如果主語由“the + 形容詞形容詞(或過去分詞或過去分詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任時結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任時,謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù)謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù);這類詞有這類詞有: the brav

28、e, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dub, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等等; 但也有少數(shù)但也有少數(shù)的過去分詞與定冠詞連用時指個別的過去分詞與定冠詞連用時指個別,則用則用單數(shù)。例如：單數(shù)。例如：The blind _ in special school.The departed(死者死者)_ a well-known engineer.這類形容詞或分詞如果要表示個體時這類形

29、容詞或分詞如果要表示個體時,就就要與名詞要與名詞man, person 或表示人的單數(shù)連或表示人的單數(shù)連用。例如用。例如: an old man, a rich person, the (a) wounded soldier.studywas主謂一致練習(xí)1. Now Tom with his classmates _ football on the playground.A. play B. are playingC. plays D. is playing2. Thirty dollars _ too expensive.A. are B. is C. were D. be3. If any

30、body _, please put down _ name, said the teacher to the monitor.A. wants to buy the book/his B. want to buy the book/theirC. will buy the book/ones D. wants to have the book bought/her4. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _ in the room.A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left5. Between the two roads _

31、 a TV tower called Skyscraper Tower.A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand6. - Shall I wait here for three hours? -Yes. Three hours _ to wait for such a doctor.A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough for youC. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you7. Every student

32、 and every teacher _.A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meetingC. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting8. This pair of shoes _.A. is her B. is hersC. are hers D. are her9.What we need _good textbooks. A. is B. are C. have D. has10._ has been done. A. ninetynine per

33、cents of the work B. Half of what he promised C. Two-fifths of the articles D. Three quarter of the business Supplementary Exercises Multiple choice:1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company command

34、er said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were D. has4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was5. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known6. All but one _ here just

35、 now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were7. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 9. The number of people invited _

36、 fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 10. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 高考鏈接高考鏈接1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _

37、of desert _ covered the land.(上海上海2001） A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; haveB精析精析：a large number of 后面要接復(fù)數(shù)后面要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以名詞，所以A不能作為答案。因不能作為答案。因為為desert是單數(shù)，所以要填是單數(shù)，所以要填 has。這句話的意思是這句話的意思是“毀壞森林的毀壞森林的結(jié)果是，大片沙漠覆蓋了陸結(jié)果是，大片沙漠覆蓋了陸地地”答案答案 B2. _ of the land in that district _ covered w

38、ith trees and grass.(上海上海2000) A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, areC精析精析: 分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞分?jǐn)?shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)分母用序數(shù)詞表示詞表示.如果分子大于如果分子大于1, 分母序數(shù)分母序數(shù)詞后加詞后加-s. 分?jǐn)?shù)和百分比作主語時分?jǐn)?shù)和百分比作主語時,謂語動詞的形式取決于分?jǐn)?shù)和百分謂語動詞的形式取決于分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞數(shù)后面的名詞.句子中的主語句子中的主語 land是單數(shù)是單數(shù),所以謂語動詞要用所以謂語動詞要用is covered. 答案答案C.

39、3 - Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _ to go to university. - So do I.（全國（全國1998） A. hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hopeA精析：精析：這句話的主語是這句話的主語是 Each of the students，是單數(shù)，所以要，是單數(shù)，所以要 hopes 選作謂語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語選作謂語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語working hard at his or her lessons 作狀語，作狀語，表示伴隨的情況。有的考生盲目地表示伴隨的情況。有的考

40、生盲目地把把 lessons 當(dāng)成了主語，填寫了當(dāng)成了主語，填寫了hope，發(fā)生了錯誤。本題的譯文：，發(fā)生了錯誤。本題的譯文：每一個努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都想上大學(xué)。每一個努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都想上大學(xué)。我也是。答案我也是。答案 A。4. _ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.（上海（上海2001） A. Several million B. Many millions C. Several millions D. Many millionA精析精析: 在在million前如果有具體的數(shù)字或前如果有具體的數(shù)字或 s

41、everal等詞時，要用單數(shù)形式。等詞時，要用單數(shù)形式。 many一般不與一般不與 million等詞連用等詞連用. 表示表示“數(shù)百萬數(shù)百萬”，英語為，英語為 millions of。這句話的意思是。這句話的意思是“每每天，世界上有幾十萬人通過天，世界上有幾十萬人通過 e-mail傳遞信息。傳遞信息?！贝鸢复鸢?A。5.The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. (NMET96) A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D

42、. were; wereC6. The number of students in this school _ by 5% every year.(MET92) A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises the number of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語，作主語，表示表示的數(shù)目的數(shù)目(數(shù)量數(shù)量)，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；單數(shù)；a number of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作作主語，表示主語，表示許多許多，謂語動詞用，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)。C7. A good deal of money _ spent on books.(MET84) A. have

43、 B. has C. have been D. has beenD9. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. (MET90)A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offeredA10. E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication. (上海上海99) A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. p

44、layA11. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. (MET86)A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known12. All but one _ here just now. (MET87)A. is B. was C. has been D. wereDB13. Either you or the headmaster _ the prize to these gifted students at the meeting.(上海上海94) A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are h

45、anding out D. is to hand outD14. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.(MET87) A. is B. are C. am D. beB15. She is one of the few girls who _ in the kindergarten.(上海上海94) A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is paying well D. are paying wellB16. He is the o

46、nly one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.(上海上海2002春春) A. is B. are C. have been D. has beenD17. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.(上海上海2000) A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; areC分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞名詞作主語時作主語時,謂

47、語動詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)一致。謂語動詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)一致。18.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.(MET91) A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decidedA動名詞、不定式或從句作主語時，動名詞、不定式或從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。倒裝句及倒裝句及there be句型中，謂語動詞句型中，謂語動詞往往與最鄰近的一個主語保持一致。往往與最鄰近的一個主語保持一致。19.There _ no life on the

48、moon. (MET92) A. is said to have B. are said to have C. is said to be D. are said to beC20. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons，_ to go to university.(上海上海98) A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hopedBeither/neither/each+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。21. A group of _ are eating _

49、 and _ at the foot of the hill. (NMET95) A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafsA22.Every possible means _ to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (上海上海2000春春) A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been usedC單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名

50、詞作主語時，依照意義單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時，依照意義一致的原則，表示單數(shù)意義時，謂語用一致的原則，表示單數(shù)意義時，謂語用單數(shù)；反之，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類名單數(shù)；反之，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類名詞有：詞有：sheep, deer, means(方法、手方法、手段段),works(工廠工廠),species(種類種類)過關(guān)落實過關(guān)落實1.A survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health. A.show；are B.shows；is C.sho

51、w；is D.shows；are 解析：解析：“a survey”a survey”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；表時間，距離，作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；表時間，距離， 金錢的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。金錢的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。 答案：答案：B2.We live day by day，but in the great things，the time of days and weeks _ so small that a day is unimportant. A.is B.are C.has been D.have been 解析：解析：主語是主語是“the time”t

52、he time”，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 答案：答案：A 3.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long. A.is B.are C.was D.were 解析：解析：此處此處oneonethird third 指指one third of 20 notebook one third of 20 notebook computers computers，故為復(fù)數(shù)；與，故為復(fù)數(shù)；與nownow相

53、對，用過去時。相對，用過去時。 答案：答案：D4.Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the Johnsons. A.are B.is C.being D.to be 解析：解析：主語為主語為“大部分對大部分對Smith Smith 夫婦的說法夫婦的說法”，看成單數(shù)，謂，看成單數(shù)，謂語語 動詞用動詞用isis。 答案：答案：B 5.A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow aft

54、ernoon. A.is B.are C.was D.were 解析：解析：a poet and artista poet and artist指一個人，既是詩人，也是藝術(shù)家。指一個人，既是詩人，也是藝術(shù)家。 答案：答案：A6.The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going 解析：解析：主語仍為主語仍為the fatherthe father，單數(shù)形式；，單數(shù)形式；

55、as well as his three as well as his three children children作句子的狀語，不影響謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。作句子的狀語，不影響謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。 答案：答案：C 7._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifth；is B.Two fifth；are C.Two fifths；is D.Two fifths；are 解析：解析：表示分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子大于一，分母表示分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子大于一，分母( (序數(shù)詞形式序數(shù)詞形式) )加加s s；主語；主語 為為landland，不可數(shù)，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。，不可數(shù)，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 答案：答案：C8.Every possible means _ to prevent the air polluti