英語聽力：聽力場(chǎng)景相關(guān)詞匯與句型

1、聽力場(chǎng)景相關(guān)詞匯與句型:1 常見說話者之間的關(guān)系及相關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞對(duì)于人物職業(yè)和關(guān)系題,考生應(yīng)特別注意說話者的用詞及相互間的稱呼,還要留意是否使用敬語,而且不同職業(yè)的人用語也不同,例如waitress會(huì)談到menu,food,order,drink等詞,下面列舉一些常見的有關(guān)關(guān)系以及職業(yè)的關(guān)鍵詞。teachers and students(師生之間關(guān)鍵詞:quit school 休學(xué)make-up exam 補(bǔ)考drop out 退學(xué)exam(考試,quiz(測(cè)驗(yàn),term paper(學(xué)期論文,homework/assignment(家庭作業(yè),course/lesson(課程,credit(學(xué)分;

2、classmates(同學(xué)之間關(guān)鍵詞:students union(學(xué)生會(huì),student center(學(xué)生活動(dòng)中心,dormitory(學(xué)生宿合,absent from school(缺課,note(筆記;librarian and student(圖書館員與學(xué)生之間關(guān)鍵詞:loan desk 借書處library card 借書證stacks 書庫(kù)periodical 期刊circulation desk 借書處journal 專業(yè)性刊物library catalogue 圖書館的圖書目錄fiction/novel(小說,reference book(參考書,reading room(閱

3、覽室,magazine(雜志,renew(續(xù)借,due(到期;shop assistant and customer(售貨員與顧客關(guān)鍵詞:auction,sale 便宜貨selling season 暢銷季節(jié)dresser's 服飾店fabric 織物,織品marked price 標(biāo)價(jià)pattern 花紋、式樣、圖案make ends meet 收支平衡check-out stand 付款柜臺(tái)return purchase 退貨receipt 發(fā)票one price 不還價(jià)cash or charge? 付現(xiàn)金還是支票?ready-made 成衣Are you done? 就買這些嗎

4、?(也有“吃完了嗎?”的意思 bargain(討價(jià)還價(jià),fashion(服飾,receipt(收據(jù),cashier(收銀員,check-out stand(結(jié)賬臺(tái),department store(百貨公司,supermarket(超市,discount(折扣,cash(現(xiàn)金,credit card(信用卡;waiter/waitress and diner(侍者和客人關(guān)鍵詞:appetizer 開胃的菜或飲料tray 餐盤seasoning 調(diào)味well-done 全熟的rare 半熟的buffet 自助餐(臺(tái)cafeteria 自助餐廳paper napkin 餐巾紙May I take

5、your order now? 您現(xiàn)在點(diǎn)菜嗎?We've jammed,我們已經(jīng)客滿了。May we have a table, please? 請(qǐng)給我們一張桌位好嗎? menu(菜單,order(點(diǎn)菜,food(食品,dessert(甜點(diǎn),salad(沙拉,soup(湯,coffee(咖啡,soft drink(軟飲料,wine(酒;doctor and patient(醫(yī)生和病人關(guān)鍵詞:pneumonia 肺炎indigestion 消化不良hepatitis 肝炎first-aid kit 急救箱tonsillitis 扁桃體炎gauze 沙布ulcer 潰瘍stethoscop

6、e 聽診器itch,itchy 癢inpatient department住院部TB (tuberculosis肺結(jié)核wards 病房burns 燒傷inoculate 打預(yù)防針strain 扭傷give first-aid treatment 急救fever(發(fā)燒,catch a cold(感冒,cough(咳嗽,headache(頭痛,prescription(藥方,doctor(醫(yī)生,toothache(牙痛,Whats the matter with you?(你哪不舒服?;host/hostess and guest(主人和客人關(guān)鍵詞:invitation(邀請(qǐng),dinner(晚餐,

7、help yourself(自便,delicious(美味的,have a wonderful evening(過一個(gè)愉快的晚上;2 與時(shí)間、數(shù)字相關(guān)的常用詞匯及表達(dá)方式百hundred千thousand百萬million十億billion前天the day before yesterday后天the day after tomorrow每隔一天every other day或every two days;每天daily每周weekly每月monthly每年annual/yearly10年decade100年century提前5分鐘five minutes early/ahead of tim

8、e/ahead of schedule, early by 5 minutes, etc.推遲/遲到8分鐘eight minutes late/behind schedule, late by eight minutes, to be delayed/ postponed for eight minutes, etc.美元dollar美分cent英鎊pound便士penny歐元European dollar/euro鈔票bill硬幣coin零錢change$ 18.26 eighteen dollars twenty-six cents或eighteen twenty-six打折on sale

9、/discount六折at a 60 % discount半價(jià)half price兩倍double三倍triple3與容量、重量、長(zhǎng)度相關(guān)的詞匯加侖gallon品脫pint盎司ounce夸脫quart磅pound英尺foot/feet(pl.英寸inch碼yard 英里mile4 校園campus校園dorm(dormitory宿舍student ID學(xué)生證teaching building教學(xué)樓dinning hall餐廳clinic診所,醫(yī)務(wù)室laboratory實(shí)驗(yàn)室gym(gymnasium體育館playground操場(chǎng)registration注冊(cè)academic year學(xué)年term

10、/semester學(xué)期teaching assistant助教lecturer講師professor教授freshman大一新生sophomore大二學(xué)生junior大三學(xué)生senior大四學(xué)生undergraduate本科生graduate/postgraduate研究生doctorate student博士生full-time student全日制學(xué)生required/compulsory course必修課optional/elective course選修課majors主修科目major in主修minors輔修科目minor in輔修credit hours學(xué)時(shí)credits 學(xué)分t

11、uition 學(xué)費(fèi)research paper研究報(bào)告teaching practice教育實(shí)習(xí)graduate 畢業(yè)thesis/essay/dissertation 論文diploma文憑,畢業(yè)證書bachelors degree學(xué)士學(xué)位masters degree碩士學(xué)位doctors degree博士學(xué)位quiz/test 小測(cè)驗(yàn)mid-term exam期中考試final期末考試make-up exam補(bǔ)考fail in the examination考試不及格entrance exam入學(xué)考試scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金5圖書館reading room閱覽室magazine雜志pu

12、blication出版物periodical期刊fiction/novel小說latest issue新刊current issue現(xiàn)刊back issue過刊reference room資料室bibliography參考書目stacks書庫(kù)book shelves書架open-shelf system開架look up查找library card借書證loan desk借書處due到期renew續(xù)借overdue超期pay the fine罰款6 郵電局mail category 郵件種類surface mail;regular平信express letter 快信mail郵件registe

13、red letter掛號(hào)信Express Mail Service(EMS郵政特快專遞urgent letter急件telegram電報(bào)postcard明信片package包裹parcel form 包裹單weight 重量overweight超重stamp郵票postage郵資money order郵政匯票remittance匯款remitter 匯款人money order 匯票make a phone call打電話area code區(qū)域代號(hào)local call市內(nèi)電話collect call對(duì)方付費(fèi)電話distance call/trunk call長(zhǎng)途電話operator總臺(tái),接線員

14、international airmail 國(guó)際航空郵件insurance 保險(xiǎn)(費(fèi)declaration value 保價(jià)金額postal code;zip code郵政編碼customs charge 驗(yàn)關(guān)費(fèi);報(bào)關(guān)費(fèi)printed matter 印刷品sender 寄件人receiver 收件人receipt for mail 郵件收據(jù)telegram 電報(bào)to claim parcels 領(lǐng)包裹postage 郵費(fèi)date and time of posting交寄日期時(shí)間7 商店Can I help you?/What can I do for you? 能為您效勞嗎? receipt

15、收款,收據(jù)department store百貨公司Gentlemans Department男子用品部Ladys Department婦女用品部Sportswear Department體育用品部elevator 電梯supermarket超市escalator電動(dòng)扶梯price tag標(biāo)價(jià)簽trolley手推車daily necessities 日用品fashion式樣,款式texture(織物的質(zhì)地out of style過時(shí)的in fashion流行的brand牌子,商標(biāo)sweater毛衣,運(yùn)動(dòng)衫jeans牛仔褲jacket夾克,護(hù)套shop assistant售貨員cashier收銀員

16、bargain討價(jià)還價(jià)8 餐館waiter/waitress服務(wù)生menu菜單order點(diǎn)菜main course主菜dish菜soup湯soft drink軟飲料dessert甜點(diǎn)salad沙拉bill帳單tip小費(fèi)go Dutch各付各的帳9 醫(yī)院registration office掛號(hào)處registration fee掛號(hào)費(fèi)wards病房operation room手術(shù)室dentist牙醫(yī)doctor醫(yī)生physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeon外科醫(yī)生in poor condition/shape(身體狀況不適suffer from患病come down with害病,得病lose a

17、ppetite沒胃口fever發(fā)燒flu(influenza流感g(shù)et a temperature發(fā)燒catch a cold著涼sore throat喉嚨痛stomachache胃痛splitting headache頭痛欲裂toothache牙痛indigestion消化不良dizzy眩暈的feel ones pulse把脈diagnosis診斷take a temperature量體溫write out a prescription/prescribe開處方pills藥丸dose劑量,服用量capsule膠囊tablet藥丸片劑10 銀行open an account開戶account

18、number賬號(hào)passbook/folder銀行存折deposit money存款withdraw/draw取款interest利息interest rate利率exchange rate兌換率deposit account/fixed account定期存款savings account活期儲(chǔ)蓄存款戶頭currency貨幣foreign currency外幣cash現(xiàn)金check支票credit card信用卡bank clerk銀行職員overdraft 透支balance 結(jié)余finance 融通endorse 背書11 機(jī)場(chǎng)information booth 詢問處restricte

19、d articles 禁帶物品cabin door 機(jī)艙門transit passenger 過境旅客gate 登機(jī)門connection 中轉(zhuǎn)first class 一等艙difference in time 時(shí)差economy class 經(jīng)濟(jì)艙airsick 暈機(jī)single ticket 單程票buckle 扣住return ticket 回程票flight航班direct flight直達(dá)航班airline/airways航空公司ticket office售票處ticket agency機(jī)票代理商book a ticket訂票baggage/luggage行李boarding car

20、d/pass登機(jī)卡boarding gate登機(jī)口stewardess空姐fasten the seatbelt系安全帶airsick暈機(jī)first class頭等艙economy class經(jīng)濟(jì)艙take off起飛land著陸departure time 離開時(shí)間arrival time到達(dá)時(shí)間passport護(hù)照visa簽證go through the formalities辦理手續(xù)luggage check行李檢查12 火車站waiting-room候車室information desk問訊處platform 月臺(tái),站臺(tái)sleeping car臥鋪車廂one-way ticket 單程

21、票round-trip/return ticket雙程票13 賓館front desk/reception desk前臺(tái);接待處lounge 門廳,休息室make a room reservation預(yù)定房間book a room訂房single room with a bath帶浴室的單人房double rooms雙人房suite套房,套間receptionist接待員attendant侍者check in 登記(住宿r(nóng)egistration form 登記表check out結(jié)賬pay in cash現(xiàn)金支付pay by check支票支付Hotel: reception, vacant

22、beds, single room, double room, book a room, bath, lavatory, occupy a room, full, front desk, porter, tipLibrary: borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, call number, due, over-due, fine, novel, renew, fiction, magazine, bookshelfMeeting: for (支持, against (反對(duì), proposal, report, speech, suggest,

23、 disagree, agree, decide, point out, argue, chairman, conclusionPost office: mail, post, postage, stamp, parcel, telegram, urgent cable, airmail, registered letter, money orderRestaurant: reservation, bar, order, soft drink, dessert, salad, soup, menu, bread, potato, tomato, tablesalt, toast beef, m

24、eat, mutton, chicken, fry, pie, cake, I'm full, bill, waiter, waitress, go DutchStore: size, colour, style, price, cost, cheap, What can I do for you? How much does it cost? fashion, expensive, counter, department, check out, brand, fresh, cash, pay, shop girl, assistantSchool: department, Bachelor's degree. Master's degree, Doctor's degree, Campus, le