動詞表示人或事物的動作或狀態(tài)

1、動詞表示人或事物的動作或狀態(tài)。根據其在句中的功能，動詞可分為四類，分別是實義動詞（指某個具體的靜態(tài) 如:think, love等或動態(tài)如:run, walk等）、系動詞（常用的是be, feel, get, look, taste等）、助動詞（常用的是do, does, did等用來構成否定句及疑問 句）、情態(tài)動詞（常用的有can, may, must, shall, should等，情態(tài)動詞后一定要 跟動詞原形）。1）動詞的基本形式絕大多數動詞都有五種基本形式:動詞原形、一般現在時第三人稱單數、現在 分詞、過去式和過去分詞。A. 第三人稱單數形式的構成一般現在時主語是第三人稱單數時，謂語動詞

2、后要加s或es,其變化規(guī)則與名 詞變復數的方法大體相同：1. 般悄況下只在動詞后加s,如work-works, writewrites.2. 以 o, s, x, sh, ch 結尾的動詞，后加 es,如 guess-guesses, mix-mixes,finish-finishes, catch-catches.3. 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞，改y為i加es,如study-studies.注:不規(guī)則變化的有have-hasB. 現在分詞的構成1. 般情況下在動詞后加 ing,如 study-studying, work-working.2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞，先去掉e再加ing,

3、如write-writing,move-moving.3. 以一個元音字母和一個輔音結尾的重讀音節(jié)結尾的動詞，要雙寫末尾一個 輔音字母，再力口 ing,如 get-getting, begin-beginning.4. 以ie結尾的名詞，一般將ie改為y,再加ing,如lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying.C. 過去式和過去分詞的構成1. 般'惰況直接加 ed,如 ask-asked, work-worked.2. 以不發(fā)音的e結尾，只加d,如love-loved, dance-danced.3. 以輔音字母加y結尾，把y變?yōu)閕加ed,如try-tried,

4、study-studied.4. 以一個元音字母和一個輔音結尾的重讀音節(jié)結尾的動詞，先雙寫末尾一個 字母，再加ed,如stop-stopped.練習：I. 用be動詞的適當形式填空1. your fat her a worker ? Yes, he .2. They in the classroom.3. Where my books ?4. These her pears5. How much the T-shirt?6. How much the socks?70m? mother forty last year8. You can in our school music club9. L

5、et's friends10. He and I friends11. Someone in the room12. There some apples on the table yesterday.II.劃出每句中正確的詞1. (Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?2. (Where/What)are your baseball?3. (Do/Does)Mary have a clock?4. (Are/Do)they want to see a movie?5. (Is/Can)she play the violin?6. I (don't/ doe

6、sn't)like hamburgers7. Why does Alice (likes/like)music?8. Who (am/is) your father?9. (What/What's) her favorite subject?10. How much (are/is) her socks?11. I (am, is,was,were) busylast week12. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.13. I (walk, walks,walked, walking)to sch

7、oollastSaturday.14. Rose (doesnot,did not, )visither unclelastmonth15There (is,was,are, were)a lotof peopleoverthereten yearsago. Ill.寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數、現在分詞和過去式。如:look - looks - looking- lookeddrinkgostaymaketeachridehavepass carry come watch . plant . fly study . brush . read run write . swim get say t

8、ake . see begin .danceIV用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Let me(help) you find your purse2.Would you like(buy) things for New Year's Day?3.I like(make) kites4.He can(skate) better than ME.5.You must(listen) to your teacher in class6.They enjoy(play) basketbal1.7.She wants(watch) cartoons8. It's time for知識要點2).

9、 般現在時us( read) books一般現在時的用法：1表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day我每天六點 起床。3表示客觀現實。如:The earth goes around the sun地球繞著太陽轉。4. 有時這個時態(tài)表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作(句中都帶有時間狀語)，但 限于少數動詞,如:begin, come, leave, go , arrive, start , stop, return, open, close 等。如：The meeting begin

10、s at seven會議 7 點開始。5. 在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用一般現在時表示將來。如：If you come this afternoon, we' 11 have a meeting如果你今天下午來, 我們將開會。一般現在時的結構：1. be動詞:主語+be (am , is, are) +其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如:We study English.我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she, it)時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。 如:Mary l

11、ikes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。般現在時常用的時間詞:often, usually, sometimes, every day (week, year)等。練習：I. 用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) the World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Sat

12、urdays?7. your parents (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening10. There (be) some water in the bottle11. Mike (like) cooking12. They (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always (do) yo

13、ur homework wel1.15. I (be) ill. I'm staying in bed16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao (do) not like PE.18. The child often (watch) TV in the evening19. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.20. -What day (be) it today?-It,s SaturdayII.改錯（劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）1. Is

14、your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. 5. She don，t do her homework on Sundays. 知識要點3）.現在進行時現在進行時的用法：.現在進行時表示現在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活 動或現階段正在進行的動作?，F在進行時的結構：be+動詞ing.現在進行時常見的標志詞:now, Look! Listen!現在進行時還可以表示將來如：He

15、is flying to Beijing tomorrow.他明天將乘飛機去北京。練習：I.用所給的動詞的正確形式填空:1. The boy ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls ( sing) in the classroom 3. My mother ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look! They ( have) an English lesson 6. They (not , water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girl

16、s (dance ) in the classroom 8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music.9. It's 5 o'clock now. We (have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes , she is 11. 1s ten o'clock My mot her (lie) in bed 12. What he (mend) ?13. We (play) games now.14. What you(do) these days?15. he

17、 (clean) the classroom?16. Who(sing)in the next room?17. The girl(like)wearing a sweater Look! She (wear)a redsweater today. II.單項選擇()1.Look! He their mother do the houseworkA. is helpingB. are helpC. is help D is helpping()2 are theboys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .WhoB . How C. What D.

18、Where()3 Don't talk here My mother A. is sleeping B are sleeping C sleeping D sleep()4. Danny Don't call him.A. is writ eing B .is writing C writing D writes()5 一When he back? 一 Sorry, I don't knowA. does, comeB. are , comingC. is , comeD. is , coming()6 The children footbal1.A. is playi

19、ngB. are playingC play theD. play a()7 Listen! She in the classroom.A. is singingB. sing C to sing D is sing()8 It's six in the afternoon. The Greens lunch together.A. hasB. are havingC. have hadD. had had()9. Some Germans (visit) our school.A. is visitingB. are visitingC visit D visiting()10. I

20、 want to know when he for New York tomorrowA. has leftB. is leavingC had leftD. has been leavingA. is visitingB. are visitingC. visit D visiting()15.Some Germans (visit) our school知識要點4) . 一般將來時一般將來時的用法:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做 某事。般將來時的基本結構:be going to + do;®will+ do.一般將來時常用的時間詞：tomorrow, next

21、 week (month, year)，soon, the day after tomorrow, in+一段時間等。練習:1. 填空。1我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friendsI have a picnic with my friends2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛？我將去打籃球。Whatnext Monday? I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketbal 1.3. 你們打算什么時候見面。What time youmeet?II.用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Today i

22、s a sunny day. We (have) a picnic thisafternoon.2. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week3. Tom often(go) to school on foot.But today is rainy. He (go) to school by bike4. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually (watch)TV and (catch) insects?5. It's Friday today. What she (do) this weekend?

23、She (watch) TV and (catch) insects6. What you (do) next Sunday? I (milk)cows 7. Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.9. I (plan) for my study now知識要點5) . 一般過去時一般過去時的用法:間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連 用。一般過去時也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。1. 過去某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e. g. I bought

24、 a new shirt yesterda y.He was a worker two years ago.2. 過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。e. g. When I was a child, I often played with fire Li Lei always walked to school last term3談到已故人的情況時多用過去時。e. g. Lu Xun was a great writer.般現在時常用的時間詞:yesterday或山其構成的短語，yesterday morning 由"last "構成的短語last year由"時間段+ago"構成的短語，e. g. three days ago;另外在賓語從句中主句 為過去時,一般從句也用過去時.練習：I.單項選擇。().