針對(duì)高考 攻情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)解析I. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義，但不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)；它們要與行為動(dòng)詞或連系動(dòng)詞連用構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)；表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)有關(guān)行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法，認(rèn)為其可能、應(yīng)該或必要等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加動(dòng)詞原形。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在句中放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前若有助動(dòng)詞,則在助動(dòng)詞之前,疑問(wèn)句中, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞則在主語(yǔ)之前。適用于主語(yǔ)的各種人稱(chēng)和數(shù)（have to例外）。II. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞?？键c(diǎn) A. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法1. can/could、be able to、表有做某事的能力（could是can的過(guò)去時(shí)）；但如果這種能力得以實(shí)現(xiàn)用be able to。I can go cycling in the

2、evening . The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out .、表示請(qǐng)求和許可；could表示請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣委婉，主要用于疑問(wèn)句，不可用于肯定句, 回答語(yǔ)要用can。-Could I use your bike ?-Yes , of course you can ./No. you cant.、表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句或驚嘆句中）。 Cant you wear a flower ? 難道不可以只戴朵花嗎？How can you be so care

3、less! 你怎么會(huì)如此粗心呢！How can you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article ?、用于一些固定句型中：、can not/never.tooenough表示"無(wú)論怎樣也不過(guò)分"，"越越好"，“在也不為過(guò)”。 、can but do sth. 只能.，只好。I can but do my best .我只好盡力了。、cant help doing sth. 情不自禁干、cant but do 不得不

4、 I can not but choose to go. 我只好去。 2. may和might的用法、表示請(qǐng)求、允許。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比may的語(yǔ)氣更委婉一些，但回答時(shí)不能用might; 肯定回答應(yīng)用may/can; 否定回答用cant, 或用mustn't表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有強(qiáng)烈禁止的意思)。如： Might I use your pen? No, you maynt/cant/mustn't. 用May I . 征詢(xún)對(duì)方許可在文體上比較正式，在口氣上比較客氣。在日常口語(yǔ)中，用Can I . 征詢(xún)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)在現(xiàn)代口語(yǔ)中更為常見(jiàn)。、用于祈使句中

5、表示期望或祝愿。如： May you succeed/happy! May you good luck!、用于目的狀語(yǔ)從句中“為了”，“以便”。Study hard and you may work better in the future .、用于一些固定句型中：、may well do sth. “干是理所當(dāng)然的” We may well say so. 你當(dāng)然可以這樣講。、may/maight as well do sth.=had better do sth. 最好干 We may as well stay where we are . 我們還是呆在原地。3、must和have to、

6、表示必須、必要（must表示主觀多一些而have to則表示客觀多一些）?；卮餸ust引出的問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn't，而要用needn't或don't have to/ havent got to。 - Must we hand in our exercises today ? - Yes, you must . /No, you neednt /don't have to/ havent got to.、表示主張：“偏要， 一定要， 硬要” If you must go , at least wait till the rain stop

7、s . 、表示不可避免性：“必然要， 必定會(huì)”All men must die. 4. shall/shouldShall：、一、三人稱(chēng)，向?qū)Ψ秸髑笠庖?jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)求（多用在問(wèn)句中）；Shall we begin our lesson ?、二、三人稱(chēng)，（多用于肯定句中）表說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾、強(qiáng)制、決心或威脅；You shall fail if you dont work harder.、用于所有的人稱(chēng)，表示按規(guī)章制度、法律、法令或約定“必須”；It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until

8、 all the papers have been collected .Should：、should 可用來(lái)表示“萬(wàn)一”；If it should rain tomorrow , dont expect me .= Should it rain tomorrow , dont expect me.、should表示勸告、義務(wù)、建議或命令；Should I open the window ?、Should可表示說(shuō)話人的驚訝、憤怒、失望等特殊情感，“竟然”；Its unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song .- Turn

9、 off the TV, Jack . Shouldnt you be doing your homework now ?- Mum, just ten more minutes , please .、Why /How should sb. do sth. ? 表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事不能理解，感到意外、驚異等意，“竟會(huì)”； Why should you be so late today? 你幾天怎么來(lái)得這么晚？5、will/wouldWill : 、表主觀意愿； Will you accept his offer ? 、用于祈使句的附加疑問(wèn)句； Dont go now , will you ？Wou

10、ld: 、表主觀意愿； She said she would take care of the child . 、表請(qǐng)求和建議，比will 更委婉； Would you please do me a favor ? 、表過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作； He would go swimming in summer when he was in the countryside . 、用于虛擬條件句，表與事實(shí)相反或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的情況； Would you like to/rather do/ mind doing ?6. need/dare Need: 、做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句、問(wèn)句中；肯定句中多用must

11、/have to/ought to/ should; 、-Need I come tonight ? - Yes, you must ./No, you neednt. 、You neednt go there so early. 、做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 其后跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等；跟動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義。You didnt need to hurry . The garden needs watering/to be watered .Dare : 、作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。有過(guò)去分詞dared。 She dare not go out alone

12、at night.   她晚上不敢一個(gè)人出去。 How dare you say Im unfair?   你竟敢說(shuō)我不公平?_、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式；否定句中，to?？墒÷浴e should dare to give our own opinion.   我們要敢于提出自己的觀點(diǎn)He did not dare (to) look up.   他不敢抬頭看。 He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day. 他不敢告訴老師那天

13、發(fā)生的事。 I dare say為固定習(xí)語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于I think。7、used to表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在不復(fù)發(fā)生或存在；疑問(wèn)式和否定式有兩種。例如： 、 There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down.   街道拐角處過(guò)去有座樓房,現(xiàn)在拆了。、 I usednt (didnt use) to smoke.   我過(guò)去不抽煙。、Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你過(guò)去常步行去學(xué)校

14、嗎?8、ought to、 表義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)該”(因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做),口氣比should稍重。例如:、 You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父親,應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。 、 You oughtnt to smoke so much.   你不應(yīng)該抽這么多煙、 表推測(cè),暗含很大的可能,語(yǔ)氣較弱。例如:、 Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韓梅該知道他的電話號(hào)碼。、 Theres a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine d

15、ay tomorrow.  今天有晚霞,明天應(yīng)該是個(gè)好天。B、表推測(cè)1.must、表推測(cè)時(shí)只能用于肯定句中，表達(dá)的語(yǔ)義也是肯定的，譯為“準(zhǔn)是”、“一定是”等。如：Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is ? _ She must be in the classroom . I saw her there just now.、當(dāng)對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行推測(cè)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是：must have done ；意義是：過(guò)去準(zhǔn)是發(fā)生什么了如：It must have been Tom that parked the car here , as he is the only one

16、with a car .-She looks very happy . She must have passed the exam .-I guess so .Its not difficult after all. 2. can (could)、用于肯定句中，表一種合符客觀事實(shí)的、或是有一定的事實(shí)依據(jù)的推測(cè)。意為“可能”。如：The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be very slow .Peter can be really difficult at times

17、 even though hes a nice person in general.、用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中表推測(cè)，語(yǔ)義比較肯定，譯為“準(zhǔn)不是”、“一定不會(huì)”等。 如：You cant be hungry already - you had lunch only two hours ago . Theres no light on -they cant be at home .、could have done/ couldnt have done表過(guò)去有能力做但未做/過(guò)去沒(méi)能力卻做了。如：Thank you for all your hard work last week . I dont th

18、ink we could have managed it without you . My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared . Who could have taken it ?3. may/might、表推測(cè)一種事情發(fā)生的可能性，表示不確定。譯為“可能”、“也許”。May/might “可能不”。如：Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they may just be quiet people .Although this may sound li

19、ke a simple task , great care is needed .Peter may/might come with us tonight ,but he isnt sure yet .、may/might have done 表示“本來(lái)可能”,但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事。還可表示“本來(lái)可以做某事”，有輕微的責(zé)備意。 Sorry Im late . I may /might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again . - I cant find my purse anywhere . - You may

20、/ might have lost it while shopping .4. should 、should + v.表推測(cè)時(shí)，意是按道理應(yīng)該怎么樣。 、What do you mean, there are only ten tickets ? There should be twelve . 、- Hows your tour around the North Lake ? Is it beautiful ?- It should be , but it is now heavily polluted .、should + have done /not have done 表示原本應(yīng)該做但

21、未做/不應(yīng)該做但做了；含有責(zé)備的意味。Should可以被ought to 替代。 I was really anxious about you . You shouldnt have left home without a word . There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party . You ought to have come . but why didnt you ? 、should 用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子中，構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。Should還可以用在if引導(dǎo)的條件從句，表示一件事聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能性很小，但也不是完全沒(méi)有可能 ，相當(dāng)于“萬(wàn)一”的意思。從句謂語(yǔ)由shou

22、ld加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，主句謂語(yǔ)卻不一定用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。5.need/neednt have done 表示有必要干卻沒(méi)干/沒(méi)必要做卻做了。 As you worked late yesterday , you neednt have come this morning .III. 練習(xí)拔高A、典型例題    -Could I borrow your dictionary?    -Yes, of course, you_.      A. might B. will  C. can 

23、; D. should    答案C。 could表示語(yǔ)氣的委婉,并不表示時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)中的of course,表示語(yǔ)氣的肯定,允許某人做某事時(shí),用can和 may來(lái)表達(dá),不能用could或might。    【注意】 will 與you連用,用來(lái)提出要求或下命令。should與you 連用,用來(lái)提出勸告。  -Shall I tell John about it?    -No, you _. I've told him already.    A. need

24、n't  B. wouldn't  C. mustn't  D. shouldn't    答案A。needn't 不必,不用。 wouldn't 將不, 不會(huì)的。 mustn't 禁止、不能。 shouldn't 不應(yīng)該。本題為不需要,不必的意思,應(yīng)用needn't。   、(NMET2005福建)Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks. You _ it. I could

25、 manage it myself. A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done【解析】根據(jù)句意可知Catherine對(duì)對(duì)方為她打掃了房間表示感謝并提到對(duì)方不必為她打掃房間?！敬鸢浮緽、(NMET2007上海春) The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we go to work tomorrow. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt【解析】老板給所有的員工放了假，所以我們明天不必再去上班。【答案】C

26、、(NMET2005上海)There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt【解析】句意：既然你在駕校進(jìn)行了大量訓(xùn)練，那么通過(guò)道路測(cè)試按理不應(yīng)該有困難?！敬鸢浮緾、（NMET2005全國(guó)）John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?AMust BCan CMay DN

27、eed【解析】must在這兩道試題中均表示“非得，偏要”?！敬鸢浮俊 B、真題演練2007年高考    1. Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?    It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. (全國(guó)卷I)    A. will              

28、;    B. would             C. should         D. must   2. Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. (上海卷)    Great! You _ read widely and put a lot of work int

29、o it.    A. must   B. should C. must have           D. should have 3. The teacher _have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn't have wasted time on him, I suppose. (安徽卷)    A. should  &#

30、160;    B. can         C. would          D. must 4. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you_ take care of your luggage. (北京卷)    A. can   

31、;         B. may          C. must           D. will5. My MP4 player isnt in my bag. Where _I have put it? (福建卷)    A. can  &#

32、160;         B. must           C. should             D. would6. The biggest problem for most plants, which _ just get up and run away when t

33、hreatened, is that animals like to eat them. (湖南卷)    A. shant      B. cant      C. neednt       D. mustnt  7. She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. (江蘇卷)   

34、I guess so. Its not difficult after all.    A. should       B. could            C. must           D. might8. Where is my dictionary? I remember I

35、 put it here yesterday.    You _it in the wrong place. (江西卷)    A. must put        B. should have put   C .might put       D. might have put9. Turn off the TV. Jack, _ your homework now?

36、0;   Mum, just ten more minutes, please. (遼寧卷)    A. Should you be doing                B. Shouldn't you be doing       C. Couldn't you be doing    

37、;           D. Will you be doing10. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I  have driven her their. (陜西卷)    A. could         B. must     

38、;  C. might          D. should11. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we  go to work tomorrow. (上海春)    A. cant      B. mustnt C. neednt   D. shouldnt12. 一What does t

39、he sign over there read?    一“No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”(四川卷)    A. will         B. may      C. shall         D

40、. must13. My cats really fat.    You _ have given her so much food. (浙江卷)    A. wouldnt     B. couldnt    C. shouldnt     D. mustnt   14. What do you think we can do for our aged parents? &#

41、160;  You _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.    A. dont have to    B. oughtnt to   C. mustnt   D. cant 2008年高考1. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometime. (福建卷) 

42、0;  A. must         B. can         C. should           D. would2. You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. You _ find the book by

43、the title.(湖南卷)   A.    must       B. need         C. can           D. would 3. Im sorry. I _ at you the other day.    Forget

44、 it. I was a bit out of control myself. (江蘇卷)    A. shouldnt shout                    B. shouldnt have shouted    C. mustnt shout       

45、;                D. mustnt have shouted4. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. (山東卷)    A. can manage          

46、60;                 B. could have managed                    C. could manage        &

47、#160;               D. can have managed5. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.    A. need have done              

48、60;      B. must have done    C. can have done                      D. might have done 6. Peter _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice

49、person in general. (遼寧卷)    A. shall        B. should      C. can       D. must7. Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling.     A. will 

50、0;     B. can           C. must       D. may8. -What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?     -Well, it _ be bigthats not important.    A. mustnt&#

51、160;     B. neednt       C. cant       D. won10. Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.     A. must          B. may 

52、0;      C. shall         D. should9. You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!     A. wouldnt      B. cant     C. mustnt     

53、0; D. neednt10. John promised his doctor he _not smoke, and he has smoked ever since. (北京卷)    A. might          B. should      C. could          D. would.11. S

54、he _ have left school, for her bike is still here. (天津卷)    A. cant       B. wouldnt    C. shouldnt    D. neednt12. -I cant find my purse anywhere. (重慶卷)    - You _ have lost it while shopping.&#

55、160;   A. may       B. can       C. should      D. would  13.  According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. (上海卷)    A. ma

56、y         B. can       C. would        D. should09高考題練 1.（四川卷13）I dont care what people think.Well, you _ A. could     B. would   C. should  

57、;      D. might2.（江蘇卷28）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _it differently. A. could express                        B. would express C.

58、could have expressed                 D. must have expressed 3.（全國(guó)卷I 25）What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve.   A. should   B. would C. will    

59、 D. shall4.（湖南卷30） Its the office! So you _ know eating is not allowed here.                   Oh, sorry. A. must     B. will     C. may    D. need &#

60、160;     5.（遼寧卷29）The traffic is heavy these days. I _ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place? A can       B must     C need     D might6.（全國(guó)卷II 20）I cant leave. She told me that I _ stay here unt

61、il she comes back.   A. can       B. must     C. will       D. may7.（浙江卷13）The doctor recommended that you_swim after eating a large meal. A wouldnt  B couldnt  C neednt  D shouldn

62、t 8.（重慶卷32）Hi, Tom . Any idea where Jane is? She _in the classroom . I saw her there just now. A. shall be  B. should have been C. must be  D. might have been9.（北京卷25）One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A. need

63、    B. must    C. should   D. can10.（天津卷15）This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.   A. would    B. should     C. could   

64、60;  D. might11. （上海）It _ have been Tom that parked the car here , as is the only one with a car .A. may B. can C. must D. should 12. （安徽）Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy ; they _ just be quiet people .A. must B. may C. should D. would13. (安徽)But for their help , w

65、e _ the program in time .A. cannt finish B. wont C. hadnt finish D. couldnt have finished14. （江蘇）He didnt regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently .A. could have expressed B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed C、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1. -Shall I tell John about i

66、t?     -No, you_. Ive told him already.     A. neednt        B. wouldnt       C. mustnt      D. shouldn -There were already five people in the car, but managed to take me as well.&

67、#160;   -It _ a comfortable journey.    A. mustnt have been    B. cant be     C. couldnt have been D. shouldnt be     3 -Why didnt you come to see me?     -I _, but I was too busy yesterday.  

68、60; A. like to         B. should like to     C. would like to have        D. am going to  4. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.    A. might 

69、;     B. need          C. should       D. would 5. There was plenty of time; she _.    A. mustnt have hurried          &

70、#160;    B. neednt have hurried    C. may not have hurried               D. wouldnt have hurried 6. -Is John coming by air?    -He should, but _ not. He likes taking trains. &

71、#160;  A. must       B. can       C. need         D. may 7. -_ it be Li Ping who broke the glass?    -No. It _ be Wang Hai who did it.    A. Could; ma

72、y    B. Can; can    C. May; must      D. Can; must  8. When the old man was alive, he _ sit for hours at the door.    A. would      B. could      

73、; C. must     D. might  9. Jack, you _ play with the knife; you _ hurt yourself.    A. wont; cant      B. mustnt; may     C. shouldnt; must           D. cant; should 10. Ive decided to take t