考研英語主語從句語法突破

1、考研英語主語從句語法突破考研英語主語從句語法突破一、主語從句的定義：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的句子叫做主語從句。二、常規(guī)主語從句示例：連詞 that 引導(dǎo)1)That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成了寫作震驚了我們所有人。2)That he is still alive is a wonder.他還活著，真是奇跡。3)That we shall be late is certain.我們要晚了，這是確定無疑的。4)That he should have igno

2、red the working class was natural.他忽視工人階級是很自然的。5)That she became an artist may have been due to her father sinfluence.她成為畫家可能是受她父親的影響。6)That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.你將來倫敦是好久以來我聽到的最好消息。7)That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village.她被挑選上，在她村子

3、里引起很大轟動。連詞 whether 引導(dǎo)1)Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.我們明天是否外出仍未可知。2)Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.是否對我們有害還要看一看。3)Whether they would support us was a problem. 他們是否會支持我 們還是一個問題。關(guān)系代詞型What 引導(dǎo)1)What caused the accident remains unknown. 什么原因引起了這場事 故不清楚。2)What we

4、 nee is time. 我們需要的 . 是時間。3)What we need are good doctors. 我們需要的是優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生。4)What s done is done. 事已成定局。5)What he says is not important. 他說的話并不重要。6)What I am telling you is mere impressions.我和你說的都不過是一些印象而已。7)What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water.為河水增色的是水里的荷花。連接代詞引導(dǎo)

5、1)Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet.兩強相爭勇者勝。2)Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.無論 ( 你們 ) 誰先到都可以得獎。3)Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪個哪個就是你的。4)Whatever you did is right. 無論你做什么都是對的。連接副詞引導(dǎo)1)When we arrive doesn t matter. 什么時候到?jīng)]有關(guān)系。2)How this happened

6、 is not clear to anyone. 這件事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰 也不清楚。3)How many people we are to invite is still a question.邀請多少人還是一個問題。4)Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里過暑 假不關(guān)你的事。關(guān)系代詞 Who, whom, whose 引導(dǎo)1)Whose watch was lost is unknown. 誰的表丟了還不知道。2)Who will be our monitor hasn t been decided yet. 誰將是我們的

7、班長還沒有決定。3)Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.我們必須向誰學(xué)習(xí)是一個非常重要的問題。三、常規(guī)主語從句語法規(guī)則小結(jié)：1. 引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞有that, whether, who, whose, whom, what,whatever 等。2. 連詞位于句首不能省略。3. 主語從句大多數(shù)情況下視為“三單” ( 第三人稱單數(shù)) ，但也有例外，如例 3. 3) 和 3. 7) 。四、由 it 引導(dǎo)的形式主語從句有時為了考慮句子平衡，通常在主語從句處使用形式主語it ，而將真正的主語從句移至句末。這分三種情況：(1

8、) 對于以連詞 that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常用形式主語 it 代替真正的主 語：It s a pity that he didn t come. 很遺憾他沒來。It is important that he should know about this.他必須知道此事。It s vital that we be present. 我們出席是至關(guān)重要的。大家的意圖是讓你當(dāng)候It was intended that you be the candidate.選人。It is important that this mission not fail.這項使命不失敗至關(guān)重要。It is essent

9、ial that a meeting be convened this week.本周開一次會非常重要。It is appropriate that this tax be abolished.廢除這個稅是恰當(dāng)?shù)?。It s unfair that so many people should lose their jobs.竟有這么多人失業(yè)這是不公平的。It s amazing that she should have said nothing about it.她竟未談及此事令人驚訝。It s unthinkable that they should deny my request.他們竟然拒

10、絕我的請求，這是不可思議的。(2) 對于以連接代詞 ( 副詞 ) 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以使用形式主語代主語從 句，也可直接在句首使用主語從句：Whether they would support us was a problem. 他們是否會支持我們 還是一個問題。It was a problem whether they would support us.他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 它對我 們是利是害，還得看看再說。(3) 對關(guān)系代詞型what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，通常直接將主語

11、從句放在句首。What we need is money. 我們需要的是錢。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是這一點。有時也可將助用形式主語。 如：It is clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。(4) 如果句子是疑問句，則必須用帶形式主語it 的結(jié)構(gòu)：s father? 他是那女孩的父親，是真Is it true that he is the girl的嗎How is it that you are late again?你怎么又遲到了 ?五、連詞 that 的省略問題引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞 that 有時可省，有時不能省，其原則是：若that引導(dǎo)的主語從句直接位于句首，則 that 不能省略 ; 若 t