機(jī)械密封沖洗教程

1、November 2004JC Tianjin TrainingModule 4.3Integral (internal) recirculationfrom pump discharge to seal內(nèi)部循環(huán)從泵的出口到密封內(nèi)部循環(huán)從泵的出口到密封 - No external piping 沒有外部沖洗 - Changing flow rate required dismantling of pump 改變流量需要拆泵 - For clean pumpages only 只能是適用干凈的介質(zhì)API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Points to Note for AP

2、I Plan 02: API 02 沖洗方案應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：沖洗方案應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：-The injection tapping is used for venting prior to startup. -在開車前在開車前，注入口用來進(jìn)行放空，注入口用來進(jìn)行放空-API plan 02 is often used together with plan 62, especially on high temperature bellows seals.沖洗方案沖洗方案02經(jīng)常與經(jīng)常與62一起用，特別是用在高溫一起用，特別是用在高溫波紋管密封波紋管密封API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案

3、沖洗方案No flushing to the mechanical seal (dead-ended)機(jī)械密封里沒有沖洗機(jī)械密封里沒有沖洗Points to Note for API Plan 11: API 沖洗方案沖洗方案11 應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)- Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the discharge pressure is 3 bar higher than seal chamber pressure.如出口壓力高于密封腔壓如出口壓力高于密封腔壓力力3bar，需要用一個(gè)孔板限制流量需要用一個(gè)孔板限制流量- Use on

4、clean and low abrasives duties用在干凈，含磨蝕性顆粒少的用在干凈，含磨蝕性顆粒少的工況工況API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Seal Flushing By-Pass from Discharge單密封通過出口進(jìn)行沖洗單密封通過出口進(jìn)行沖洗Recirculation from seal chamber through a flow control orifice and back to pump suction從密封從密封腔里出腔里出,通過一個(gè)孔板返回到泵的入口通過一個(gè)孔板返回到泵的入口Points to Note for API Plan

5、 13:API 沖洗方案沖洗方案 13 應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)- Use an orifice to restrict the flow rate if the seal chamber pressure is 3 bar higher than suction pressure.如果密封腔壓力高于入口壓力如果密封腔壓力高于入口壓力3bar，需要用一個(gè)孔限制流量需要用一個(gè)孔限制流量- handle abrasives duty better than API plan 11處理含有磨粒的工況處理含有磨粒的工況13方案好于方案好于11方案方案- higher seal chamber pres

6、sure to suppress vaporisation較高的密封腔壓力可抑制它的汽化較高的密封腔壓力可抑制它的汽化API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案+=Points to Note for API Plan 14: API 沖洗沖洗方案方案 14 應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：-Flow back to suction side will evacuate vapours that may collect in seal chamber. 可以將密封腔中聚集的氣可以將密封腔中聚集的氣體回送到泵進(jìn)口體回送到泵進(jìn)口-Recommended for light hydroc

7、arbon service. 推薦使用在輕烴工況推薦使用在輕烴工況API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Recirculation from pump discharge through a flow control orifice and cooler to sealCooling Water Outlet冷冷水出口水出口Cooling Water Inlet冷水冷水入口入口API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Recirculation from a pumping ring in the seal chamber through cooler an

8、d back to seal 沖洗液通過密封沖洗液通過密封腔中的泵效環(huán)從密封腔中流出經(jīng)過換熱器，再返回到密封中，形成自封閉腔中的泵效環(huán)從密封腔中流出經(jīng)過換熱器，再返回到密封中，形成自封閉循環(huán)。循環(huán)。Throat bushingSuction入口入口Discharge出出口口18 - 24Vent at highest point of the piping排排起在管線起在管線的最高點(diǎn)的最高點(diǎn)Cooling Water Outlet冷冷水出口水出口Cooling Water Inlet冷冷水入口水入口mechanical seal with pumping ringHeat exchanger換

9、熱器換熱器API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Points to note for API Plan 23: API 23方案的注意點(diǎn)方案的注意點(diǎn)nThermosyphon design熱虹吸設(shè)計(jì) * heat exchanger 換熱器* 18 to 24“ above pump centre line. *在泵中心線以上 18 to 24 * Prevent overheating in standby and startup. 在泵啟動(dòng)和備用時(shí)，要防止過熱。nInstall close fitting neck bushing at the bottom of se

10、al chamber to isolate the heat from the impeller end. 在密封腔底部安裝喉部襯套用來隔離從葉輪端傳出的熱量nUsed on high temperature applications to minimise heat load on the cooler by cooling only small amount of liquid that is recirculated.用于高溫工況，通過冷卻密封腔的小部分的循環(huán)流體來使冷卻器的熱負(fù)荷降至最低.nFor high temperature boiler feed pump applicatio

11、ns用于高溫鍋爐給水泵上nOther applications其他應(yīng)用 n * high temperature liquid close to bubble point. n* 接近沸點(diǎn)的高溫液體.API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Recirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid to the seal and fluid with solids back to pump suction line沖洗液從泵出口流出，通過一旋液分離器，使干凈流體進(jìn)入沖

12、洗液從泵出口流出，通過一旋液分離器，使干凈流體進(jìn)入密封腔，帶有顆粒的流體返回到泵入口處形成封閉循環(huán)密封腔，帶有顆粒的流體返回到泵入口處形成封閉循環(huán)Clean overflowUnderflowInletAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 32:對于對于API plan 32 須注意須注意:- Chose a proper source of seal flush to eliminate the potential for vaporisation of the injected fluid and to avoid

13、 contamination of the fluid being pumped with the injected flush.選擇合適的密封選擇合適的密封沖洗源，沖洗源， 以消除沖洗流體的汽化以消除沖洗流體的汽化，同時(shí)要避免泵送介質(zhì)被沖洗流，同時(shí)要避免泵送介質(zhì)被沖洗流體污染。體污染。- Install a labyrinth bushing at the bottom of the stuffing box to control the flushing and pressure if necessary.- 如有必要的話，在密封腔底部安如有必要的話，在密封腔底部安裝迷宮密封來控制沖洗和壓

14、力。裝迷宮密封來控制沖洗和壓力。API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Single Seal Flushing from External Source單密封通過外部來源進(jìn)行沖洗單密封通過外部來源進(jìn)行沖洗Throat BushingRecirculation from pump discharge through a cyclone separator delivering clean fluid through a cooler and then to seal and fluid with solids back to pump suction lineCooling

15、Water OutletCooling Water InletAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Needle valveExternal reservoir providing a dead-ended blanket of fluid to the quench connection of the gland. Points to Note for API Plan 51: 對于對于API plan 51 須注意須注意: - Dead ended blanket on atmospheric side of seal to prevent freezing of mo

16、isture. Seal face will not stick together when the pump started. 在密封的大氣側(cè)，一端封閉的情況可防止在密封的大氣側(cè)，一端封閉的情況可防止潮氣的凍結(jié)，這樣在泵啟動(dòng)時(shí)，密封面就潮氣的凍結(jié)，這樣在泵啟動(dòng)時(shí)，密封面就不會(huì)粘接在一起。不會(huì)粘接在一起。 Pump operating below 0 C 應(yīng)用于泵在應(yīng)用于泵在 0C以下操作以下操作- API 610 8th Edition has eliminated this piping plan.API 610 第八版已經(jīng)取第八版已經(jīng)取消這個(gè)沖洗方案消這個(gè)沖洗方案-API Piping

17、Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案s A fluid used as a lubricant or buffer between dual mechanical seals. 這種液體作為緩沖劑或潤滑劑用在兩套機(jī)械密封之間這種液體作為緩沖劑或潤滑劑用在兩套機(jī)械密封之間s The buffer fluid is always at a pressure lower than the pump process pressure being sealed. 緩沖液的壓力通常低于被密封的介質(zhì)的壓力緩沖液的壓力通常低于被密封的介質(zhì)的壓力s A

18、fluid which is introduced between dual mechanical seals to completely isolate the pump process liquid from the environment. 雙雙機(jī)械密封里的隔離液使泵送的工藝液體與大氣完全分離機(jī)械密封里的隔離液使泵送的工藝液體與大氣完全分離s Pressure of the barrier fluid is always higher than the pump process pressure being sealed. 隔離液壓力總是高于泵的運(yùn)作壓力隔離液壓力總是高于泵的運(yùn)作壓力Th

19、e purpose of fluid circulationis to remove heat from mechanical seal液體循環(huán)的目的是為了將來自機(jī)封的熱量帶走液體循環(huán)的目的是為了將來自機(jī)封的熱量帶走API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Pumping ringPumpn On applications below ambient temperature, circulation of barrier fluid may not be desirable. 這種情況適用這種情況適用于比室溫低的工況，隔離液的循于比室溫低的工況，隔離液的循環(huán)不能滿足要求。環(huán)不能

20、滿足要求。 The atmosphere will heat the reservoir and consequently add heat to the seal area.外部對儲(chǔ)罐進(jìn)行加熱外部對儲(chǔ)罐進(jìn)行加熱，從而，對密封區(qū)域進(jìn)行加熱。，從而，對密封區(qū)域進(jìn)行加熱。T2T1n Fluid circulation by temperature difference between the seal and reservoir. 流體依靠密封腔和流體依靠密封腔和儲(chǔ)罐的溫差進(jìn)行循環(huán)儲(chǔ)罐的溫差進(jìn)行循環(huán) n Higher temperature liquid at seal has lower den

21、sity rises to the reservoir.密封中的高溫流體密封中的高溫流體密度較小，依靠熱虹吸現(xiàn)象密度較小，依靠熱虹吸現(xiàn)象上升到儲(chǔ)罐中上升到儲(chǔ)罐中 n Lower temperature liquid at reservoir has higher density falls to the seal to provide cooling.儲(chǔ)罐中的低儲(chǔ)罐中的低溫流體密度較大，下降到密溫流體密度較大，下降到密封腔中對密封進(jìn)行冷卻封腔中對密封進(jìn)行冷卻API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 52:nTypicall

22、y used with an Arrangement 2 unpressurised dual seal.通常用于不帶壓雙封通常用于不帶壓雙封 nDuring normal operation, circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring. 在正在正常操作情況下，通過腔內(nèi)的泵效環(huán)維持循環(huán)常操作情況下，通過腔內(nèi)的泵效環(huán)維持循環(huán) n The reservoir is usually continuously vented to a vapour recovery system and is maintained at a pressu

23、re less than the pressure in the seal chamber.儲(chǔ)罐通常與回收系統(tǒng)相連通，罐內(nèi)儲(chǔ)罐通常與回收系統(tǒng)相連通，罐內(nèi)壓力通常低于密封腔壓力壓力通常低于密封腔壓力Pressure Gauge 壓力計(jì)Level Gauge 液位計(jì)Fill valveOrificeDrainLevel Switch (H) 液位開關(guān)Level Switch (L)Pressure Switch 壓力開關(guān)(Normally Open)Vent valve 排氣閥 External reservoir providing buffer fluid for the outer seal

24、 of an unpressurised dual seal arrangement.外部儲(chǔ)罐對不帶壓雙封的外密封提供緩沖液外部儲(chǔ)罐對不帶壓雙封的外密封提供緩沖液API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Pressure Gauge 壓力表Level Gauge 液位計(jì)Level Switch (L)液位開關(guān)Vent Valve 排氣閥(Normally Close) 常關(guān)OrificePressure Switch 壓力操縱開關(guān) External Pressure 外部壓力外部壓力 SourceOne-way Block Valve(Normally Open)單向截止閥Po

25、ints to Note for API Plan 53:nTypically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised dual seal.通常用于帶壓雙封通常用于帶壓雙封 nDuring normal operation, circulation is maintained by an internal pumping ring.在正常在正常操作情況下，通過腔內(nèi)的泵效環(huán)維持循環(huán)操作情況下，通過腔內(nèi)的泵效環(huán)維持循環(huán)n The reservoir pressure is greater than the process pressure being seal

26、ed.罐內(nèi)壓力通常高罐內(nèi)壓力通常高于被密封介質(zhì)壓力于被密封介質(zhì)壓力 External reservoir providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement. 外部儲(chǔ)罐對帶壓雙封的外密封提供隔離液外部儲(chǔ)罐對帶壓雙封的外密封提供隔離液DrainAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 54:nTypically used with an Arrangement 3 pressurised

27、dual seal.通常用于帶壓雙封通常用于帶壓雙封nDuring normal operation, circulation is maintained by an external pump or pressure system.在正常操作情況下，通過外在正常操作情況下，通過外部的泵或壓力系統(tǒng)維持循環(huán)部的泵或壓力系統(tǒng)維持循環(huán)n The circulating barrier fluid pressure is greater than the process pressure being sealed. 循環(huán)隔離液的壓力高于被密封介質(zhì)的循環(huán)隔離液的壓力高于被密封介質(zhì)的壓力壓力 Extern

28、al barrier fluid system providing pressurised barrier fluid for the outer seal of an pressurised dual seal arrangement外部隔離液系統(tǒng)為帶壓雙封提供帶壓隔離液外部隔離液系統(tǒng)為帶壓雙封提供帶壓隔離液 API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案 VOC : Volatile Organic CompoundVHAP : Volatile Hazardous Air PolutantsAPI Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案封液的選擇Tapped co

29、nnections for the purchasers use在接口處攻螺紋，以方便用戶使用在接口處攻螺紋，以方便用戶使用Point to Note for API Plan 61:對對于于API plan 61 須注意須注意:nTypically this plan is used when the purchaser is to provide fluid (such as steam, gas, or water ) to an auxiliary sealing device.n通常在買方能給密封輔助系統(tǒng)通常在買方能給密封輔助系統(tǒng)提供流體（如蒸汽、氣體或水提供流體（如蒸汽、氣體或水）的情況下，才采用該方案）的情況下，才采用該方案API Piping Plans API 沖洗方案沖洗方案Points to Note for API Plan 62:n對于對于API plan 62 須注意須注意:nThe quench may be required to prevent solids from accumu