(完整版)名詞性從句歸納

1、Vision語法歸納一名詞性從句3名詞性從句歸納、名詞性從句概說、結構與功能名詞性從句是起名詞作用的從句，其功能相當于名詞詞組，在復合句中可作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。與之對應的名詞性從句分別為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。 名詞性從句需要由不同的關聯(lián)詞來引導，和主句相連。主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句動賓介賓that不省略可以省略不省略不省略不省略whether/if放于旬首用 whether均可使用 但有區(qū)別只用whether只用whether只用whether特殊疑問詞陳述句語序關系從句陳述句語序、主語從句1、主語從句的類別以從屬連詞that引導的主語從句。（從句位于句首

2、，that通常不省略）fThat she will come to the conference has excited every one of us.以從屬連詞 whether引導的主語從句。（從句置于句首時一般不用if來代替whether）f Whether we ' ll go outing depends on the weath以連接代詞(what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever 等詞)引導的主語從句。 f Whoever will be in charge of the project hasn' t been

3、decided yet.所-的”,相當于that,否則用 what。【注】what與that在引導主語從句時，what不但起連接作用，而且還有具體意義，意為 the things that結構；而that則無詞義。即如果從句中不缺少主語或賓語時，選擇以連接副詞(when , where, how, why等詞)引導的主語從句.f When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2、用it作形式主語的主語從句注：以下幾種特殊情況必須用it作形式主語： It is + adj. + that 從句常見的形容詞有：necess

4、ary, right, likely, wrong , important , certain , clear, obvious, strange 等。一 It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow. It is + noun + that 從句常接這種句型的名詞有：a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder 等。fIt is a pity that you didn' t attendee eyesre巾ay.It is +過去分詞常見

5、的分詞有：said, heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, thought, considered, pointed out,well known, hoped, turned out 等詞fIt is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment.（4） It +特殊動詞 + that從句常用于這種結構的動詞有：seem, happen （碰巧），appear, occur等。fIt seems to me th

6、at you object to the plan.It happened that I didn ' t take any money with me.It doesn't matter how/whether 結構中的主語從句f It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.、賓語從句1、動詞的賓語從句（1）大多數(shù)動詞都可以帶有賓語從句一 We all expect that they will win this match.常見的動詞有： hope, tell, say, know, think, consider, i

7、magine, hear, expect, suppose, guess 等。有些動詞+副詞”結構也可帶賓語從句。fI have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.可以運用形式賓語it的賓語從句： 動詞find, feel, think, consider, make, believe 等后有賓語補足語時，需要用 it作形式賓語而講that 賓語從句后置。fI think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.I have

8、made it a rule that I keep diaries. 動詞hate, take, have, see to等詞在帶賓語從句時習慣上需要在賓語從句前加it。（若賓語從句是“WH!（列引導，其后有to be短語作賓補，則不可以用it替代。）fI take it that you will agree with us.We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.2、介詞的賓語從句一般情況下，介詞后面只能用“ W噂列連接詞來引導的賓語從句。f We are talking about whether we admit studen

9、ts into our club.用that引導從句作介詞賓語時，需要用形式賓語it替代，然后將that從句發(fā)在最后。f You may depend on it that I shall always help you.偶爾的情況下，except, but, besides, in四個介詞后面可接that引導的賓語從句fr I know nothing about my new neighbor expect that he used to work in a company.,I prefer his plan to yours in that I think it is more pra

10、ctical. （in that 表示原因）、He would have failed but that you helped him. （but that要不是，若非）3、形容詞的賓語從句（l）sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, sorry 等表示 情感“色彩的形容詞后也可以 帶賓語從句。一 He is sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.當主句中的謂語動詞是think, say, guess, suppose

11、, suggest, believe, feel, consider時，賓語從句的引導詞表示疑問時，需要放在句首。2f Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?4、 if和whether在賓語從句中用法的區(qū)別 Whether和if在作 是否”講時：I在下列幾種情況下只能用 whether 0當被引導的賓語從句置于句首時。f Whether they will join in the winter camp I don' t care. 引導的賓語從句作介詞的賓語時。f We

12、are talking about whether he will come next week.從句中有“or not時：fI don ' t care whether the work will take long or not.(4)引導詞后接動詞不定式時。fI am just wondering whether to stay for another hour or just start off right away. 當從句部分用if引導時，容易出現(xiàn)歧義時。f Let me know whether you can come.*(此句話中若出現(xiàn)if,則不能判定if表示的含義為

13、 是否"還是 如果"，容易有歧義。)II在動詞ask, know, wonder,詞后，只能用if。5、不可省略that的賓語從句當 that 作 learn, suggest, explain, agree, wonder, prove, mean, state, feel, hold 等動詞的賓語時， 常不省略。 fI have learnt that most of the students who are interested in Chinese take interest in English.當賓語從句比較長時，that不省略。fWe all think th

14、at what the public is badly in need of is nothing but the development of economy.(我們大家都認為所急需的不是別的正是經濟發(fā)展.)當主句狀語置于賓語從句之前時。fI realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.(4)當賓語從句的狀語或狀語從句置于其句首時。f He told us that, if we could all come to help out, the whole situation wou

15、ld be looking up.當主句謂語動詞(或非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時。f When Marx got to England, he found, however, that his English was so limited that he could n' t go on with his common affairs.當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上并列的賓語從句時，此時第一個that可以省略，第二個that不可以。fThen he began to talk to us about the French language, saying (that) it w

16、as the most beautiful tongue in the world, and that we must keep it among is and never forget it.當賓語從句的主語是this, that,或this, that為主語的定語時。f Some students think that this kind of book can help them improve their English grammar.He said that the word that I wrote on the blackboard was wrong 。當賓語從句為雙賓語的直

17、接賓語時。f He told me that he would put some signs on the envelope.當賓語從句的主語為非謂語動詞或主語從句時。f However, many people simply couldn' t believe that what he had written was true.(io)當賓語從句中有it為其形式賓語時。f We all considered it important that children should take plenty of milk as they grow. _ _ _一一9Vision語法歸納一名詞

18、性從句（此類動詞詳見三、1、部分）6、賓語從句的否定轉移及其語氣?主句的謂語是 think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess 等時， 從句的否定般要轉 到主句上來，其反意疑問句的主語一般和賓語從句的主語保持一致。fI don't think theyl stick out to the last minute.I don't suppose that's his fault, is it?賓語從句的特殊語氣：動詞wish之后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。一 I wish I were a bi

19、rd.動詞 suggest, advise, order, insist, demand, command, request, require 的賓語從句用 "should + do”形式。insist + that 堅持要求（接【should do）;堅持認為suggest +that 建議(接【should do)（接一致時態(tài)）（接一致時態(tài)）#四、表語從句1、表語從句的特殊連接詞除了基本的連接詞可以連接表語從句以外，because, as if/though, as, like等連接詞也可引導表語從句。f He has heart disease. That is because

20、 he has been smoking too much.除了 be動詞以外，可以用于表語從句的連系動詞有：seem, look, appear, sound, taste, feel, remain等。f It looks as if it is going to rain.2、表語從句中需要注意的幾個問題(1) reason為主語時的表語從句主語為reason時，表語從句中的連接詞要用that,而不用why.f The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much.如果主句的主語為idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requiremen t等名詞時， 表語從句的謂語應用虛擬語氣，則謂語動詞一律用“(should) +動詞原形”形式。f My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this m