and與but用法

1、And與 but的用法一、 and 的用法and 是一個極為普通的連詞，被用來連接語法上同類的詞、短語或句子。初學者一碰到and，往往理解為“和”，其實and 意義豐富，可表示各種不同的關(guān)系。1. 表示并列，譯為“和；與；以及；并”。如：Sit where you can see and hear well./ He felt coldand hungry.2. 表示連貫，可譯成“就；可是；然后；后來”等。如：The two womenlaydown and soon fellasleep./He studied technology in his spare time and became

2、a lawyer.3. 表示遞進， 可表示“并且； 而且；甚至”等意思。如：She works quicklyand accurately./The Chineseworkers have the ability to do what others can do and what others can not do.4. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?，可表示“而；但；卻”等意思，相當于yet或 but 。如： I gave her $10 and yetshewas not satisfied./ He is lazy and his brother is diligent.5. 表示因果、結(jié)果，意為“所以

3、；因此；因而；以致”。如：He was sick and he took some medicine.He took some medicine and was sick./6. 表示目的。如：I'll go and fetch some water./ Run and tell him to come here at once.二、 but的用法but一詞既可作連詞、介詞、副詞用，又有一些習慣搭配和固定用法，現(xiàn)對其用法作以下歸納。1、用作連詞1）.用作等立連詞，使其前后的詞、短語、分句相互對照，作“但是，然而，可是”解。例如：She is young but very experie

4、nced.她雖然年輕但經(jīng)驗豐富。2）.用于表示歉意的話語之后，表示謝絕或不贊成。例如：I'm sorry, but I disagree with you.對不起，我不同意你的意見。3）.用于兩個并列的分句之間，與前面的否定詞形成對比，作“無而不”解。如：It never rains but it pours.不雨則已，一雨傾盆。I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society.我走過那所房子時，沒有一次不想起我在舊社會所過的悲慘生活。2、用作介詞1）. 與 no， nobody

5、， nothing， none ， who等詞連用，作“除之外”解，用來排除同類中的一分子，或從整體中除去一部分。例如：Nobody knew her but me.除我以外，沒有人認識她。Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.這個計劃只能帶來災難，別無益處。2）. but 前面有 do的某種形式時， but后面的動詞不定式要省略to ；其前沒有 do的某種形式時， but后面的不定式要帶 to。例如：We had no choice but to wait.除了等待，我們別無選擇。He did nothing all day lon

6、g but watch TV.一整天，他除了看電視，別無他事可做。3）. 與 last， next及 one ， two等連用，作“倒數(shù)第二、第三”等解。例如：精選文庫Jack was the last but one to arrive.杰克是倒數(shù)第二個到達的。3、用作副詞1）.意思上相當于only，后面跟名詞或動詞。例如：Tom is but a child.湯姆只是個孩子。We can but try now.我們現(xiàn)在只有嘗試一遍。2）. but出現(xiàn)在 too to結(jié)構(gòu)前面時，不定式含肯定意義。例如：I'm but too glad to go there with you.我非

7、常高興和你一起去那里。4、含 but的習慣用語1）. but for without，意為“要不是；如果沒有”，意思上相當于一個虛擬條件句。例如：But for the rain (If it hadn't rained), we would have had a pleasant journey.要不是天下雨，我們這次旅行就愜意了。But for your help, we couldn't have carried out the plan.如果沒有你的幫助，我們不可能實現(xiàn)那個計劃。2）. but that = except that，意為“若非；要不是”，引導虛擬條件狀語

8、從句。例如：He would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time.要不是他那時候沒錢，他會幫助我的。3）. but then = on the other hand，意為“不過；在另一方面”。例如：London is a noisy place, but then it's also a place where you get the best entertainment.倫敦是個鬧市，不過它也是能夠給你最好娛樂的地方。4）. nothing but = only，意為“只；不過是”。例如：We coul

9、d see nothing but water.我們只能看見水。5）. not but意為“不是而是”，連接兩個并列的名詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或分句等。例如：My bag is not black but red.我的書包不是黑色的而是紅色的。He failed not because he isn't clever but because he didn't work hard.他失敗了，不是因為他不聰明而是因為他工作不努力。6）. no but意為“沒有不”。例如：No child but likes Old Li in our village.沒有孩子不喜歡我們村里的老李

10、。7）. not only but also 意為“不但而且；既又”，連接兩個并列成分。例如：Not only you but also she has to attend the meeting.He not only teaches us English but also does other things for us.不但你而且她也得參加這次會議。他不但教我們英語，而且還為我們干別的事情。8）.not that but that意為“不是因為而是因為”。例如：Not that the car is out of order, but that I've not learned

11、to drive.不是汽車出了故障，而是我還沒有學會開車。9）. can't help but do 意為“不能不；忍不住”。例如：-2精選文庫I can't help but cry.我忍不住哭了。10）. all but意為“除外全都，幾乎”。例如：All but mother in my family can speak English.除母親外，我的一家人都會說英語。His theory is all but correct.他的理論幾乎是正確的。11）. anything but意為“不見得，決不”。例如：He is anything but a good headm

12、aster.他不見得是個好校長。This car is anything but beautiful.這輛小汽車根本不漂亮。12）. but now意為“剛剛，適才”。例如：I saw him in the office but now.我剛剛看見他在辦公室。I heard the commander talk about you but now.適才聽得司令講到您。13）. can (or could) but意為“只能，只好”。例如：His father can but know a few letters.他的父親只能認幾個字母。The old lady could but walk s

13、lowly with a stick.那個老太太只能拄著拐杖慢慢地朝前走。14）. can (or could) not but意為“不得不，忍不住”。例如：I could not but tell him about it.我不得不告訴他這件事。Seeing her husband's funny face, she could not but laugh.看見丈夫的滑稽面孔，她忍不住大笑起來。15）. cannot (or could not) choose but意為“不得不，必須”。例如：They could not choose but obey.他們除了服從外別無選擇。16

14、）. never but意為“每當就”。例如：He never sees Miss Wang but he thinks of his friend, Xiao Ya.每當見到王女士時，他就想起他的朋友小雅來。Her brother never comes, but he asks her for money.她兄弟來時，總是向她要錢。17）. next but one意為“再下一個”。例如：They used to live in the next house but one to me.他們住在我隔壁的隔壁。18）. no one but意為“除了外，誰也不”。例如：No one but a madman would say such words.除了瘋子，誰也不會說這樣的話。19）. not so (su