語(yǔ)音信號(hào)處理 matlab

1、目錄摘要-3 關(guān)鍵詞-3 1課程設(shè)計(jì)的目的、意義-3 1.1 目的-31.2 意義-32 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)及技術(shù)指標(biāo)-3 2.1 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)-32.2技術(shù)指標(biāo)-43 設(shè)計(jì)方案論證-43.1 信號(hào)的抽樣與恢復(fù)-4 3.2 濾波器設(shè)計(jì)-4 3.2.1模擬濾波器設(shè)計(jì)原理-4 3.2.2 模擬濾波器數(shù)字化原理-53.2.3數(shù)字高通、帶通、帶阻濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)-54 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 -6 4.1必選部分-64.2 拓展部分-65 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析-66 總結(jié)-29 參考文獻(xiàn)-30題目語(yǔ)音信號(hào)分析系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要:語(yǔ)音信號(hào)分析系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)涵蓋了基于matlab對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理的原理、方法及源程序,包括語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的采集與時(shí)域頻域分析、對(duì)

2、語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行加噪濾波處理、噪聲濾除前后的語(yǔ)音進(jìn)行時(shí)頻域分析、語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的重采樣和回放、語(yǔ)音信號(hào)部分時(shí)域參數(shù)的提取及GUI用戶友好界面的實(shí)現(xiàn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的單音節(jié)語(yǔ)音的綜合處理與分析。本設(shè)計(jì)程序界面簡(jiǎn)練,操作簡(jiǎn)便,有一定的實(shí)際意義。最后對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的處理發(fā)展方向提出了自己的看法。關(guān)鍵詞:語(yǔ)音,matlab,GUI,濾波,噪聲,采樣1課程設(shè)計(jì)的目的、意義1.1 目的設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)音信號(hào)分析系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)時(shí)域波形顯示、進(jìn)行頻譜分析,利用濾波器濾除噪聲、對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的參數(shù)進(jìn)行提取分析等功能。采用Matlab設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言信號(hào)分析相關(guān)程序,并且利用GUI設(shè)計(jì)圖形用戶界面。(1采集語(yǔ)音信號(hào)。(2對(duì)原始語(yǔ)音信號(hào)

3、加入干擾噪聲,對(duì)原始語(yǔ)音信號(hào)及帶噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行時(shí)頻域分析。(3針對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)頻譜及噪聲頻率,設(shè)計(jì)合適的數(shù)字濾波器濾除噪聲。(4對(duì)噪聲濾除前后的語(yǔ)音進(jìn)行時(shí)頻域分析。(5對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行重采樣,回放并與原始信號(hào)進(jìn)行比較。(6對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)部分時(shí)域參數(shù)進(jìn)行提取。(7設(shè)計(jì)圖形用戶界面(實(shí)現(xiàn)以上功能。1.2 意義本次設(shè)計(jì)基本完成了語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的分析與處理,在下面方面有實(shí)際意義:1.從語(yǔ)音信號(hào)中得到某些語(yǔ)音特征參數(shù),如:短時(shí)平均幅度,短時(shí)平均能量,短時(shí)平均過零率,短時(shí)自相關(guān)函數(shù)。2.對(duì)原信號(hào),帶噪信號(hào)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)域頻域分析。3.分析不同采樣頻率下的語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的不同。2 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)及技術(shù)指標(biāo)2.1設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)音

4、信號(hào)分析系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)時(shí)域波形顯示、進(jìn)行頻譜分析,利用濾波器濾除噪聲、對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的參數(shù)進(jìn)行提取分析等功能。采用Matlab設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言信號(hào)分析相關(guān)程序,并且利用GUI設(shè)計(jì)圖形用戶界面。具體任務(wù)是:(1采集語(yǔ)音信號(hào)。(2對(duì)原始語(yǔ)音信號(hào)加入干擾噪聲,對(duì)原始語(yǔ)音信號(hào)及帶噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行時(shí)頻域分析。(3針對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)頻譜及噪聲頻率,設(shè)計(jì)合適的數(shù)字濾波器濾除噪聲。(4對(duì)噪聲濾除前后的語(yǔ)音進(jìn)行時(shí)頻域分析。(5對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行重采樣,回放并與原始信號(hào)進(jìn)行比較。(6對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)部分時(shí)域參數(shù)進(jìn)行提取。(7設(shè)計(jì)圖形用戶界面(實(shí)現(xiàn)以上功能。2.2技術(shù)指標(biāo)低通濾波器的技術(shù)指標(biāo)WP,WS,RP,AS,采樣頻率的技術(shù)指標(biāo)FS,

5、幀長(zhǎng),幀移,幀重疊采樣點(diǎn)數(shù)3 設(shè)計(jì)方案論證3.1 信號(hào)的抽樣與恢復(fù)利用抽樣脈沖把一個(gè)連續(xù)信號(hào)變?yōu)殡x散時(shí)間樣值的過程稱為抽樣,在滿足抽樣定理?xiàng)l件下,抽樣信號(hào)保留了原信號(hào)的全部信息,并且從抽樣信號(hào)中可以無失真的恢復(fù)出原始信號(hào)。抽樣定理在通信系統(tǒng)、信息傳輸理論方面占有十分重要的地位。數(shù)字通信系統(tǒng)是以此定理作為理論基礎(chǔ)。抽樣過程關(guān)系到通信設(shè)備整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的性能指標(biāo)。3.2 濾波器設(shè)計(jì)3.2.1模擬濾波器設(shè)計(jì)原理(1模擬巴特沃思濾波器原理巴特沃斯濾波器具有單調(diào)下降的幅頻特性:在小于截止頻率的范圍內(nèi),具有最平幅度c的響應(yīng),而在c >后,幅頻響應(yīng)迅速下降。 巴特沃思低通濾波器幅度平方函數(shù)為:221(1(a

6、 NcH j =+ (3-1式中N 為濾波器階數(shù),c 為3dB 截止角頻率。將幅度平方函數(shù)寫成s 的函數(shù):21(1(a a NcH s H s s j -=+ (3-2該幅度平方函數(shù)有2N 個(gè)等間隔分布在半徑為c 的圓上的極點(diǎn)121(22 k j Nk c s e +=,0,1,.21k N =- 為了形成穩(wěn)定的濾波器,取左半平面的N 個(gè)極點(diǎn)構(gòu)成(a H s ,即:1(N N a ckk H s s s -=- (3-3為使設(shè)計(jì)統(tǒng)一,將頻率歸一化,得到歸一化極點(diǎn)121(22k j Nk p e+=,相應(yīng)的歸一化系統(tǒng)函數(shù)為:1(1(N a k k H p p p -=- (3-4多項(xiàng)式形式為:

7、01(1(.N a H p b b p p =+ (3-5(2模擬切比雪夫?yàn)V波器原理切比雪夫?yàn)V波器的幅頻特性具有等波紋特性,有兩種形式,在通帶內(nèi)等波紋、阻帶單調(diào)的是I 型濾波器,在通帶內(nèi)單調(diào)、在阻帶內(nèi)等波紋的是II 濾波器。以I 型濾波器為例。 切比雪夫?yàn)V波器的幅度平方函數(shù)為:22221(1(aN pA H j C =+ (3-6為小于1的正數(shù),表示通帶內(nèi)幅度波動(dòng)的程度。p 稱為通帶截止頻率。令=/p ,稱為對(duì)p 的歸一化頻率。C N (x為N 階切比雪夫多項(xiàng)式。幅度平方函數(shù)的極點(diǎn)是分布在b p 為長(zhǎng)半軸,a p 為短半軸的橢圓上的點(diǎn)。同樣取s 平面左半平面的極點(diǎn)構(gòu)成(a H s :11(2(

8、NN N a pi i H s s s -=- (3-7進(jìn)行歸一化,得到:11(12(NN a i i H p p p -=- (3-8其中(21(21sincos22k k p ch jch i NN-=-+ ,11(Arsh N=3.2.2 模擬濾波器數(shù)字化原理將模擬濾波器轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)字濾波器在工程上常用的有脈沖響應(yīng)不變法和雙線性變換法。脈沖響應(yīng)不變法時(shí)一種時(shí)域上的轉(zhuǎn)換方法,它是數(shù)字濾波器的單位取樣響應(yīng)在抽樣點(diǎn)上等于模擬濾波器的單位沖激響應(yīng),即:(h n h nT a = (3-9設(shè)模擬濾波器只有單階極點(diǎn),其系統(tǒng)函數(shù)為:1(Ni a i iA H s s s =-(3-10對(duì)(a H s 進(jìn)行

9、拉氏反變換得到(a h t ,對(duì)(a h t 進(jìn)行等間隔抽樣,得到(h n h nT a =,對(duì)(h n進(jìn)行Z 變換,得到數(shù)字濾波器系統(tǒng)函數(shù):11(1i Nis Ti A H z ez-=- (3-11這種方法s 和z 的關(guān)系是:sT z e =。該方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是頻率坐標(biāo)變換時(shí)線性的切數(shù)字濾波器的單位脈沖響應(yīng)完全模仿模擬濾波器的單位沖激響應(yīng),時(shí)域特性逼近好;缺點(diǎn)是會(huì)產(chǎn)生頻譜混疊現(xiàn)象,適合低通、帶通濾波器的設(shè)計(jì),不適合高通、帶阻濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)。雙線性變換法為了克服頻譜混疊現(xiàn)象,采用非線性頻率壓縮方法,將整個(gè)頻率軸上的頻率范圍壓縮到/T ±之間,再用sT z e =轉(zhuǎn)換到Z 平面上。這種方法

10、s 和z 的關(guān)系是:11(2/(1/1s T z z -=-+。該方法克服了頻譜混疊現(xiàn)象,但帶來了頻率坐標(biāo)變換的非線性:(2/tan(/2T =,由模擬濾波器系統(tǒng)函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字濾波器系統(tǒng)函數(shù)公式為:11211(|a z z T z H z H s -=+= (3-123.2.3數(shù)字高通、帶通、帶阻濾波器的設(shè)計(jì)這些濾波器可以借助于模擬濾波器的頻率變換設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)所需類型的模擬濾波器, 再通過雙線性變換法將其轉(zhuǎn)換成所需類型的數(shù)字濾波器。首先確定所需類型數(shù)字濾波器的技術(shù)指標(biāo);然后將數(shù)字濾波器技術(shù)指標(biāo)按照公式(2/tan(/2T =轉(zhuǎn)換成所需類型濾波器的模擬域技術(shù)指標(biāo);將所需類型濾波器的模擬域技術(shù)指標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換

11、成低通濾波器技術(shù)指標(biāo);設(shè)計(jì)歸一化模擬低通濾波器;去歸一化得到模擬低通濾波器的系統(tǒng)函數(shù);將模擬低通濾波器轉(zhuǎn)換為所需類型的模擬濾波器;最后通過雙線性變換法轉(zhuǎn)換成所需類型的數(shù)字濾波器。4 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 4.1必選部分利用MATLAB 軟件對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行頻譜分析;并對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)加入干擾噪聲,對(duì)加入噪聲的信號(hào)進(jìn)行頻譜分析,設(shè)計(jì)合適的濾波器濾除噪聲。(1根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求分析系統(tǒng)功能,掌握設(shè)計(jì)中所需理論、闡明設(shè)計(jì)原理(抽樣頻率、量化位數(shù)的概念,抽樣定理;信號(hào)的FFT 分析;數(shù)字濾波器設(shè)計(jì)原理和方法,各種不同類型濾波器的性能比較。(2對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)以不同采樣頻率進(jìn)行重采樣,回放并與原始信號(hào)進(jìn)行比較(如原語(yǔ)音信號(hào)采樣頻率為1

12、6KHz ,對(duì)其進(jìn)行8KHz ,4KHz 的重采樣。(3對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)做FFT ,進(jìn)行頻譜分析,畫出信號(hào)的時(shí)域波形圖和頻譜圖。(4對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)加入干擾噪聲,對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行回放(利用sound 函數(shù),感覺加噪前后聲音的變化。對(duì)其做FFT ,進(jìn)行頻譜分析,比較加噪前后語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的波形及頻譜,對(duì)所得結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。(5根據(jù)帶噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)合適的數(shù)字濾波器,繪制所設(shè)計(jì)濾波器的幅頻和相頻特性。(6用所設(shè)計(jì)的濾波器對(duì)帶噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾波。對(duì)濾波后的語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行FFT 頻譜分析。記錄處理過程中所得各種波形及頻譜圖。(7對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行回放,感覺濾波前后聲音的變化。比較濾波前后語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的波形及頻譜,對(duì)所得結(jié)果和濾

13、波器性能進(jìn)行頻譜分析。4.2 拓展部分利用GUI設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單的圖形用戶界面。要求主界面上包括語(yǔ)音文件的顯示及播放按鈕,濾波器設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)所需參數(shù)設(shè)置及濾波功能按鈕。濾波前后語(yǔ)音信號(hào)時(shí)域波形及頻譜的顯示,濾波器幅頻特性的顯示等功能可包含在主界面中,也可在新建圖形窗口中完成。5 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析實(shí)驗(yàn)前須定義的函數(shù):(1分幀函數(shù):function f=fra(len,inc,xfh=fix(size(x,1-len/inc+1f=zeros(fh,len;i=1;n=1;while i<=fhj=1;while j<=lenf(i,j=x(n;j=j+1;n=n+1;endn=n-len+inc;i

14、=i+1;End(2從模擬到數(shù)字濾波器的變換:function b,a=imp_invr(c,d,TR,p,k=residue(c,d;p=exp(p*T;b,a=residuez(R,p,k;b=real(b'a=real(a'(3獲得濾波器的幅值響應(yīng)、相位響應(yīng)及群延遲響應(yīng):functiondb,mag,pha,w=freqz_m(b,a;H,w=freqz(b,a,1000,'whole'H=(H(1:500'w=(w(1:500'mag=abs(H;db=20*log10(mag+eps/max(mag;pha=angle(H;(4非歸一化

15、巴特沃斯低通濾波器原型設(shè)計(jì)函數(shù)function b,a=u_buttap(N,Omegacz,p,k=buttap(N;p=p*Omegac;k=k*OmegacN;B=real(poly(z;b=k*B;a=real(poly(p;(5巴特沃斯低通濾波器原型設(shè)計(jì)函數(shù):function b,a=afd_butt(Wp,Ws,Rp,AsN=ceil(log10(10(Rp/10-1/(10(As/10-1/(2*log10(Wp/Ws; fprintf('n Butterworth Filter Order=%2.0fn',NOmegaC=Wp/(10(Rp/10-1(1/(2*

16、Nb,a=u_buttap(N,OmegaC;(6巴特沃斯濾波器:wp=0.2*pi;ws=0.3*pi;Rp=1;As=15;T=1;OmegaP=(2/T*tan(wp/2;OmegaS=(2/T*tan(ws/2;cs,ds=afd_butt(OmegaP,OmegaS,Rp,As;b,a=bilinear(cs,ds,T;db,mag,pha,w=freqz_m(b,a;subplot(2,1,1;plot(w/pi,mag;title('digital filter Magnitude Response' axis(0,1,0,1.1 subplot(2,1,2;pl

17、ot(w/pi,db;title('digital filter Magnitude in DB' axis(0,1,-40,5; (7非歸一化切比雪夫低通濾波器原型設(shè)計(jì)函數(shù):function b,a=u_chb1ap(N,Rp,Omegacz,p,k=cheb1ap(N,Rp;a=real(poly(p;aNn=a(N+1;p=p*Omegac;a=real(poly(p;aNu=a(N+1;k=k*aNu/aNn;B=real(poly(z;b=k*B;(8切比雪夫?yàn)V波器:wp=0.2*pi;ws=0.3*pi;Rp=1;As=15;T=1;OmegaP=(2/T*tan(

18、wp/2;OmegaS=(2/T*tan(ws/2;ep=sqrt(10(Rp/10-1;Ripple=sqrt(1/(1+ep*ep;Attn=1/(10(As/20;A1=1/Attn;a1=sqrt(A1*A1-1/ep;a2=OmegaS/OmegaP;N=ceil(logm(a1+sqrt(a1*a1-1/logm(a2+sqrt(a2*a2-1; fprintf('n Chebyshev Filter Order=%2.0fn',Ncs,ds=u_chb1ap(N,Rp,OmegaP;b,a=bilinear(cs,ds,Tdb,mag,pha,w=freqz_m(

19、b,a;subplot(2,1,1;plot(w/pi,mag;title('digital filter Magnitude Response' axis(0,1,0,1.1 subplot(2,1,2;plot(w/pi,db;title('digital filter Magnitude in DB' axis(0,1,-40,5; 實(shí)驗(yàn)源程序:(1對(duì)語(yǔ)音1.wav進(jìn)行fs=16k的采集,包含時(shí)域頻域分析:y,fs=wavread('1.wav'sound(y,fs;subplot(2,1,1;plot(y;title('原始信號(hào)波

20、形'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'subplot(2,1,2;Y=fft(y;plot(abs(Y;title('原始信號(hào)頻譜'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'結(jié)果: (2對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)以不同采樣頻率進(jìn)行重采樣,回放并與原始信號(hào)進(jìn)行比較(如原語(yǔ)音信號(hào)采樣頻率為16KHz,對(duì)其進(jìn)行8KHz,4KHz的重采樣:y,fs=wavread('1.wav'sound(y,fs;pause(1subplot(3,2,1;plot(y;title('原始信號(hào)波形(16k

21、9;xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'subplot(3,2,2;Y=fft(y;plot(abs(Y;title('原始信號(hào)頻譜(16k'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'y2=resample(y,1,2;sound(y2,fs/2;pause(1subplot(3,2,3;plot(y2;title('原始信號(hào)波形(8k'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'subplot(3,2,4;Y2=fft(y2;plot(abs(Y2;tit

22、le('原始信號(hào)頻譜(8k'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'y3=resample(y,1,4;sound(y3,fs/4;pause(1subplot(3,2,5;plot(y3;title('原始信號(hào)波形(4k'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'subplot(3,2,6;Y3=fft(y3;plot(abs(Y3;title('原始信號(hào)頻譜(4k'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度' 分析:(3對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)加入干擾噪聲

23、0.02*cos(1000*t,對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行回放(利用sound函數(shù),感覺加噪前后聲音的變化。對(duì)其做FFT,進(jìn)行頻譜分析,比較加噪前后語(yǔ)音信號(hào)的波形及頻譜: y,fs=wavread('1.wav'sound(y,fs;n=0:(length(y-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(1000*t;Si=y+noise'pause(1sound(Si,fs;subplot(2,1,1;plot(Si;title('加噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)時(shí)域波形'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'subplot(2,1,2;

24、S=fft(Si;plot(abs(S;title('加噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)頻譜波形'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度' 分析:(4設(shè)計(jì)合適的數(shù)字濾波器,繪制所設(shè)計(jì)濾波器的幅頻和相頻特性,并對(duì)帶噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾波,對(duì)濾波后的語(yǔ)音信號(hào)進(jìn)行FFT頻譜分析:x,fs=wavread('1.wav'sound(x,fs;pause(1n=0:(length(y-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(1000*t;y=x+noise'sound(y,fs;pause(1k=0:N-1;w=(2*pi/N*k;f=w*f

25、s/(2*pi;subplot(2,2,1plot(ytitle('濾波前的時(shí)域波形'subplot(2,2,2Y=fft(y;plot(abs(Ytitle('濾波前的頻域波形'wpd=2*pi*50/1000;wsd=2*pi*70/1000;%確定截止頻率Btd=wsd - wpd; %計(jì)算過渡帶寬wcd=(wsd+wpd/2/pi;%計(jì)算3db截止頻率Md=ceil(6.6*pi/Btd;hnd=fir1(Md,wcd;yyd=filter(hnd,1,y;sound(yyd,fs;pause(1subplot(2,2,3plot(yydtitle(&#

26、39;濾波后的時(shí)域波形'YYd=fft(yyd;subplot(2,2,4plot(abs(YYdtitle('濾波后的頻域波形' 分析:(5對(duì)語(yǔ)音信號(hào)部分時(shí)域參數(shù)進(jìn)行提取:短時(shí)平均幅度:x,fs=wavread('1.wav'len=500;inc=500;fx=fra(len,inc,x;N=size(fx,1;Mn=zeros(1,N;for n=1:N;xn=fx(n,:;xn=abs(xn;mn=sum(xn;Mn(1,n=mn;endplot(Mn,title('短時(shí)平均幅度' 短時(shí)平均過零率:x,fs=wavread(

27、9;1.wav'len=500;inc=500;fx=fra(len,inc,x;N=size(fx,1;Zn=zeros(1,N;for n=1:Nxn=fx(n,:;zn=zeros(1,len-1;for m=1:len-1zn_m=sign(xn(m+1-sign(xn(m; zn_m=(1/2*abs(zn_m;zn(1,m=zn_m;endZn(1,n=sum(zn;endplot(Zn,title('短時(shí)平均過零率' 短時(shí)自相關(guān)函數(shù):x,fs=wavread('1.wav'len=500;inc=500;fx=fra(len,inc,x;N

28、=size(fx,1;Rn=zeros(1,N;for n=1:Nk=n;xn=fx(n,:;xn1=fx(k+1:len,zeros(1,k; xn2=xn.*xn1;Rn(k=sum(xn2;endplot(Rn,title('短時(shí)自相關(guān)函數(shù)' 短時(shí)平均能量:x,fs=wavread('1.wav'len=500;inc=500;fx=fra(len,inc,x;N=size(fx,1;En=zeros(1,N;for n=1:N;xn=fx(n,:;xn=abs(xn;energy=sum(xn.2;En(1,n=energy;endplot(En,tit

29、le('短時(shí)平均能量' 分析:(6設(shè)計(jì)圖形用戶界面GUI(實(shí)現(xiàn)以上功能:function varargout = guide_all(varargingui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, .'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, .'gui_OpeningFcn', guide_all_OpeningFcn, . 'gui_OutputFcn', guide_all_OutputFcn, .'gui_L

30、ayoutFcn', , .'gui_Callback', ;if nargin && ischar(varargin1gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin1;endif nargoutvarargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:; elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin:;endfunction guide_all_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, vararginh

31、andles.output = hObject;guidata(hObject, handles;function varargout = guide_all_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handlesvarargout1 = handles.output;function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handlesf_name=get(hObject,'String'handles.f_name=f_name;guidata(hObject,handles;function edit1_CreateFc

32、n(hObject, eventdata, handlesif ispcset(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'elseset(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'endfunction edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handleswn=str2double(get(hObject,'String'if isnan(wn %nan not a num

33、ber¨errordlg('You must entry a number value','Bad Input','modal' %¨endhandles.wn=wn;guidata(hObject,handles;function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handlesif ispcset(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'elseset(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(

34、0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'endfunction pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handlesfigure(1y=wavread(handles.f_name;sound(y,16000;subplot(2,1,1;plot(y;title('原始信號(hào)波形'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'subplot(2,1,2;Y=fft(y;plot(abs(Y;title('原始信號(hào)頻譜'xlabel('時(shí)間

35、'ylabel('幅度'function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles wn=handles.wn;y,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;n=0:(length(y-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;Si=y+noise'pause(1sound(Si,fs;figure(2subplot(2,1,1;plot(Si;title('加噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)時(shí)域波形'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度' su

36、bplot(2,1,2;S=fft(Si;plot(abs(S;title('加噪語(yǔ)音信號(hào)頻譜波形'xlabel('時(shí)間'ylabel('幅度'function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles x,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;wn=handles.wn;n=0:(length(x-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;xs=x+noise'len=800;inc=800;fx=fra(len,inc,x;fxs=fra(len

37、,inc,xs;N=size(fx,1;Mn=zeros(1,N;Mns=zeros(1,N;for n=1:N;xn=fx(n,:;xn=abs(xn;mn=sum(xn;Mn(1,n=mn;xns=fxs(n,:;xns=abs(xns;mns=sum(xns;Mns(1,n=mns;endfigure(3subplot(2,1,1;plot(Mn,title('短時(shí)平均幅度'subplot(2,1,2;plot(Mns,title('短時(shí)平均幅度(帶噪'function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, ha

38、ndles x,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;wn=handles.wn;n=0:(length(x-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;xs=x+noise'len=800;inc=800;fx=fra(len,inc,x;fxs=fra(len,inc,xs;N=size(fx,1;En=zeros(1,N;Ens=zeros(1,N;for n=1:N;xn=fx(n,:;xn=abs(xn;energy=sum(xn.2;En(1,n=energy;xns=fxs(n,:;xns=abs(xns;energys=sum(xns.2

39、;Ens(1,n=energys;endfigure(4subplot(2,1,1;plot(En,title('短時(shí)平均能量'subplot(2,1,2;plot(Ens,title('短時(shí)平均能量(帶噪'function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles x,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;wn=handles.wn;n=0:(length(x-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;xs=x+noise'len=800;inc=800;fx=f

40、ra(len,inc,x;fxs=fra(len,inc,xs;N=size(fx,1;Zn=zeros(1,N;Zns=zeros(1,N;for n=1:Nxn=fx(n,:;zn=zeros(1,len-1;for m=1:len-1zn_m=sign(xn(m+1-sign(xn(m;zn_m=(1/2*abs(zn_m;zn(1,m=zn_m;endZn(1,n=sum(zn;xns=fxs(n,:;zns=zeros(1,len-1;for m=1:len-1zn_ms=sign(xns(m+1-sign(xns(m;zn_ms=(1/2*abs(zn_ms;zns(1,m=zn_

41、ms;endZns(1,n=sum(zns;endfigure(5subplot(2,1,1;plot(Zn,title('短時(shí)平均過零率'subplot(2,1,2;plot(Zns,title('短時(shí)平均過零率(帶噪' function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handlesx,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;wn=handles.wn;n=0:(length(x-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;xs=x+noise'len=800;inc=8

42、00;fx=fra(len,inc,x;fxs=fra(len,inc,xs;N=size(fx,1;Rn=zeros(1,N;Rns=zeros(1,N;for n=1:Nk=n;xn=fx(n,:;xn1=fx(k+1:len,zeros(1,k;xn2=xn.*xn1;Rn(k=sum(xn2;xns=fxs(n,:;xn1s=fxs(k+1:len,zeros(1,k;xn2s=xns.*xn1s;Rns(k=sum(xn2s;endfigure(6subplot(2,1,1;plot(Rn,title('短時(shí)自相關(guān)函數(shù)'subplot(2,1,2;plot(Rns,t

43、itle('短時(shí)自相關(guān)函數(shù)(帶噪'function radiobutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles if (get(hObject,'Value' = get(hObject,'Max'figure(8x0,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;wn=handles.wn;n=0:(length(x0-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;x=x0+noise'sound(x,fs;pause(1subplot(2,2,1plot(x,title(&

44、#39;濾波前的時(shí)域波形'X=fft(xsubplot(2,2,2plot(abs(X,title('濾波前的頻域波形'wp=handles.wp;ws=handles.ws;Rp=handles.Rp;As=handles.As;T=1; OmegaP=(2/T*tan(wp/2;OmegaS=(2/T*tan(ws/2;ep=sqrt(10(Rp/10-1;Ripple=sqrt(1/(1+ep*ep;Attn=1/(10(As/20;A1=1/Attn;a1=sqrt(A1*A1-1/ep;a2=OmegaS/OmegaP;N=ceil(logm(a1+sqrt(

45、a1*a1-1/logm(a2+sqrt(a2*a2-1;fprintf('n Butterworth Filter Order=%2.0fn',Ncs,ds=afd_butt(OmegaP,OmegaS,Rp,As;b,a=bilinear(cs,ds,T;y=filter(b,a,x;sound(y,fs;Y=fft(y;subplot(2,2,3plot(y,title('巴特沃斯后的時(shí)域波形'subplot(2,2,4plot(abs(Y,title('巴特沃斯后的頻域波形'endfunction radiobutton2_Callbac

46、k(hObject, eventdata, handles if (get(hObject,'Value' = get(hObject,'Max'figure(9x0,fs=wavread(handles.f_name;wn=handles.wn;n=0:(length(x0-1;t=0.01*n;noise=0.02*cos(wn*t;x=x0+noise'sound(x,fs;pause(1subplot(2,2,1plot(x,title('濾波前的時(shí)域波形'X=fft(xsubplot(2,2,2plot(abs(X,title(

47、'濾波前的頻域波形'wp=handles.wp;ws=handles.ws;Rp=handles.Rp;As=handles.As;T=1;OmegaP=(2/T*tan(wp/2;OmegaS=(2/T*tan(ws/2;ep=sqrt(10(Rp/10-1;Ripple=sqrt(1/(1+ep*ep;Attn=1/(10(As/20;A1=1/Attn;a1=sqrt(A1*A1-1/ep;a2=OmegaS/OmegaP;N=ceil(logm(a1+sqrt(a1*a1-1/logm(a2+sqrt(a2*a2-1;fprintf('n Chebyshev F

48、ilter Order=%2.0fn',Ncs,ds=u_chb1ap(N,Rp,OmegaP;b,a=bilinear(cs,ds,Ty=filter(b,a,x;sound(y,fs;Y=fft(y;subplot(2,2,3plot(y,title('切比雪夫后的時(shí)域波形'subplot(2,2,4plot(abs(Y,title('切比雪夫后的頻域波形'endfunction edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handleswp=str2double(get(hObject,'String'if

49、 isnan(wp %nan not a number¨errordlg('You must entry a number value','Bad Input','modal' %¨endhandles.wp=wp;guidata(hObject,handles;function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handlesif ispcset(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'elseset(hObject,'B

50、ackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor' endfunction edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handlesws=str2double(get(hObject,'String'if isnan(wserrordlg('You must entry a number value','Bad Input','modal' %endhandles.ws=ws;guidata(hObject,handle

51、s;function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handlesif ispcset(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white'elseset(hObject,'BackgroundColor',get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor' endfunction edit5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handlesRp=str2double(get(hObject,'String'if isnan(Rperrordlg('You must entry a number value','Bad Input','modal' %endhandles.Rp=Rp;guidata(hObject,handles;function edit5_CreateFcn(