定語從句關(guān)系副詞的用法ppt課件

1、1關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句The Attributive Clause 2關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞whenwhenwherewherewhywhy31. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.定語從句定語從句我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了_那一天。那一天。 我入團(tuán)的我入團(tuán)的when I joined the League.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語whenwhen=on which=on which4 I havent seen him since the year whe

2、n he went abroad定語從句定語從句從從_ _ 那年，我就沒見過他那年，我就沒見過他。 他出國的他出國的when he went abroad先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=in which=in which在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語whenwhen5when引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句:其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞。其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞。（如：（如：time, day, week, year, month等）等）例：例：The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult perio

3、d of my life.（一）關(guān)系副詞（一）關(guān)系副詞whenwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句6知識拓展：知識拓展：1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以轉(zhuǎn)換為引導(dǎo)的定語從句也可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“介詞介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。(具體要用什么介詞，和先行詞有關(guān)，視具體情況而定）具體要用什么介詞，和先行詞有關(guān)，視具體情況而定）7I still remember the day when I first came to this school. (when= on which)He came at a time when we needed him most. (wh

4、en= at which)We will never forget the year 1949 when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. (when= in which) when = 介詞介詞+which82. 若定語從句的先行詞是時間，但定語從句缺若定語從句的先行詞是時間，但定語從句缺主語或賓語主語或賓語，則用，則用which或或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。 I ll never forget the time that / which I spent on campus. I ll never forget the time

5、that/ which was spent with you. 91. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. ifB. when C. which D. sinceB B 102. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. which B. whose C. in which D. with wh

6、ich C C 11定語從句的翻譯：定語從句的翻譯：April Fools Day is a day when people play jokes on friends 愚人節(jié)是愚人節(jié)是_日子。日子。人們可以和朋友開玩笑的人們可以和朋友開玩笑的 七月一日是七月一日是（他出生的）（他出生的）日子。日子。July 1st is the day _. when he was born 1945年是年是(二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的) 時間。時間。 The year 1945 was the time_ _. when the Second World War ended.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了(第一次來深

7、圳的第一次來深圳的)那一天。那一天。 I will never forget the day _ _. when I first came to Shenzhen.PracticePractice12 But farmers in more developed countries often grow crops in order to sell to other countries where food is in greater demand.where food is in greater demand定語從句定語從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= = in whichin which在

8、定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語wherewhere13 Tomorrow I will go to the town where I was born. 明天我要去明天我要去_那個小鎮(zhèn)。那個小鎮(zhèn)。 我出生的我出生的 where I was born.定語從句定語從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= = in whichin which在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語wherewhere14定語從句的翻譯定語從句的翻譯：The factory where I work will close down. _ _ 那家工廠將倒閉。那家工廠將倒閉。我工作的我工作的1 我將

9、要去我將要去(我爺爺住的我爺爺住的)那座城市。那座城市。2Ill go to the city _. where my grandpa lives.2這附近有沒有這附近有沒有(我可以買到花的我可以買到花的)商店？商店？ Is there a shop near here _ _? where I can buy some flowers?3我在我在（我們吃午餐的）（我們吃午餐的）那家餐館里丟了錢包。那家餐館里丟了錢包。 I lost my wallet in the restaurant _ _. where we had lunch.PracticePractice15（二）關(guān)系副詞（二）關(guān)

10、系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。地點(diǎn)的名詞。 （如：（如：place, school, factory, room等）等） 例：例：China is the only country where wild pandas can be found.This is the house where I lived two years ago. 16如果先行詞是相對抽象的名詞相對抽象的名詞，如situation，case，point，occasion，degree等，并且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做狀語，這時

11、應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)（這是近幾年高考的熱點(diǎn)）E.g. You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.17知識拓展：知識拓展：1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“介詞介詞+which” ”引導(dǎo)的定語從引導(dǎo)的定語從句句(這個介詞可以是這個介詞可以是at/in/on)。例：例：1)The hotel where we stayed wasn t clean.The hotel The hotel at whichat which we stayed

12、wasnt clean. we stayed wasnt clean. 182)The house is being repaired now. =The house =The house is being repaired is being repaired now.now.3）The floor where we sit is clean.The floor The floor on whichon which we sit is clean. we sit is clean.19The small mountain village _we spent our holiday last m

13、onth is now very famous.This is the park _they visited last year. 比比 較較wherewhich/that先行詞是先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)名詞，但在定語從句中做，但在定語從句中做賓語賓語或主語或主語時，先行詞時，先行詞不能不能用用where。20 I really dont know the reason why he was late again.我真的不知道我真的不知道_原因。原因。 他再次遲到的他再次遲到的 why he was late again.定語從句定語從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= = for whichfor

14、 which在定語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語在定語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語whywhy21 The reason why he was so sad was that he lost the game._原因是他比賽輸了原因是他比賽輸了。 他如此傷心的他如此傷心的 why he was so sad定語從句定語從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= = for whichfor which在定語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語在定語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語whywhy22定語從句的翻譯：定語從句的翻譯：I didnt tell him the reason why I was afraid. 我沒告訴他我沒告訴他_原因。原因。我害

15、怕的我害怕的(我不給你寫信的我不給你寫信的)原因是我不知道你的地址。原因是我不知道你的地址。The reason _ was that I didnt know your address. why I didnt write to you你是否知道你是否知道(他們做這件事的他們做這件事的)原因？原因？ Do you know the reason _?why they did it(我不喜歡那家餐館的我不喜歡那家餐館的)原因是我在那丟過東西。原因是我在那丟過東西。The reason _ is that I once lost something there. why I dont like

16、the restaurantPracticePractice23（三）關(guān)系副詞（三）關(guān)系副詞why 引導(dǎo)的定語從句。引導(dǎo)的定語從句。why引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是引導(dǎo)的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示原因的名詞表示原因的名詞，如：，如：excuse ; explanation; reason等。等。例：例：The reason why he didn t come to the party is that he didn t want to see Jane.24We can t accept the excuse why you were absent. This is the explana

17、tion why they put off the meeting.25知識拓展：知識拓展：1. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“for +which ”引導(dǎo)的定語從引導(dǎo)的定語從句。句。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.262. 若定語從句的先行詞是若定語從句的先行詞是reason，但定語從句，但定語從句缺主語或賓語缺主語或賓語，則用，則用which或或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。The reason that/ which she gave was not true

18、.27即學(xué)即用1) The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill.2) The reason he explained is not true. whywhy that/ whichthat/ which 28小結(jié)：小結(jié)：關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞whenwhenwherewherewhywhy充當(dāng)時間狀語充當(dāng)時間狀語,=,=介詞介詞+which+which充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語,=,=介詞介詞+which+which充當(dāng)原因狀語充當(dāng)原因狀語,=for+which,=for+which都相當(dāng)于介詞都相當(dāng)于介詞+ + whichwhich29先行詞在從句中做

19、狀語時，關(guān)系詞才可以用先行詞在從句中做狀語時，關(guān)系詞才可以用when， where和和why。30關(guān)系詞及其用法小結(jié)關(guān)系詞及其用法小結(jié)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 指代指代 在定從中在定從中 省略否省略否 who whom whose which that 人人作主語作主語不省不省人人作賓語作賓語可省可省人的人的/物的物的作定語作定語(+n)不省不省事事/物物作主語作主語/賓語賓語作賓語時可省作賓語時可省人人/物物作主語作主語/賓語賓語作賓語時可省作賓語時可省關(guān)系代詞在定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略中作賓語時可以省略 that 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 指代指代 在定從中在定從中 省略否省略否 wh

20、en where why介詞介詞+which作時間狀語作時間狀語介詞介詞+whichfor+which作地點(diǎn)狀語作地點(diǎn)狀語作原因狀語作原因狀語不省不省不省不省不省不省不可以省略不可以省略31介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句類型和注意事項關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句類型和注意事項The Attributive Clause III321：介詞：介詞+whichThe school in which he once studied is very famous.The hotel at which we stayed was clean.The reason for which we dont trus

21、t him is that he often lies.I ll never forget the time on which we worked on the farm.33I dont like the way in which she speaks.My computer ,without which I cant played computer games, crashed yesterday.Gun control is a subject about which Americans have argued for a long time.342:介詞+whomThis is the

22、 boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.Do you know the student to whom Jane is talking?The student to whom I want to be grateful is Tom.353（注意注意）含有介詞的固定短語一般不拆開，仍放在動詞短語的后面含有介詞的固定短語一般不拆開，仍放在動詞短語的后面。例如：look for ,look after ,take care of 等。This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for.(正確）This is th

23、e watch for which I am looking .(錯誤)The baby whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.（正確）The babies after whom the nurses are looking healthy.(錯誤)364：who和和that不能作介詞的賓語，介詞后關(guān)系代詞只能用不能作介詞的賓語，介詞后關(guān)系代詞只能用whom（指人），（指人），which（指（指物）和物）和whose（所有格，既指人也指物）。（所有格，既指人也指物）。the man with whom you talked just now

24、 is my neighbour .(正確）The plane in which we flew to Canada was very comfortable .(正確）The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbour .(錯誤）The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(錯誤） 37使用介詞使用介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時,介詞怎么選擇介詞怎么選擇?381:取決于從句中謂語動詞的固定搭配取決于從句中謂語動詞的固定搭配This is

25、 the dictionary on which I spent 50 yuan .(spend.on)This is the dictionary for which I paid 50 yuan. (pay.for.)392:取決于介詞和先行詞之間的搭配關(guān)系取決于介詞和先行詞之間的搭配關(guān)系I still remember the day on which I first talked to a foreigner.我還記得第一次用英語和外賓交談的那一天。（我還記得第一次用英語和外賓交談的那一天。（on a day)We wont forget the year in which the O

26、lympic Games was held in Beijing.我們不會忘記奧運(yùn)會在北京舉辦的那一年我們不會忘記奧運(yùn)會在北京舉辦的那一年。（in a year) 403：根據(jù)形容詞與介詞的搭配The student to whom I want to be grateful is Tom.(sb be grateful to sb)414:根據(jù)句意來確定介詞My cell phone, without which I cant play games, was stolen yesterday.昨天我的手機(jī)被偷了，沒有它我不能玩游戲。425：表示：表示所屬關(guān)系所屬關(guān)系或者或者整體與部分整體與部

27、分的關(guān)系時，常用的關(guān)系時，常用.of which/whom來引導(dǎo)定語從句。來引導(dǎo)定語從句。I have three brothers ,two of whom are teachers.我又三個兄弟，其中兩個是老師。She bought five books ,three of which were about English grammar.她買了五本書，其中有三本是關(guān)于英語語法的43（四）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞（四）判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞 方法一：用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于方法一：用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要

28、用后面無賓語，就必須要用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要用；而不及物動詞則要用關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 441. This is the mountain village _ _ I visited last year.2. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.3. This is the mountain village _ _ I stayed in last year.that/ whichthat/ whichwherewherethat/ whichthat/ which45方法二：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、賓、定

29、、狀），也能正方法二：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出確選擇出關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系副詞。 461. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held?A. where B. that C. on which D. the one47解題思路：解題思路：題干句如果是疑問句式，要將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。題干句如果是疑問句式，要將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。方

30、法二中的第一個句子變?yōu)榭隙ň洌悍椒ǘ械牡谝粋€句子變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢his museum is _ you visited a few days ago.A. where B. that C. on which D. the oneD D缺先行詞缺先行詞48第二個句子變?yōu)榭隙ň洌旱诙€句子變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢his is the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the oneA A49歸納歸納關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞先行詞在從句中所作的成分：在從句中所作的成分：1）先行詞在從句中作）先行詞在

31、從句中作主、定、賓語主、定、賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞時，選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；2）先行詞在從句中作）先行詞在從句中作狀語狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點(diǎn)狀語，地點(diǎn)狀語，when 時時間狀語，間狀語，why 原因狀語原因狀語) 。50wayway 作先行詞時關(guān)系詞的使用作先行詞時關(guān)系詞的使用I really dont like the way ( that/ in which ) he talks with his parents.Do it the way I showed you. 先行詞先行詞 the way

32、 (作狀語時）作狀語時） in which that 51辨析辨析which /where / when /whywhich /where / when /why在定語從句中作在定語從句中作狀語狀語還是作還是作主語主語/ /賓語賓語52which or where/when/whywhich or where/when/why 1. This is the museum _ my mother worked 10 years ago. (worked in the museum 地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語) This is the museum _ was built in 1950. (the mus

33、eum was build) （museum 主語）主語）在定語從句中作在定語從句中作狀語狀語還是作還是作主語主語/ /賓語賓語wherewherewhichwhich532. July 1, 1921 was the day _ our Party was founded. (our Party was founded on the day 作狀語）作狀語） July 1, 1921 was the day _ we will not forget.（we will never forget the day作賓語）作賓語）whenwhenwhichwhichwhich or where/wh

34、en/whywhich or where/when/why在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/ /賓語賓語543. I remember the days _ I lived in my home town. (I lived in my home town during the days 作狀語）作狀語） I remember the days _ I spent with my grandpa.（I spent the days with . the days作賓語）作賓語）whenwhenwhichwhichwhich or where/when/whywhich

35、or where/when/why在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/ /賓語賓語554. The house _ were going to visit was built a century ago. (visit the house) The house _ used to be a temple is a school now. (the house used to be a temple) The house _ he used to live was flooded. ( he used to live in the house)(which / that )

36、(which / that )which / that which / that where where 565.A bookstore is a place_ you can get books. (you can get the books in the place) A bookstore is a place _ books are sold. (books are sold in the place) A bookstore is a place _ sell books. (the place sells books)wherewherewhich/thatwhich/thatwh

37、erewhere576.I cant find the card _ I wrote your address. ( I wrote your address on the card) I cant find the card _ _ I wrote your address.7.The box _ he put his photos is gone. (he put his photo into the box) The box _ he is carrying is heavy. (he is carrying the box)wherewherewherewhereononwhichwh

38、ich(that/ which)(that/ which)588.The hotel _ we stayed during our holiday stands by the seaside. (we stayed in the hotel) The hotel _ stands by the seaside is quite comfortable. (the hotel stands by the seaside)wherewherewhich/ thatwhich/ thatwhich or where/when/whywhich or where/when/why在定語從句中作狀語還是

39、作主語在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/ /賓語賓語599.The reason _ he did it is not clear. (he did it for .reason 作狀語作狀語 ) The reason _ he gave to the teacher is unbelievable. (he gave the reason(賓語賓語) to the teacher) whywhywhichwhichwhich or where/when/whywhich or where/when/why在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/ /賓語賓語601.Do you

40、know _ _(老師生氣的老師生氣的原因原因)?2._(我們住過的酒店我們住過的酒店) provided really good service.3.The third hour of class in the afternoon is _ _ (我們運(yùn)動的時間我們運(yùn)動的時間).4. I dont like _ _ (我在那丟過錢包的那我在那丟過錢包的那家商店家商店). the reason why the teacher was angryThe hotel where we stayed the time when we have sports the shop where I lost

41、 my wallet完成句子：完成句子：615._(我爸爸工作的那家醫(yī)院我爸爸工作的那家醫(yī)院) is not far from here. 6.Ill never forget _ _ (我在農(nóng)我在農(nóng)村工作的那些日子村工作的那些日子).7Ive never seen him since _ _ (他他出國的那一年出國的那一年).8. _ (我不給你寫信的原因我不給你寫信的原因)was that I had forgot your address.The hospital where my father works the days when I worked in the countryside the year when he went abroadThe reason why I didnt write to you 62 as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與it引導(dǎo)的句子引導(dǎo)的句子The earth is round, and _is known to all._is known to all, the earth is round._is known to all that the earth is round. A. (I)it B. A(a)s A AB BA A633. 定語從句和狀語從句定語從句和狀語從句(1) This is such a b