非謂語動詞考點及易錯點

1、非謂語動詞考點及易錯點非謂語動詞在高考中的考點及易錯點一非謂語題的解題總方法與思路：1. 先看四個答案：如果四個答案分別為動詞原形、不 定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等情況，那么這個題多半是 非謂語動詞題。2. 看符號：中間有個逗號，末尾有個句號（有時中間 沒有逗號）；3. 看有沒有連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 。如果用逗號隔開的兩 個部分都沒有連接詞的話， 一部分是句子時， 那么另一 部分就一定是非句子， 而非句子里的動詞就是非謂語動 詞。4. 定語態(tài)：如果本句的主語 （或動詞自帶的邏輯主語） 與它是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系， 那么答案一般用 Ving 形式； 如果本句的主語 （或動詞自帶的邏輯主語） 與它是邏輯 上

2、的動賓關(guān)系（被動關(guān)系），那么答案一般用 v-ed 形式。5. 定時態(tài)：如果非謂語的動作比謂語先（或先很久） 發(fā)生，那么非謂語動詞要用完成式 （ to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done ），否則我們 要用非謂語的一般式（ to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。Eg.1. for an hour by his teacher, the boy feltdepressed.A. Being scolded B. Having been scolded C. T

3、o be scolded D. Scolding 【1答案： B】 二非謂語動詞可能出現(xiàn)的考查點及易錯點：一）使用非謂動詞的語言結(jié)構(gòu)。1）在“短語 , and/or + 句子”的并列句結(jié)構(gòu)中，可能會 考查“以動詞原形開頭”的祈使句，四個答案表面上像 非謂語，其實考查的是謂語。2. hard and you will succeed in the exam.3. hard or you will fail in the exam.A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied【2、3答案：A A】2）在“句子，短語”結(jié)構(gòu)中，短語部分用非謂語：4. The

4、teacher devoted his life to his career, most of his students successful in study.A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【 4 答案： C】3）在“短語，句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中，短語部分用非謂語：5. with children, I know what is neededmost.A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. To work 【 5 答案： B】4）在“with +賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足 語可能用非謂語動詞：6. With

5、her baby on her back, the womanwas cleaning the rich man 's house.A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping【6 答案： D】7. With his hair like a role in the film, theboy felt very cool.A. cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut【7 答案： B】5）在 drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear 等 使役動詞或感官動詞后面作賓語補足

6、語時， 也可能用非謂語動詞。8. He made his sister by taking away her toy.9. His sister was made by his taking awayher toy.A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 【 8、 9 答 案： A B】10. The policeman found the thief his handinto an old man 's pocket and arrested him.A. put B. putting C. to put D. being put 【 10 答案：B】

7、二) . 非謂語動詞考點易錯點：1) 表面上考分詞，實際上考形容詞的情況：11. , he fell asleep quickly.A. Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire 【11 答案： C】12. The man won a big prize, andA. surprised ; happyB. surprising ;happyC. surprised ; pleasantD. surprising ;pleased 【12 答案： A】13. in thought of the problems, the mandidn 't realize

8、 his girlfriend 's coming in.A. Losing B. Lost C. To lose D. Having lost【13 答案： B】14. The students in art can sign in the formand be a member of our school.A. interest B. interesting C. interested D.To interest 【 14 答案： C】2）在“被動形式表主動”情況中出題：15. a white skirt, the girl looks like aangel.A. Worn B.

9、 wear C. dressed in D. dressing 【15答案： C】（wear的后面加衣服；dress表示動作時，后面要接人 而不加衣服之類的詞；be dressed in是固定搭配，其中 的 dressed 已經(jīng)演變成形容詞，本是其實可以看成是 when the girl is dressed in a white skirt 省略而來的。 ）16. in a armchair, he is always surfing online,eating fish and chips.A. Sit B. Sat C. Seating D. Seated【16 答案：D】（Sit是動詞

10、，應(yīng)該用sitting形式;seat作及物動詞時， 其后要接表人的反身代詞，否則用過去分。 ）3）在“主動形式表被動”的情況中出題：17. tired and weak, the woman should havea day off to see a doctor.A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. Looking 【17 答案： D】（ look 在本題中不是實意動詞， 而是感觀系動詞， 系 動詞在非謂語中用主動式表被動。 ）18. With many problems , thenewly selected president will have a hard

11、time.A. remain; unsettled B. remaining; unsettledC. remained; unsettling D. remained; unsettling 【18 答案： B】（用 with 開頭的部分在這里是一個介詞短語，不是 句子，因此用非謂語，而 remain 表示“仍然；仍然是” 時是系動詞， 只能用主動形式； problems 與 unsettle 是 動賓關(guān)系或被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞 unsettled. ）19. Having some clothes , I cannot joinyou to see the film.A. to was

12、h B. to be washed C. washed D . washing【19 答案： A 】（賓語補足語中的動詞用非謂語動詞； 雖然衣服應(yīng)該 是被洗， 但是當(dāng)句子主語與不定式為主謂關(guān)系時， 我們 用主動形式表被動。 ）20. smooth, this kind of pen sells well inour school.A. To write B. Writing C. being written D. Written【20 答案 ：B】 20解析：動詞如果不是表示動作，而是表示物體 具有某種性質(zhì)或特征時，往往用主動形式表示被動。4）從“主語一致或主語不一致”角度出題： 逗號分開的前

13、后兩部分有時邏輯主語一致， 有時邏輯 主語不一致。 邏輯主語不一致時， 非謂語動詞一般要自 帶邏輯主語，這種現(xiàn)象叫做“分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 ”21. from this angle, the mountain lookslike a face of a man.A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw 【21 答案： C】 21 解析：空格處的動詞本身沒有帶主語，那么本 句的主語 the mountain 就要做其邏輯主語，由于 the mountain與see是動賓關(guān)系，所以我們選用過去分詞。22. , I'll go there with you tom

14、orrowafternoon.【 22 答案： C】A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting 22解析：permit與I沒有主謂關(guān)系，也沒有動賓 關(guān)系， permit 自帶了邏輯主語 time（ “時間允許的話 ”）， 而 time 與 permit 為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分 詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)。三）注意的幾點：1）有些分詞有時可作分詞有時又可作形容詞。23. enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave.【23 答案 C】24. with diffic

15、ulties, we should not givein.【24答案B】A. To face B. Faced C. Facing D. face 23、24 解析： 23題中的 face 是一個動詞，由于 與 Liu Hunan 是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系， 我們用現(xiàn)在分詞形 式，；24 題中實際上考查了 be faced with 這一固定搭配， 其中的faced看成形容詞。25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, to help solve the crisis.26. The president of South Africa flie

16、d to Libya, at helping solve the crisis.A. aim B. aiming C. aimed D. to aim【25選 B26選 C】 25、26解析： 25 題考查了動詞 aim to do sth.（ 旨 在做某事 ），；26 題考查固定搭配 be aimed at doing sth.（旨在做某事）其中的aimed看成形容詞27. Though money, his parents sent him toa key university.28. Though in money, his parents sent himto a key univer

17、sity.29. Though in of money, his parents senthim to a key university.A. lack B. lacking C. lacked D. to lack 【27選B、28選B、29選A】27、28、29解析：27題中非謂語動詞lacking （與 his parents 及 money 分別構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系和動 賓關(guān)系）；28 題中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in（ “缺少”），其中的 lacking 為形容詞； 29 題考查了固定搭配 （介賓結(jié)構(gòu)） in lack of（ “缺少”），其中的 lack 是名詞， 這

18、其實是由 though his parents were in lack of money 省 略了主語和were而業(yè)的2）作結(jié)果狀語時，doing與（only）to do的區(qū)別。表示結(jié)果狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞（ v+ing ）表示意料之 中的結(jié)果；而不定式（ to do/ only to do ）表示意料之外 的結(jié)果：30. His parents were killed in theaccident,（thus ） him an orphan.A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave 【 30 選 B】 30 解析：他父母出了事故，他變成了孤兒就是 意料之中

19、在事情了，用現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果狀語。31. I hurried to school, only that it wasSunday. 【31 選 D】A. find B. finding C. found D. to find 31 解析：發(fā)現(xiàn)是星期天是我匆忙趕到學(xué)校意料之 外的結(jié)果， 說明我忘記了， 如果我知道是星期天就不可能還匆忙地趕到學(xué)校了。用不定式表意料之外的的結(jié)果。3）作主語時，非謂語動詞之to do與doing的區(qū)別。32. is a good form of exercise for bothyou ng and old.【32 選 B 】A. The walkB. WalkingC

20、. To walkD. Walk不定式做主語常表示具體的一次性的動作；動句詞表示一般的經(jīng)常性的動作，多次散步才會有利于健 康。4）演變成了介詞或連詞的分詞。英語中有些詞表面上看是分詞，但實際上已經(jīng)變成了 介詞，因此應(yīng)該用ing形式還是分詞ed形式已經(jīng)變得 約定俗成了。這時往往不適用非謂動詞規(guī)則，而是看 英美人士的習(xí)慣。33. her age she looks quite young .A. Consider B. Considered C. To considerD.Con sideri ng33解析：題意是：“就她的年齡而論，她顯得十分年 輕。”這里的considering表示“考慮到；鑒

21、于”，它已 經(jīng)變成了介詞，不管是“考慮還是被考慮”這里都用considering。高中階段我們還學(xué)過的有:介詞concerni ngregard ingaccordi n g toin cludi n gowi ng to關(guān)于關(guān)于根據(jù)；按包括因為；由于昭八、連詞give nsuppos in gsee ing (that)imagi ngprovidi ng/provid ed鑒于假如因為；既 然假如假如5）有些非謂語動詞是省略而來的，有些則不是。34. by her mother, the girl burst into tears.【34選B】A. Be scolded B. Scolde

22、d C.ScoldingD. Toscold34解析：scold與the girl是動賓關(guān)系，因此用過去 分詞作原因狀語；其實這個句子也是由一個完整的原 因狀語從句省略來的。原句為：Because the girl wasscolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 當(dāng)主從 復(fù)合句的主語一致，且謂語動詞里有be動詞時，可以 把 連詞+主語+be”部分省略。35. the stars for 5 years, he is now calledan expert more or less.【35 選 B】A. Studying B. Havin

23、g studied C. Having been studied D. To study35解析：逗號前面部分不是句子省略而來，由于he與study是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，加上 study在先（有5 年了）,被叫做“專家”在后，所以用非謂語動詞的 主動完成式6）“連詞+分詞”和“介詞+動名詞”的區(qū)別。36. ifano ther hour, I would have fini shed itbetter.（give的恰當(dāng)形式填空）。37. Whilehomework, the boy likes liste ningto light music.（do的恰當(dāng)形式填空）6、37 解析：36.give

24、n 是由 if I had been given an other hour省略來的，if在省略前省略后都是連詞；37. doing 是由 while the boy are doing homework 省 略來的，while在省略前后都是連詞38. After, he found a job as a secretary in acompany.（graduate 的恰當(dāng)形式填空）39. Beforea proper person to be the newpreside nt, the old preside nt would n ' resig n.（select 的 恰當(dāng)形式

25、填空）38、39 解析：38. graduating/graduation after 這 時是個介詞，所以后面總是用動名詞，如果改為after he graduated，那么這個after就變成了連詞。39題中的 before用法與after 一樣，后面加句子時，是連詞，后 面只加一個動詞時，要用動名詞形式，并充當(dāng)介詞。所以 39填 selecting非謂語動詞專練1. While watchi ng televisio n,.A. the doorbell rangB. weheard the doorbell ringC. there was some one knocking at t

26、he door D. we heard the doorbell rung2. China is knowngreatly in terms of its culturalvalues over the past few years.A. to changeB. having changed C.cha ngingD. to have cha nged3. I ' m afraid we ' II have to work extra hours, for thereare still some problems.A. remaining to settleB. remaini

27、ng to besettledC. rema ined to talk aboutD. to rema in todiscuss4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike _ us his car just for a day.A. lendingB. lendC. to lendD. le nt5. The local gover nment is tryi ng all out to find out whoisthe forest fire .A. to blame for start ingB to blame

28、to startC. to be blamed for startingD. to be blamed tostart6. The railway bridge _by the end of n ext yearwill provide a faster route to tran sport goods .A. completeB. to complete C. to becompleted D. completed7. All the class except Eddie, who is ill,there .A . were expecting goingB . isexpected t

29、o goC. was expecting goingD. are expected togo8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed more than 100,0130 people andmakes millions homeless, it perhaps themost destro ying earthquake in history.A. to kill; makingB. to have killed;mak ingC. hav ing killed; to makeD. killi ng; made

30、9. I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea whe nit.C. to haveA. shall we have B. will we haveD. hav ing10. What are you busy with?The conference _ in our city next week, asyou know.A. heldB. will be heldC. beholdi ngD. to be held11. An air France jet is reportedin theAtla ntic

31、Ocea n with 228 people aboard, the airli neworst disaster in its 75-year history .A. to have crashed B. to have been crashed C.hav ing crashedD. hav ing bee n crashed12. Her husband and she are now at work on a newdicti onary n ext year.A. to publish B. being published C. published D. to be publishe

32、d13. The 2010 World Expo in Shanghai isexpected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad.A. to hold B. to be held C. held D. to beholdi ng14. Whe n the telepho ne ran g, I happe nedin thekitche n, but whe n I came over to get it, it rang off.A. to cookB. to have cooked C. to bec

33、ook ingD. hav ing cooked15 m won deri ng why the visitors chose to stay with the host family.real local life.A. Experie ncingB. Experie neeC.Toexperie nee D. Having experie need16. Why do you want the radio so much?to the latest n ews on in ter nati onalaffairs, sir.A. Liste ningB. Liste nsC. Liste

34、nedD. To liste n17. The government has done everything it can the buried min ers.A. to save B. sav ingC. saveD. saved18. people have food and water, thegover nment has sent eno ugh supplies to quake-hit Y ushu.A. Make sure B. To make sure C. Making sure D. Made sure19. Our teachers often tell us, “

35、theharder you study, the more questions you will think of . ”A. ask ingB. to askC. being askedD. to be asked20. To greatly raise people' s living conditions.A. all kinds of measures have take nB. theyhave take n all kinds of measuresC. it is said that they have take n all kinds of measuresD. I t

36、hi nk they have take n all kinds of measures21. the growing number of patients, the clinichad to exte nd its service from five days to seve n days a week.A. To accommodate B. Accommodat ingC. Bei ng accommodatedD. Accommodated22. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful informationa

37、bout thunderstormssimilar accide nts happe ning.A. preve ntB. preve nti ngC. to preve nt D.preve nted23. more about Participant Service of Expo2010, Sha nghai Chi na, call Hotl ine +86-21-962010.A. To find outC. Find out24. He hurried girlfriend had left.A. to tellD. toldB. Finding outD. Having foun

38、d outto the hotel, only hisB. to be toldC. telli ngneed your mountainC. To cover D.25. 60 miles a day, youbike in a very good state.A. Cover B. CoveredHaving covered26. Our monitor , it clear to us that he didnwant to waste time playi ng computer games left the Internet bar quickly.A . madeB. having

39、 madeC. makingD. had made27. by greater dema nd of vegetables, farmershave built more gree n houses.A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. Todrive D. Having drive n28. the chapter four times, I fin allyunderstood the author's theory .A. ReadingB. Having read C. To readD. Read29. -Come on, please give me som

40、e ideas about the project.-Sorry, with so much workmy mi nd, Ialmost break dow n.A. filled B. filli ng C. to fill D. bei ng filled30. The manager, his factory 'isoducts werepoor in quality, decided to give his workers further trai ning.A. knowingB. knownC. toknowD. bei ng known31 The 82nd Oscars

41、 Academy Awards, thebest in film for 2009, was held on Sun day, March 7, 2010.A. to honor B. honoringC. honored D.hav ing honored32. The Hotel Al Arabthe first and only 7-starhotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.A . was considered B. consideringC . beingconsidered D .

42、 considered33. In 1888, a major French n ewspaper announ ced thedeath of Nobel in an article “ Themerchant of death is dead ” which indicated that Nobel was only thought of as onefromkilli ng.A. read; profit ingB. read; to profitC. readi ng; profitedD. readi ng; profiti ng34. Nowadays, many people a

43、bout eatingB.habits what they believe.A. take choices; base onmake choices; based onC. do choices; bas ing onD.have choices; to base on35. China has a population of 1.3 billion, it thelargest country in the world by populati on.A. maki ngB. made C. makesD.to make36. Three times in a row ,the boxer d

44、ecidedto give up fighti ng.A . Having defeatedB .To have defeatedC . Having been defeatedD . To have beendefeated37. after a long walk , Henry called and saidhe couldn ' t come for our partyA . Having worn outB . Wearing outC . Worn outD . To be worn out38. Accordi ng to the report, people in th

45、e areasare rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have bee n repaired.A . flooded; leadB . flooding; leadingC . flooding; to leadD . flooded; leading39. What are on show in the museum?Some picturesby middle-school stude nts.A. takingB. having been taken C . takenD.being take n40. They pl

46、an to go abroad for a holiday with all thetask ahead of time.A. to finish B. fini shed C. fini shi ng D. hav ing fini shed41. _, in some areas the electricity was cut off,reside nts in 8 coun ties spe nd their lunar NewYear' s Eve in darkness.A. Maki ng matters worse, mak ingB. What wasworse, to

47、 makeC. Worse still, makingD. To make mattersworse, to make42. From the school name on the package, weguessed that it might bel ong to a stude nt of our school.A. to markB. marki ngC. markedD. hav ingbee n marked43. In summer,food will gobadifin roomtemperature.A. leavingB .leftC.being leftD . havin

48、g left44. Oncethis city, you' Ilfind that there is somuch surprise waiting for you to discover.A . visitingB . visit C . visited D . to visit45. Subway Line 4 , into use in September 2009,has made traveling in Beijing easier.A . having been put B. puttingC. being putD. put46. - Is there any poss

49、ibility of the filmin ParisIn ter nati onal Festival?-Not in the least, because the audie nee gen erally think little of it.A. tryi ng outB. tried outC. to try outD. being tried out47. With three children school, thecouple have to leave their hometown in the coun tryside and work in big cities throu

50、ghout theyear.A. attendingB. to attending C. attendedD. being attended48. When I came in, I found Lucy by thewindow to music.A. seated; listeningB. seated; listenedC. seating; listened D. seating; listening49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it three times.A. explainingB. to

51、 explainC. explainedD. explain50. Stella was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression.A put awayBcarried out Cturned downD left out非謂語動詞專練答案及解析1 Bt后接查帶胃語的不定式作賓語為故我們根據(jù)且嚼 后接不帶 to 的不定式作賓補。故選 B。2D 考查不定式的完成時。 根據(jù) over the past few years 可知動作已經(jīng)完成。故用不定式的完成時。3B 考查非謂語動詞的用法。句意：我恐怕不得不加 班

52、了，因仍有一些問題有待處理。 根據(jù)句意問題被 解決可知選 B。4C 考查動詞搭配及非謂語動詞。 此處考查短語 get sb to do sth 使某人做某事。5A 考查非謂語動詞的用法。此處 to blame 用不定式 的主動形式表被動；介詞 for 后用動名詞。6A 考查非謂語動詞的用法。不定式作定語表示將來- 19 -的動作。7. D考查非謂語動詞及主謂一致的用法。句意：除了 Eddie班里的所有學(xué)生都期望去那里。8 B be believed to have done sth 據(jù)信已經(jīng)做了某事； making it perhaps the most destroying earthqua

53、ke in history 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。9. C “wh疑問詞+不定式”吉構(gòu)作賓語、表語或者同位語，表示（將來）要做的事情，等于從句：Whenwe shall /will have it。10. D考查非謂語動詞的用法。根據(jù) next week可知選 to be held，不定式作定語表示將來的動作。11. A.此題考查非謂語動詞的用法.據(jù)報道，一架裝有 228名乘客的法國飛機墜落在大西洋 是航空75年的 歷史上最大的災(zāi)難.12. D考查不定式作定語。此處to be published作定語， 修飾a new dictionary，意為：她和她的丈夫正在編 寫的明年要出版一本新的

54、詞典。13. B考查不定式作定語。此處The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai即將在上海舉行的世博會。14. C考查不定式的進行時。句意：當(dāng)電話響的時候，我碰巧正在廚房做飯。根據(jù)句意選C。15. C考查不定式作目的狀語。原句可改為：the visitorschose to stay with the host family to experienee real local life.句意：參觀者選擇和主人住在一起為 了體驗真正的當(dāng)?shù)厣睢?6. D在情景對話中考查不定式作目的狀語。原句為：I want the radio so much to lis

55、ten to the news 。此處 to listen 作目的狀語。17. A考查不定式作狀語。此句can后省略了 do,原 句結(jié)構(gòu)為： The government has done everything it can do to save the buried miners.18. B 考查動詞不定式作目的狀語。句意：為確保人們 有食物和飲用水,政府已經(jīng)向玉樹震災(zāi)區(qū)運輸足夠 的供應(yīng)物資。19. B考查非謂語動詞。此題容易錯選asking。因為 think of 已經(jīng)有自己的賓語 the more questions, 所 以選 to ask 目的狀語,意為 “想出更多的問題來 問”。2

56、0. B 分析語境可知, 為了提高人民生活水平的邏輯主 語應(yīng)為 “他們”,因此應(yīng)用 they 做主句主語。不定 式做目的狀語時,其邏輯主語應(yīng)為主句主語。21. A 考查不定式作目的狀語。 句意：為滿足不斷增長 的病人的要求, 診所不得不把他們的服務(wù)由一周五 天增加到七天。22. C 考查不定式作目的狀語。 句意：泰德和他的朋友 們建立一個提供有關(guān)雷雨信息的網(wǎng)站以避免類似 事故的發(fā)生。根據(jù)句意選 C。23. A 考查不定式作狀語。 此處不定式 to find out 表目 的。24. B 考查不定式作結(jié)果狀語。句意：他急匆匆地到達 旅館卻意外發(fā)現(xiàn)他的女朋友已經(jīng)離開了。 此處不定 式作狀語表意外的結(jié)果。25. C 考查不定式作狀語。句意：為了每天行 60英里,你的山地車需要好的車況。26 B 考查非謂語動詞的用法。本句可改為：