小學(xué)英語語法-一般現(xiàn)在時詳細(xì)講解

1、精選課件1The simple present tense一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時精選課件2我的功能我的功能1. 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)I wash the dishes every day.You sometimes take a bus home. They usually have lunch at 11:30.He always gets up early. She is often late for school. 2. 表示表示表示客觀事實(shí)表示客觀事實(shí)You are 13.He is a student. You study at Olympic

2、Garden Middle School.精選課件3always(總是) usually(通常) often(經(jīng)常) sometimes(有時) hardly(幾乎不) rarely（很少） never(從不) every day(每天) every year(每年） all the time（所有時間）on Monday（在星期一） in January （在某月）3. 表示表示永恒不變的真理；永恒不變的真理； The moon goes round the earth. 精選課件4 一一. be. be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時be動詞：動詞： 主語主語 + be +其它其它如如：I

3、 am a boy. 我是一個男孩。 He is a boy.他是一個男孩。 am is(單三）單三） are精選課件5肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+bebe+其它其它 如：如： He is a worker. You are thirteen.He is a worker. You are thirteen. 否定句：主語否定句：主語+ bebe+ notnot+其它其它 如：如： He is not a worker.He is not a worker. You arent thirteen. You arent thirteen.一般疑問句：一般疑問句：BeBe+主語主語+其它其它? 如：

4、如： Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt.Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt. Are you thirteen? Yes, I am ./No, I am not. Are you thirteen? Yes, I am ./No, I am not.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：疑問詞疑問詞+bebe+主語主語+其它其它? 如：如： What is he? What colour is that bird? What is he? What colour is that bird? How old are y

5、ou? Where are they ? How old are you? Where are they ?2. be2. be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的基本句型動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的基本句型二二. 實(shí)義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時實(shí)義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時1 1、什么叫實(shí)義動詞？、什么叫實(shí)義動詞？ 實(shí)義動詞是指實(shí)義動詞是指表示有具體意思的表示有具體意思的動詞動詞,也叫行為動詞。也叫行為動詞。 如如: like(喜歡）喜歡）, eat（吃）（吃）, live（居?。ň幼。? have（有）（有）, run（跑）（跑） 等等。等等。實(shí)義動詞占英語中動詞的絕大多數(shù)。實(shí)義動詞占英語中動詞的絕大多數(shù)。 我們已學(xué)過的我們已學(xué)過的

6、be 動詞可譯成動詞可譯成“是是”，有時譯成有時譯成“成為成為”，有時則沒有具體意，有時則沒有具體意思如：思如： “She is tall.”這句譯成：這句譯成： “她很她很高高”。故。故be 動詞不屬于實(shí)義動詞。動詞不屬于實(shí)義動詞。2 2、一般現(xiàn)在時實(shí)義動詞作謂語的時侯有兩種形式：、一般現(xiàn)在時實(shí)義動詞作謂語的時侯有兩種形式：動詞原形；如動詞原形；如: enjoy第三人稱單數(shù)動詞形式；如第三人稱單數(shù)動詞形式；如: enjoys主語主語 + (+其它其它)。行為動詞原形行為動詞原形行為動詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式行為動詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式如如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語. He s

7、tudies French. 精選課件9一般現(xiàn)在時結(jié)構(gòu)靜態(tài)句“ to be” 動態(tài)句“to do”精選課件10靜態(tài)句靜態(tài)句“to be”肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句主語主語+ be動詞動詞+I am a girl.He is at home.They are happy.主語主語+ be動詞動詞+not+He is not a farmer.We are not at school.I am not tall.Be動詞動詞+ 主語主語+?Is he a farmer?Are you students?Are the books on the table?精選課件11動態(tài)句動態(tài)句

8、“to do”肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句主語主語+ 動原動原+三單主語三單主語+動詞三單動詞三單+We go to school everyday.He goes home after school.主語主語+ dont +動原動原+三單主語三單主語+doesnt +動原動原We dont go to schoolHe doesnt go home Do+主語主語+動原動原?Does +三單主語三單主語+動原動原?Do you go to school?Does he go home?精選課件12 哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)? 精選課件13一、人稱代詞一、人

9、稱代詞he, she, ithe, she, it是第三人稱單是第三人稱單數(shù)。數(shù)。 He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起來像只貓。精選課件14二、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主二、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。 Han Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來像她的母親 Beijing is in China. 北京在中國。 Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。 精

10、選課件15三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或this / that / this / that / the+the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 作主語時，是第三作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。人稱單數(shù)。 A panda is a shy animal. 熊貓是害羞的動物。 This book is yellow. 這本書是黃色的。 That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。 The cat is black. 這只貓是黑色的。精選課件16 3 3、實(shí)義動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞形式變化規(guī)則、實(shí)義動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的動詞形式變化規(guī)則一般情況下直接加一般情況下直接加-s-swalkwalkwalk

11、walks s以以s. x. sh. ch. os. x. sh. ch. o尾尾 加加-es-eswatchwatchwatchwatchesesgogogogoeses“輔音字母輔音字母+y”+y”結(jié)尾結(jié)尾 變變y y為為i, i, 再加再加-es-es，flyflflyfliesies 特殊情況特殊情況havehas havehas dodoesdodoesgogoesgogoes精選課件17當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞需變化當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞需變化.動詞單三的變化：動詞單三的變化：1、一般情況下，直接一般情況下，直接加加s，如：，如： reads, plays, works,

12、 makes2、以、以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾，后加結(jié)尾，后加es. 如：如： watches washes teaches3、以輔音字母加、以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾結(jié)尾,一般加一般加es ,如：如：does, goes4、“元音字母元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，結(jié)尾的單詞，直接在詞尾加直接在詞尾加-s。 如：如：plays, says5、輔音字母輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞結(jié)尾的單詞, 去去y,加加ies, 如：如：flies, studies6、不規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化 如：如：have-has精選課件18Exercise sit_ swim_ go _ _ do _ make _ run _ writ

13、e_ see_ _ cry_ study _ watch_ wash_ say_ play _ have_ take_ swimsgoesdoesmakesrunswritescries_seesstudieswatcheswashessays_playshas_takessits1) 1) 肯定句肯定句: :主語主語（I/We/You/TheyI/We/You/They）+ +實(shí)義動詞原形實(shí)義動詞原形+ +其他其他 如：如：I I staystay at home on Saturdays. at home on Saturdays. They They havehave sports ev

14、ery day. sports every day.主語主語（He/She/ItHe/She/It）+ +實(shí)義動詞單三形式實(shí)義動詞單三形式+ +其他其他 如：如：He He stays stays at home on Saturdays.at home on Saturdays. Lucy Lucy has has sports every day.sports every day.4 4、實(shí)義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的基本句型、實(shí)義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的基本句型 2) 否定句：否定句：主語主語（I/We/You/TheyI/We/You/They）+ + do+notdo+not+ +動詞原形動詞原形

15、+ +其他其他 如：如：I dont stay at home on Saturdays.I dont stay at home on Saturdays. They dont have sports every day. They dont have sports every day.主語主語（He/She/ItHe/She/It）+ + does+notdoes+not+ +動詞原形動詞原形+ +其他其他 如：如：He doesnt stay at home on Saturdays.He doesnt stay at home on Saturdays. Lucy doesnt have

16、 sports every day. Lucy doesnt have sports every day.3) 3) 一般疑問句及其肯、否定回答：一般疑問句及其肯、否定回答：DoDo+ +主語主語（I/we/you/theyI/we/you/they）+ +動詞原形動詞原形+ +其他？其他？ 如：如：Do you stay at home on Saturdays?Do you stay at home on Saturdays? Yes,I do./No,I dont. Yes,I do./No,I dont. Do they have sports every day? Do they h

17、ave sports every day? Yes, they do./No, they dont. Yes, they do./No, they dont.DoesDoes+ +主語主語（he/she/ithe/she/it）+ +動詞原形動詞原形+ +其他？其他？ 如：如：Does he stay at home on Saturdays?Does he stay at home on Saturdays? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Does Lucy have sports every day? Does

18、Lucy have sports every day? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.4) 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句： 疑問詞疑問詞+ do/doesdo/does+主語主語+動詞原形動詞原形+其他？其他？如：如： What do you want? What does she want? What time do you have lunch? What time does she have lunch? What do you do? What does she do? How do you spell it? Ho

19、w does he spell it?特殊疑問句特殊疑問句: 疑問詞疑問詞+一般疑問句一般疑問句?直接回答，而不用直接回答，而不用yes 或或no.5.5.一般現(xiàn)在時的句型變換一般現(xiàn)在時的句型變換1） I usually play football on Friday.改為一般疑問句改為一般疑問句: Do you usually play football on Friday?對劃線部分提問對劃線部分提問: What do you usually do on Friday? 2） My father go to work by bike everyday.對劃線部分提問對劃線部分提問: How

20、 does your father go to work everyday?精選課件24一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（否定句）（否定句） 在一般現(xiàn)在時中，句在一般現(xiàn)在時中，句中有中有bebe動詞或情態(tài)動詞動詞或情態(tài)動詞（cancan等）時，否定句在等）時，否定句在bebe動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加notnot。 例如例如精選課件25一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（否定句）（否定句）1、I am a teacher.否：否：I am not a teacher.2、He is a student.否：否： He is not a student.3、You are a boy.否：否： You are

21、not a boy.4、I can swim.否：否： I can not（cant) swim.精選課件26變否定句變否定句I am a good boy.I am not a good boy.精選課件27變否定句變否定句They are students.They are not students.精選課件28變否定句變否定句She can speak English.She can not speak English.精選課件29一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（否定句）（否定句） 句中沒有句中沒有bebe動詞或情態(tài)動動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，主語為詞時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)的的否定句在動詞前加

22、否定句在動詞前加does not does not (doesn(doesnt)t), ,非單三非單三時，否定時，否定句在動詞前加句在動詞前加do notdo not（dondont)t) 例如例如精選課件30一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（否定句）（否定句） 1 1、I to school by bus. I to school by bus. 否：否： I to school by bus. I to school by bus. 2 2、He He to school by bus. to school by bus. 否：否：He He to school by bus. to school b

23、y bus. gogodondont got gogoesgoesdoesndoesnt got go精選課件31變否定句變否定句I study English every day.I dont study English every morning.精選課件32變否定句變否定句She speaks Chinese well.She doesnt speak Chinese well.精選課件33一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（疑問句）（疑問句） 句中有句中有bebe動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，bebe動詞或情態(tài)動詞動詞或情態(tài)動詞cancan提前，首字母變提前，首字母變?yōu)闉榇髮懘髮?；some s

24、ome 變變anyany例如例如精選課件34一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（一般疑問句）（一般疑問句） He He is is a student. You a student. You areare a boy. a boy. Is Is he a student he a student？ Are Are youyou a boya boy？ I I cancan swim. They swim. They areare teachers. teachers. Can Can you swim you swim？ Are Are they teacherthey teacher？精選課件35 Ben

25、 is my friend. Is Ben your friend？變一般疑問句變一般疑問句精選課件36一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（疑問句）（疑問句） 句中沒有句中沒有bebe動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，主語為主語為非非第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問句第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問句在句首加在句首加dodo，句子中動詞用，句子中動詞用原形原形。主。主語為語為第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問句在句，一般疑問句在句首加首加doesdoes，句子中原有動詞用，句子中原有動詞用原形原形；SomeSome變變any.any.例如例如精選課件37一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時（一般疑問句）（一般疑問句） 1 1、I to sc

26、hool by bus. I to school by bus. 疑問句：疑問句： you to school by bus. you to school by bus. 2 2、He He to school by bus. to school by bus. 疑問句：疑問句： he he to school by bus. to school by bus. DoesDoesgogogoesgoesgogogogoDoDo精選課件38We go to school every day. Do you go to school every day?變一般疑問句變一般疑問句精選課件39Nanc

27、y likes playing computer games. Does Nancy like playing computer games?變一般疑問句變一般疑問句精選課件40Ben wants some bread. Does Ben want any bread？變一般疑問句變一般疑問句精選課件41特殊疑問句 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)：where 人人：who 物物：what 年齡年齡：how old價錢價錢：how much 數(shù)量數(shù)量：how many精選課件42特殊疑問句有有bebe動詞或情態(tài)動詞動詞或情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成：疑問詞疑問詞+be+be動動詞或情態(tài)動詞詞或情態(tài)動詞+ +主語主語+ +其它其

28、它例如例如精選課件43特殊疑問句She can play piano.What can she play？He is ten. How old is he？He is at home. Where is he ？Its 3 dollars. How much is it?精選課件44特殊疑問句沒有沒有bebe動詞或情態(tài)動動詞或情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成：詞構(gòu)成：疑問詞疑問詞+do+do（doesdoes）+ +主語主語+ +動詞動詞原形原形+ +其它其它例如例如精選課件45 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：疑問詞疑問詞+一般疑問句？一般疑問句？I like playing football.Jim eats som

29、e bread every morning.Lingling has lunch at home.What do you like?What does Jim eat every morning?Where does Linging have lunch？Do you like playing football?Does Jim eat any bread every morning?Does Lingling have lunch at home? 謂語動詞是實(shí)義動詞時謂語動詞是實(shí)義動詞時, 其一般其一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞形式有兩種現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞形式有兩種第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)或或原形原形

30、。其否定句和。其否定句和疑問句要疑問句要借助借助于于does或或do來幫助構(gòu)成。來幫助構(gòu)成。6. 實(shí)義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時用法小結(jié)實(shí)義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時用法小結(jié)精選課件47精選課件48用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 n1. He usually _ (have) lunch at home.n2. David and Tom usually _ (play) football after school.n3. We usually _ (make) model ships.n4. Nick usually _ (watch) TV on Monday.hasplaymakewa

31、tches精選課件49n5. What _they usually _ (do) on Saturdays? They usually _ (fly) kites.n6. _ your uncle_ (water) the flowers every day?n7. _ your parents_ (read) newspapers every day?n8. The girl usually _ (teach) us English on Sundays.dodoflyDoeswaterDoreadteaches精選課件50n9. What _you usually _ (do) after

32、 school? I usually _ (grow) flowers.n10. What _your mother usually _ (do) on Sundays? She usually _ (do) housework at home .n11. _ Mike _(have) any hobbies? Yes, he _ . He _ (like) _ (cook).n12. They_ (have) the same hobby.dodogrowdoesdodoesDoeshavelikeshavecookingdoes精選課件51n13. My aunt _ (like) _ (

33、read) newspapers every evening .n14. What _Mike usually _ (do) on Sundays? He usually _ (help) Jane with her Maths .n15. What _Helen usually _ (do) on Sundays? She usually _ (clean) the desk .cleansdodoeshelpsdodoesreadinglikes精選課件52n16. She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.n17. Liu Tao _ (do)

34、 not like PE. He cant _(run ) fast.n18. The children usually _ (watch) TV in the evening.goesdoesrunwatch精選課件53n19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight subjects this term.n20. What _ she usually _ (do) in the evening? She usually _ (study) English.studiesdoesdohave精選課件54n21.The girl is _ . She dances

35、_ _ .(beautiful)n22. The student _ (use) a computer to _(write) music.n23. I_ ( like ) making clothes, but he_ (do not like ). He _ ( like ) playing football.beautifulbeautifullyuseswritelikedoes not likelikes精選課件55n24.We usuallyn_( dance )and_( play )basketball after class.n25. Mikes_ ( hobby ) is _ draw ) pictures. drawinghobbyplaydance精選課件56二、改寫句子1I want to play table tennis with Gao Shan.n He _ to 2. I surf the Internet on Saturday evening.nMy father the 3. They study English , Maths Science ,and Art.nTom English