動詞不定式主動形式表示被動意義

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載動詞不定式主動形式表示被動意義1、 look， feel ,smell, sound, taste等系動詞在句中做謂語This coat feels very soft and smooth.Her voice sounds very pleasant.The dishes taste delicious.2. 有些動詞做不及物動詞，用來表示主語的內(nèi)在品性或性質(zhì)。如： wash, clean, cook, iron, cut , sell, read, wear, feel , draw, write , sell 等The book sells well.This knif

2、e cuts easily.My new pen writes well.3. 在 need , require, want , worth (adj )后的動名詞可以主動表被動The door needs repairing.This book is worth reading.Her mother is ill .She needs looking after.4. 在疑問詞 what/which/whom+ 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動表被動5. 在某些固定句型中 , 動詞不定式作定語 , 用主動形式表被動意義。1） have （ give, show） sth. to do在這種句型中的不定式與

3、前邊的名詞有動賓關(guān)系,又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系。例如 : I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do與 things是動賓關(guān)系 ,與 I 是主謂關(guān)系。否則,在表示被動意義時,仍需要被動式。試比較:Have you anything to do this afternoon?今天下午你有事要做嗎?（ to do是由 you 發(fā)出的）Have you anything to be taken to your parents?你有要帶給你父母的東西嗎? （誰帶不得而知）再如 :Please get me something to r

4、ead.He'll show you the right path to take.There is much work to do.Have you any questions to ask?Would you like something to drink?請給我弄點讀的材料。他會給你指出要走的正確的路。2） It （ This, That） bea an adj. n. to do在這種句型中 , 不定式與前面的名詞有動賓關(guān)系。動詞不定式可改為動詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例如 : This is a difficult question to answer.question與 to an

5、swer為動賓關(guān)系。 to answer這是個難答的問題?？筛臑?for me to answer。學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載再如 :It is an easy sentence to translate.這個句子很容易翻譯。difficult , hard 等形容詞作表語時，其后做狀語的不定式用主動形式表被動。 The problem is easy to work out.The text is difficult to understand.The man is hard to please.3） There be n. to do在此句型中 , 用來修飾主語的不定式, 可用主動式 , 也可用被

6、動式 ,只是側(cè)重點不同。 用主動式作定語 , 重點在人 ,用被動式作定語 ,重點在物。例如 :沒有時間可以耽誤?？勺g成:There is no time to lose（to be lost） . 用 to lose可看成 for us to lose;用 to belost, 誰 lost time不明確。但下述兩句用主動不定式與被動不定式意義不同:a. There is nothing to do now.（ We have nothing to do now.）現(xiàn)在沒事干。b. There is nothing to be done.（ We can do nothing now.）現(xiàn)在

7、沒辦法了。a. There is nothing to see.（ nothing worth seeing）沒有東西值得看。b. There is nothing to be seen.（nothing there at all）看不見什么東西。6. 在某些“形容詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)中 , 不定式有被動意義 , 與句子主語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。其句型有 :1） n. be adj. to doThe question was very difficult to answer.這問題很難回答。The job is very easy to do.這工作很容易做。2） n. be too adj. to d

8、oThe thing is too small to see.這東西太小看不見。This book is too difficult to understand completely.The tree is too tall to climb.I was too excited to say a word.我激動得連一句話也說不出。3） n. be adj. enough to doThe box is light enough to carry.這盒子輕得可帶走。The book is cheap enough to buy.這本書很便宜可以買。但下列兩句可用不定式的主動式, 也可用被動式

9、:This plant is fit to eat to be eaten.這種植物可以食用。The cake is ready to eat to be eaten.這塊餅可以吃了。7. 某些動詞 , 如 to let, to blame（責(zé)備） , to seek （尋找）用主動式表被動意義。The house is to let.這房子要出租。Who is to blame for it?這得怪誰 ?The reason is not far to seek.這理由不難找到。8. remain 表示 “留待以后 ”一般都用 sth. remain to be seen/done的結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)

10、好資料歡迎下載練習(xí) :選擇填空。1. The chair looks rather hard, butin fact itis very comfortable to _.a. sit b. sit on c. be sat d. be sat on2. I'm hungry. Get me something _. a. eat b. to eat c. to be eat d. for eating3. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese. a. write b. to write c. to be written d. written4. I have no more letters _, thank you. a. to type b. typingc. to be typed d. typed5. The car is rather difficult _.a. to repair b. to be repairedc. repairing d. being repaired 6. He was nowhere _.a. to see b. to be seen c. seeing d. seen7. She had no money _ a birt