人教版新目標(biāo)初二上Unit1同步語法專題“不定代詞”答案不全

1、 輔導(dǎo)科目英語就讀年級(jí)初二 教師姓名課 題專題：不定代詞授課時(shí)間備課時(shí)間教學(xué)目標(biāo)了解不定代詞做的句子成分；掌握不定代詞(如some, any, few等)的用法；掌握復(fù)合不定代詞(如someone, anybody等)的用法；重、難點(diǎn)介詞by及動(dòng)名詞的用法教學(xué)內(nèi)容走進(jìn)“不定代詞”什么是不定代詞？不定代詞大部分可以代替名詞和形容詞，在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。不定代詞能做什么成分？作主語Both of them are teachers他們兩人都是教師。作賓語I know nothing about this person我對(duì)這個(gè)人一無所知。作表語This book is too mu

2、ch difficult for a child這本書對(duì)一個(gè)小孩來說太難了。作定語There is a little water in the glass玻璃杯里有一些水。作狀語I cant find my book anywhere. 我在任何地方都不能找到我的書。some 【some用法歸納】 some通常用于肯定句，表示“幾個(gè)，一些”，既可以修飾可數(shù)C，也可修飾不可數(shù)U.既可指人，也可指物。例:some books some water Some like sports, others like music. some也可以用于疑問句中表示征求別人意見，而希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答。例：Wo

3、uld you like some coffee? Could you give me some more apples? some有時(shí)可修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示“某個(gè)”。例：This morning, some boy asked for you. There must be some reason for what hes done. any any通常用于否定句、疑問句或條件句，修飾單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞以及不可數(shù)名詞。例：If there are any new magazines in the library, take some for me.圖書館如果來了新雜志，替我借幾本。Are t

4、here any stamps in the drawer? 抽屜里有郵票嗎？Is there any money with you? 你身上帶錢了嗎？ any還可以用于肯定句，作“任何的”解。例：You can come here any time. 你什么時(shí)候來都行。You can get it at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店買到它。(a)few; (a)little 用法 表示肯定 表示否定 修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞a few (雖然不多，但有幾個(gè)） few (幾乎沒有） 修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞a little (雖然不多，但有一點(diǎn)） little (幾乎沒有） few的意思

5、是“沒有幾個(gè)”； a few的意思是“少數(shù)”， “幾個(gè)”； 修飾可數(shù)名詞； a few表示肯定意義， few表示否定意義。例：The problem is so difficult that few people can solve it. 這個(gè)問題太難了，幾乎沒人能做出來。Only a few people can solve this problem. 只有幾個(gè)人能解決這個(gè)問題。Few of them want to go. 他們中幾乎沒有人想去。A few of them want to go. 他們中有幾個(gè)人想去。 little“沒有多少”，a little“少量”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；a

6、 little表示肯定意義，little表示否定意義。例：There is little rainfall this spring. 今年春季雨水很少。Although it did not rain for the whole month, there is a little water in the pond.雖然整整一個(gè)月沒下雨了，但池塘里還有一點(diǎn)水。either, both, all either表示“兩者中的任何一個(gè)”。例：Either of the brothers is selfish. 兩兄弟都非常自私。Either will do. 兩個(gè)都行。 both“兩個(gè)都”，修飾可數(shù)名

7、詞，統(tǒng)指兩者。例：Tom and Jack both made some progress. 湯姆和杰克兩個(gè)都有所進(jìn)步。Both of them should make concessions. 他們雙方都應(yīng)做出讓步。 all“全部，所有的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，指兩個(gè)以上的人或物。例：All the students contributed to the fund. 所有的學(xué)生都為基金會(huì)捐了款。All of the money has been spent. 錢都花完了。We are all for you. 我們都支持你。Say all you know and say it wit

8、hout reserve. 知無不言，言無不盡。no, neither, none no“不”，可修飾單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞以及不可數(shù)名詞。例：Time and tide wait for no man. 時(shí)不我待。There are no clouds in the sky. 天上沒有云。I have no money for such things. 我沒錢買這些東西。 neither“兩者中哪個(gè)都不”，其所指范圍是兩個(gè)人或物。例：Neither answer is correct. 兩個(gè)答案都不對(duì)。Neither of the two countries is satisfied with

9、the result of the talk.兩個(gè)國家都不滿意會(huì)談的結(jié)果。 none“沒有一個(gè)人或東西”，它既可指可數(shù)名詞（其所指范圍是兩個(gè)以上的人或物），又可指不可數(shù)名詞。例：All of the trees were cut down, and none was were left. 所有的樹都被砍了，一棵也不剩。None of the students failed the examination. 沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。None of this money is his. 這筆錢沒有一點(diǎn)兒是他的。another，other，the other，others，the others an

10、other指同類中多個(gè)東西中的“另一個(gè)” （即one more）。例：This watch doesnt work, I must get another one. 這塊表壞了，我該另買一塊了。He went back to work too soon，and was laid up for another three months.他回去上班過早，結(jié)果又病倒三個(gè)月。注意： other與物主限定詞連用也可指余下的另一個(gè)或全部。如：Use your other hand. 用你的另一只手。Mary is older than me but my other sisters are younger

11、. 瑪麗比我大，其余的都是我妹妹。 other單獨(dú)使用時(shí)指其他的、另外的人或物。例：There must be some other reason for him refusing to help. 他不予幫助一定另有原因。I saw Tom with some other fellow students. 我看見湯姆和其他一些同學(xué)在一起。 the other one/ones.指同類中余下的另一個(gè)或另一些。例：Ill have to use our duplicate key. I lost the other one.我不得不用我們的備用鑰匙了，我把那一把丟了。Where are the

12、other students? 其他學(xué)生去哪兒了？One of the murderers was caught, but the other is still at large.一個(gè)兇手被抓住了，另一個(gè)卻依然逍遙法外。 others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，指其他的、另外的人或物。例：We should not think only of our children, there are others to be cared for also.我們不應(yīng)該只想到自己的孩子，還有別的孩子也需要照顧。Others may object to this plan. 別人可能會(huì)反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 the ot

13、hers表示同類中余下的全部。例：The search party was divided into two groups. Some went to the right, the others went to the left. 搜尋小組一分為二，一部分人向右，另一部分向左。Jenny is cleverer than any of the others in her class.珍妮比班上的其他（任何）人都聰明。附表：單數(shù)單數(shù)3每一個(gè)every單數(shù)單數(shù)2每一個(gè)each單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)3三者或三者以上都不none單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)3三者或三者以上都all單數(shù)單數(shù)=2兩者都不neither單數(shù)單數(shù)

14、=2兩者中的任何一個(gè)either復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)=2兩者都both作主語時(shí)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)作定語時(shí)名詞的數(shù)數(shù)量關(guān)系含義不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞什么是復(fù)合不定代詞？復(fù)合不定代詞是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing所組成的不定代詞。復(fù)合不定代詞包括哪些？someone（某人） somebody（某人） something（某事物） somewhere（某地）anyone（任何人） anybody（任何人） anything（任何事物） anywhere（任何地方）no one（沒人） nobody(沒人) nothing（沒事物） nowhere（沒有地方）everyo

15、ne（每個(gè)人）everybody(每個(gè)人) everything(一切事物) everywhere（一切地方），這些復(fù)合代詞具有名詞性質(zhì)，在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語。注意：復(fù)合不定代詞若作主語，其謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù). 例：I am new here, so nobody knows me. (我是新來的，因此沒人認(rèn)識(shí)我。） Somebody is waiting for you at the gate. (有人在門口等你。)形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)，該形容詞必須后置。Something strange happened in our neighborhood. (我們小區(qū)發(fā)生了一些奇怪的事情。）

16、Theres nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. (世上無難事，只怕有心人)Is there anybody important here? 這兒有大人物嗎？Would you like something to eat? 要來些吃的東西嗎？ 含some-和any-的復(fù)合不定代詞間的用法區(qū)別由some-和any-所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之間的區(qū)別跟some和any的區(qū)別一樣。something，someon

17、e，somebody通常用于肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑問句或條件狀語從句中。如：He found something strange but interesting.他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些奇怪但卻有趣的事情。Doyouhaveanythingtosay？你有話要說嗎？I cant meetanybodyontheisland. 在島上，我沒遇見任何人。在表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、提建議等帶有委婉語氣的疑問句，和希望得到對(duì)方肯定答復(fù)的疑問句，以及表示反問的問句中，也用something，someone，somebody等復(fù)合不定代詞。如: Wouldyoulikes

18、omethingtoeat？要些吃的東西嗎？Isnt there something wrong with you? 難道你沒問題嗎？當(dāng)anything表示“任何事（物），無論何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示“無論誰，任何人”等意義時(shí)，它們也可以用于肯定句中。如：Anything is OK. 什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。 復(fù)合不定代詞的否定“not every-”表示的是部分否定，意為“并非都，不都”。例：Not everything will go well. 并非一切都會(huì)那么順利。The teacher didnt call

19、 everyones name. 老師并沒有點(diǎn)所有人的名。 “not any-”和no-均表示全否定。例：He listened, but heard nothing.他聽了聽，但什么也沒聽到。= He listened, but didnt hear anything.You havent called anyone/anybody up, have you? 你沒給誰打過電話，是嗎？= You have called no one/nobody up, have you?夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ) 穩(wěn)步提高.單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1Today, _ trees are still being cut down s

20、omewhere in the world. Amuch too Btoo much Cmany too Dtoo many( )2There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is easy to understand. Aboth Ball Cevery Deach( )3Is the shirt on the bed _ ? Ayours Byour Cyou( )4Mr. Green taught _ English last year. Aour Bwe Cus( )5These sweaters are too small

21、for me. Please show me _ one. Aother Bothers Cthe others Danother( )6Mary cant go with us. _ has to look after _ mother at home. AShe; his BShe; her CHe; her DHe; His( )7There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me? Aany; some Bany; any Csome; some Dsome; any( )8I often help _ . Ahe o

22、r she Bhis and her Chim and her Dhis and hers( )9There are some trees on _ side of the street. Aboth Ball Ceither Devery( )10-“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”-“I like _ , because theyre not useful.” Aboth Beither Call Dneither( )11They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop

23、 to take a rest. Aany Bsome Cnone Dneither( )12There were _ people and- noise in the park last Sunday. Amany; much Bmuch; much Cmuch; many Dmany; many( )13_ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in the dictionary. AEach; every BEvery; each CEach; each DEvery; every( )14Please

24、keep together. We want _ of you to get lost. Anone Bsome Cmany Dany( )15There is _ water here; but there are quite _ empty glasses. Alittle; a few Bfew; little Cfew; a few Dlittle; a little1Dtoo much只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞，too many只修飾可數(shù)名詞；A項(xiàng)只修飾形容詞或副詞；C項(xiàng)本身就是錯(cuò)誤的。2Devery和each都作“每一個(gè)”講，但every只能作定語；each既可作定語，還可作主語、賓語、同位語等成分。both和all作主語（代替可數(shù)名詞），謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。3A 4C代