氣候變化英語文章(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 Weather surrounds us all the time. We need to choose which clothes I need to wear depend on the weather. Earths mild climate even ensures that we can grow food and enjoy a happy life. In a word, weather influences our life deeply. Climate change means a big change in the worlds climate

2、 and describes the process by which the overcall climate moves from one average to a new average. The climate has changed a lot. 20,000 years ago was the last Ice Age. Nowadays, the climate of earth is changing because of us. The effects of climate change also are happening to the worlds rain. A lot

3、 of areas often happened long droughts, big floods, strong winds and storms. Many people were killed and lost their family. The extreme weather is happening more often than before because of climate change. For example, the average temperature has risen 1.2 degrees in January from 2010 to 2013 and t

4、he highest temperature even get to 45.7 degrees in Adelaide.Climate data for Adelaide (Kent Town, 19772013)MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYearRecord high °C (°F)45.7(114.3)44.3(111.7)41.9(107.4)36.9(98.4)29.2(84.6)25.4(77.7)23.1(73.6)30.4(86.7)34.3(93.7)39.0(102.2)43.0(109.4)42.5

5、(108.5)45.7(114.3)Average high °C (°F)29.3(84.7)29.4(84.9)26.4(79.5)22.7(72.9)18.9(66)16.1(61)15.3(59.5)16.6(61.9)19.0(66.2)21.8(71.2)25.2(77.4)27.0(80.6)22.3(72.1)Average low °C (°F)17.1(62.8)17.2(63)15.3(59.5)12.4(54.3)10.2(50.4)8.1(46.6)7.5(45.5)8.2(46.8)9.7(49.5)11.5(52.7)14.

6、1(57.4)15.6(60.1)12.2(54)Record low °C (°F)9.2(48.6)9.5(49.1)7.2(45)4.3(39.7)1.5(34.7)0.4(31.3)0.4(32.7)1.6(34.9)2.6(36.7)4.7(40.5)5.3(41.5)8.0(46.4)0.4(31.3)Rainfall mm (inches)19.0(0.748)13.5(0.531)27.2(1.071)39.6(1.559)59.9(2.358)79.3(3.122)75.9(2.988)69.2(2.724)58.7(2.311)42.8(1.685)30

7、.2(1.189)28.6(1.126)544.9(21.453)Avg. rainy days ( 0.2 mm)4.43.65.88.012.114.916.316.613.410.28.27.0120.5Mean monthly 325.5285.3266.6219.0167.4138.0148.8186.0204.0257.3273.0294.52,765.4Source: Bureau of Meteorology Climate data for Adelaide Airport (1981-2010)MonthJanFebMarAprMay

8、JunJulAugSepOctNovDecYearRecord high °C (°F)44.0(111.2)43.6(110.5)40.8(105.4)36.9(98.4)28.6(83.5)26.1(79)22.3(72.1)29.9(85.8)33.4(92.1)38.0(100.4)43.1(109.6)42.4(108.3)44.0(111.2)Average high °C (°F)28.1(82.6)28.4(83.1)25.6(78.1)22.2(72)18.7(65.7)15.8(60.4)14.9(58.8)16.0(60.8)18.

9、3(64.9)21.1(70)24.2(75.6)25.9(78.6)21.6(70.9)Average low °C (°F)16.3(61.3)16.4(61.5)14.6(58.3)11.8(53.2)9.8(49.6)7.8(46)7.1(44.8)7.7(45.9)9.1(48.4)10.8(51.4)13.3(55.9)14.9(58.8)11.6(52.9)Record low °C (°F)8.9(48)9.0(48.2)5.6(42.1)3.2(37.8)1.2(34.2)2.6(27.3)1.0(30.2)0.2(31.6)1.7(3

10、5.1)3.1(37.6)4.7(40.5)7.3(45.1)2.6(27.3)Rainfall mm (inches)16.9(0.665)13.1(0.516)23.2(0.913)31.1(1.224)48.3(1.902)60.9(2.398)58.3(2.295)52.7(2.075)47.3(1.862)36.5(1.437)23.6(0.929)25.5(1.004)437.4(17.22)Avg. rainy days2.82.13.45.28.110.710.611.18.16.14.13.776.0Mean monthly 325.5280269.721

11、9173.6141155192.2213260.4279288.32,796.7 In recent years, scientists have noticed that earths average temperature has been rising. The phenomenon is referred to as global warming. Global warming is created by complex changes in the atmosphere, which are caused by increases in greenhouse gases. Green

12、house gases are special gases in the atmosphere, which have kept the earths temperature constant for the past 5000 years. The common greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide occurs naturally in the atmosphere, but humans also generate them. When we burn fossil fuels such as coal, gas and

13、petroleum. More fuel is burned , the more carbon dioxide is produced and discharged it in the atmosphere. More and more greenhouse gases become part of the atmosphere, more heat is trapped and the earths overall temperature rises. Climate change is a global problem. All the world governments need to

14、 work together to find answers to the problem. In 1992,a lot of countries agreed to work together in order to solve those problems. They made a group, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Their task is making a plan for against climate change. In 1997,the UNFCCC made its plan. The

15、 plan was “each country has a limit to its greenhouse gases and they shouldnt put more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere than its limit”. In that case, some counties have to use environmentally friendly/sustainable/renewable energy instead of burning oil or fuel.Scientists have been developing wa

16、ys of generating electricity that produce less carbon dioxide. However, some of these have disadvantages and limitations.Wind power creates no greenhouse gases or air pollutionModern turbines dont have noise pollution. Wind energy is renewable energy The cost of wind energy is expensive Wind energy

17、has a lot of limited factors for example if the wind is not blowing, wind turbine cant workNuclear power can produce huge amounts of electricity.Running a nuclear power plant is relatively cheap.Nuclear power does not produce greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, the risks of nuclear power are too

18、 great. For example, the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in Japan was destroyed because of an earthquake. High levels of nuclear radiation spread throughout the area. The Chernobyl accident in Russia resulted in everyone abandoning this area until recently.The cost of building a nuclear power plant is

19、 very expensive and they have to be replaced every 60 years. Uranium cannot be found everywhere and it is a limited resource. Australia has the largest deposits of uranium in the world.Every country has their own ideas and plans, so they may not be able to collaborate successfully. The Kyoto Protoco

20、l did not start until2005 because the United States, one of the biggest producers of carbon dioxide, has not yet agreed to the protocol. The United States is afraid of losing huge amounts of money and even happen economic recession, if they reduce discharge carbon dioxide. Another problem is that th

21、e developed countries should provide new technology and funding to developing countries to help them reduce carbon dioxide emissions. However, some developed countries do not want to help. On the contrary, developed countries limit the use of energy for developing countries. This is not fair for som

22、e developing countries who want to create a better life for their people which means using more energy. During the summer holiday, I read a book about climate change: Climate Change by Barnaby Newbolt. It was easy to read and it helped me to understand the problems associated with climate change. Th

23、e concept of climate change and social tensions I researched from this book. Although the information is not very detailed, it is valid and objective. I have also borrowed two other books: Climate Change by Angela Crocombe and World at Risk: Climate Change by Andrew Solway. I found some reliable inf

24、ormation and many visuals. Although I summarized that information, the number of words is still over 600 words. I think climate change is a complex concept that includes a lot of areas such as environment, atmosphere, chemistry and politics. Too many words will lead to my oral presentation becoming

25、boring. In that case, I will find some visuals on the Internet and in the book. These visuals include line graphs and statistical graphs. I think they can describe the topic clearly and they are easy to understand.1 PlanIntroduce the weatherWeather is very important for everyoneThe weather is changi

26、ng and temperature of the world is risingClimate will bring a lot of serious problems for everyone2. the cause(s)What is greenhouse effect and greenhouse gasesThe cause of global warming-to much carbon dioxideThe evidence of carbon dioxide is rising3 the potential solutionsome counties have to used

27、environmentally friendly/sustainable/renewable energy instead of burning oil or fuel. each country has a limit to its greenhouse gases4 evaluation of the potential solutions and discussion of the social tensions involved in the issuethe disadvantage of all kinds of environmentally friendly/sustainab

28、le/renewable energyevery countries need to use huge amount of energy for developing such as American and China5. explain how you located, recorded and evaluated ideas, information and/or opinions from the texts usedIt is a expository writing about climate change. The language of the oral presentatio

29、n should be accurate and logic.I find pictures on the internet. These picture are line graph and statistical graph. I think they can describe the topic clearly and easy to understand.My tutor and I discussed this topic very carefully so that I could understand what was happening around the world. We

30、 also had a quick look at Al Gores An Inconvenient Truth and I was particularly interested about the rising sea levels and how 20 million people in Shanghai would be displaced as a result. The second draft:Weather influences our lives deeply. Earths climate ensures that we can grow food and survive.

31、 Climate change means an obvious change in the worlds climate patterns. It describes the process by which the overall climate moves from one average temperature to a new average temperature in a short time. The climate has changed many times over the last 20,000 years because of the earths orbit. No

32、wadays, the climate of the earth is changing to warmer levels because of us. Climate change has also impacted on the amount of rain around the world. Many areas have experienced long droughts, terrible floods, bushfires and storms. Many people have been killed and lost family members. Extreme weathe

33、r is happening more often than before because of climate change. For example, the average temperature has risen 1.2 degrees in January from 2010 to 2013 and the highest temperature during this time was 45.7 degrees in Adelaide just recently. In recent years, scientists have noticed that the earths a

34、verage temperature has been rising. The phenomenon is referred to as global warming. Global warming is created by complex changes in the atmosphere, which are caused by increases in greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are special gases in the atmosphere, which have kept the earths temperature constan

35、t for the past 5000 years. The most destructive greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide occurs naturally in the atmosphere, but humans also generate it. When we burn coal, gas and petroleum we create carbon dioxide. The more fuel is burned , the more carbon dioxide is produced and discharge

36、d into the atmosphere. More greenhouse gases become part of the atmosphere, more heat is trapped and the earths overall temperature rises. Climate change is a global problem. All the world governments need to work together to find answers to the problem. In 1992 a lot of countries agreed to work tog

37、ether in order to solve these problems. They formed a group called the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Their task is to produce a plan for solving and managing climate change. In 1997 the UNFCCC made its plan. The plan was “each country has a limit to its greenhouse gases and the

38、y shouldnt put more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere than its limit”. Some countries have to use environmentally friendly, sustainable and renewable energy instead of burning oil or fuel. Scientists have been developing ways of generating electricity that produces less carbon dioxide, for exampl

39、e wind power. Wind power creates no greenhouse gases or air pollution. Modern turbines are as quiet as urban areas. Wind energy is renewable energy. Wind energy has a lot of limiting factors and one of them is that the cost of wind energy is expensive. Another problem is if there is no wind blowing, wind turbines cannot generate electricity. Every country has their own idea about solving climate change, so they may be not able to collaborate successfully. The implementation of the Kyoto Protocol did not start until 2005 because th