語(yǔ)法講解-時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的用法解析及練習(xí)

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載語(yǔ)法講解時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的用法解析及練習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，其位置較靈活，可以在主句之前、之后或中間(放在句首時(shí)狀語(yǔ)從句后面常用逗號(hào)， 放在句末時(shí)狀語(yǔ)從句前面往往不用逗號(hào) )。根據(jù)狀語(yǔ)從句的含義，狀語(yǔ)從句主要分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、 原因狀語(yǔ)從句、 目的狀語(yǔ)從句、 方式狀語(yǔ)從句、 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句等八種。 掌握以上各種狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵在于把握其相應(yīng)的引導(dǎo)詞。 以下是對(duì)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的基本用法進(jìn)行小結(jié)， 希望可以幫助到同學(xué)們有一更深的理解。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞when, before, after, as, while, till/until, s

2、ince，whenever時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的用法時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞所表示的意思不盡相同， 要注意把握不同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞所表示的不同時(shí)間關(guān)系，以及它在具體句子中對(duì)應(yīng)的對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等問題。1. when 、 as 、while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句分析：(1) when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 ”， when 既可以指時(shí)間段也可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。注意體會(huì)如下例句： I ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就給你打電話。/ Whenthe wind blo

3、ws, all the doors rattle.只要風(fēng)一吹，這門就吱嘎作響。/ He stopped trying,when he might have succeeded next time.他不再試了， 其實(shí)他可能下一次就成功。 / WhenI came home my wife was cooking dinner.我回家時(shí)，妻子在做晚飯。如果 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同，而從句的謂語(yǔ)又是 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)，那么從句中的主語(yǔ)和 be 可以省略 ;當(dāng) when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，往往還可以用 “when+分詞 ”的形式替代該狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：When

4、 (you are) in trouble, askher for help. 當(dāng)你遭遇麻煩的時(shí)候去向她求助。/ When I cameinto the room(=Whencoming into the room), I found him lying there asleep.當(dāng)我進(jìn)入房間的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在那兒睡著了。(2) while 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示 “當(dāng) 的時(shí)候 ”，它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)持續(xù)地進(jìn)行， 用于這一用法時(shí) while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或者主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過程中，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，例如：

5、Study while you study; play while you play.該學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候就學(xué)習(xí)，該玩的時(shí)候就玩。/ I met her while I was at school.當(dāng)我在學(xué)校的時(shí)候我遇見了她。(3) as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示“當(dāng)時(shí)，一邊一邊 ”，側(cè)重表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生 (包括一個(gè)主語(yǔ)同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩個(gè)動(dòng)作)，或者一種動(dòng)作隨著另一種動(dòng)作的變化而變化。例如：He jumps as he goes along.他邊走邊跳。/ I slipped on the ice as I ran home.我跑回家時(shí)在冰上滑了一跤。/ I saw him as he was getti

6、ng off the bus.正當(dāng)他下公共汽車時(shí), 我看見了他。 / As the wind rose the noise increased.刮風(fēng)的時(shí)候噪聲增大。學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載考題 1 I had just steeped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_ I heard the steps.A. while B. when C. since D. after答案B解析 下劃線處表示“正在這時(shí)， 突然 ”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有when可以表示此含義。考題 2 He was about halfway t

7、hrough his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A. why B. where C. when D. while答案C解析 下劃線處表示“正在這時(shí)， 突然 ”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有when可以表示此含義?？碱} 3 We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A. when B. while C. until D. before答案A解析 題意為 “當(dāng)我們正在湖里游泳的時(shí)候突然暴風(fēng)雨開始了句的動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生時(shí)應(yīng)采用when(while不適合用于這樣的語(yǔ)境受限制條件最少?！保硎?/p>

8、主句的動(dòng)作處于從)，when 表示 “當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 ”考題 4 I m going to the post office. _ you re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If答案B解析 主句中 “getme some stamps”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句“youthere ”的過程之中，因此應(yīng)選 while 表示這一時(shí)間關(guān)系因此 B 選項(xiàng)是最佳選項(xiàng)。(屬于while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的兩大基本用法之一)。注意：如果主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于表示“;當(dāng) 時(shí) ”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過程中，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。

9、例如：The landlady suspected that someone must have broken into thehouse when/while/as she was watching TV show.女房東懷疑在她看電視時(shí)曾有人闖入屋里。 / When/While/As Tom was reading, Jim was arrested.在湯姆看書的時(shí)候，吉姆被逮捕了?？碱} 5 I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _.A. went; was occurring B. went;

10、 occurredC. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred答案C解析 根據(jù)題干句子含義，事故發(fā)生于當(dāng)我沿街行駛、尋找停車之處的時(shí)候;從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作的過程中。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞go 表示非延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，可以持續(xù)進(jìn)行，應(yīng)選用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)以一般過去時(shí)的形式表結(jié)果。2. before和 after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句分析：before 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前，after 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。例如：See me before you leave.

11、在你離開之前來見我。 / Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.在駕學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載駛公共汽車之前，他們必須通過專門測(cè)驗(yàn)。/ I saw them after I arrived.在我抵達(dá)之后，我見到了他們。 / I found his pen after he has left.在他走后，我找到了他的筆?？碱} 6 He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recoverand return

12、to work.A. when B. before C. since D. that答案B解析 表示 “他康復(fù)并返回工作崗位之前至少還需要三個(gè)月”，下劃線處應(yīng)選用before ?？碱} 7 It was some time _ we realized the truth.A. when B. until C. since D. before答案D解析 題干意為：過了一段時(shí)間我們才意識(shí)到真相。下劃線處應(yīng)填入表示“在之前”的連詞。3. till 和 until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句分析：till 和 until這兩個(gè)詞作連詞和介詞時(shí)的意義和用法相同，一般可以換用(放在句首時(shí)通常用 until 的形式，

13、 till 在口語(yǔ)中更為常見)。till 和 until 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)跟主句里肯定形式或否定形式的、 表示延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用表示“到為止 ”，跟主句里否定形式的、表示非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用表示“直到才 (開始 ) ”，例如： Walk till you come to awhite house.一直走到一座白房子為止。/ We didn t discuss the problem until he cameback.我們一直等到他回來后才討論問題。考題 8 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ we ve actu

14、ally had that lesson.A. until B. after C. since D. when答案A解析 題干的句子可以直譯為：“在我們一生中，學(xué)到某個(gè)教訓(xùn)是困難的，直到我們真正經(jīng)歷了這個(gè)教訓(xùn)為止?！笨碱}9 A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches theend of the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until答案D解析 講故事的人應(yīng)該始終抓住聽眾的好奇心，本題應(yīng)選用表示“到為止 ”(跟主句里肯定形式的表延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的謂語(yǔ)

15、動(dòng)詞連用)的 until表示這一時(shí)間關(guān)系?？碱} 10 I don t really work here; I _ until the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped outC. am just helping out D. will just help out答案C解析 “I don t really work here表明說”話人只是臨時(shí)前來幫忙，“until the new secretaryarrives 表”明說話人，工作到新秘書就任為止，本題應(yīng)選用表示 “到 為止 ”(跟主句里肯定形式的表延續(xù)性動(dòng)作

16、的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用 )的 until 表示這一時(shí)間關(guān)系。學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載4. since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句分析：since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表示“自從以來 ”，其用法主要有兩種：(1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主句+since 引導(dǎo)的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：He hasn t beenhome since he graduated.他畢業(yè)后沒回過家。/ They have been friends ever since theywere in grade school.他們從小學(xué)起就一直是好朋友。last saw you?自我上次和你見面以后，你在做什么?/ What have you bee

17、n doing since I(2) It be( 主句中謂語(yǔ)用一般式和用完成式區(qū)別不大，后者更具強(qiáng)調(diào)意味)+ 表示一段時(shí)間的詞匯+since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 例如：It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我成為研究生已經(jīng)有2 年了。 It was three years since we had been there.我們?cè)谀莾阂汛袅巳辍Ｗ⒁猓?since 做介詞時(shí)也表示“自從以來 ”，其具體用法有兩種情況：(1) since+ 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞匯(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn))。例如： Theyhave bee

18、nfriendssince childhood.他們從幼時(shí)起一直是好朋友。Shesbeen skiing since childhood.她從幼時(shí)起就開始滑雪。I have been there many times sincethe war.自那次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以來，我曾去該地多次。(2) since+ 表示一段時(shí)間的詞匯+ago 。例如： I have been here since five months ago.五個(gè)月以來我一直在這里。考題 11 They _ friends since they met in Shanghai.A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have