上海市上海中學(xué)東校高三月月考英語(yǔ)試題易錯(cuò)題分析 Word含答案

1、2016年上海中學(xué)東校高三12月月考卷語(yǔ)法填空For years and years people in USA (21) _(say)that the railways are dead. “We can do without railways.” People sayas if motorcars and planes have made the railways unnecessary. We all keep(22) _(hear) that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that theyre dying .But this i

2、s far from the truth: in these days of expensive oil, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you are intending(23) _(carry) people or goods from place to place, they are(24) _(cheap)than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight l

3、ine and (25)_ does a railway. What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. It doesnt leave you up(26)_ a plane does, miles and miles from the city center. It doesnt hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams, and a single train carry goods(27) _no plane or a

4、 motorcar could ever do.Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, less(28)_(trouble) journey. Where else(29) _you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the b

5、eginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, trains traveling(30) _150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorcars we cant use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we cant fly for the same reason.Have been saying heari

6、ng to carry cheaper so as which troubledcan at易錯(cuò)題分析：21. 從標(biāo)志詞For years and years可以判斷出句子的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；25.從句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷出為倒裝句表“。也是”，所以用so；26從語(yǔ)義判斷出句意為“正如飛機(jī)一樣”，所以用as;十一選十A. especially B. lean C. normally D. scanned E. age F. comparable G. striking H. shrunk I. decline J. impact K. progression Being overweight in

7、middle-age makes the brain (31)_by 10 years, research by the University of Cambridge has found.The study, which(32) _473 brains, found changes in the brain structure of overweight people which are(33)_ seen in those far older.The volume of white matter - the tissue that connects areas of the brain a

8、nd allows information to be communicated between regions - (34)_far more in those with a Body Mass Index above 25. Shrinkage of parts of the brain is associated with a higher risk of cognitive (35)_and dementia.The Cambridge Study found no differences in cognitive skills when participants underwent

9、IQ tests. But the men and women will be scanned as they get older, to check for changes which indicate mental decline.Human brains naturally shrink with age, but scientists are increasingly recognising that obesity - already linked to conditions such as diabetes, cancer and heart disease - may also

10、affect the onset and(36) _of brain ageing.In the study of people aged between 20 and 87, researchers looked at the(37) _of obesity on brain structure across the adult lifespan.Researchers divided the groups into two categories: (38)_and overweight, depending on whether their BMI was above or below 2

11、5. They found(39) _differences in the volume of white matter. Overweight individuals had a widespread reduction in white matter compared with lean people.The team then calculated how white matter volume related to age across the two groups. They discovered that an overweight person at 50 had a(40) _

12、white matter volume to a lean person aged 60.Researchers only observed these differences from middle-age onwards, suggesting that brains may be particularly vulnerable during this period of ageing.E D C H I K J B G F 易錯(cuò)題分析：32. 根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞brainsbrain structure詞性和句子意思可以判斷出是掃描大腦，所以用 scanned33. 根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞Shrinkage

13、 of parts的提示，可以判斷出來(lái)這空填shrunk；35. 此處易錯(cuò)主要是學(xué)生通常把decline看成動(dòng)詞，忽略它的名詞的性質(zhì)，所以容易錯(cuò)；40. 此處學(xué)生可能容易判斷錯(cuò)詞性，把它當(dāng)成缺乏副詞，所以容易寫錯(cuò)，根據(jù)句子意思，這里是“50多的人比起60多歲的人，白質(zhì)相當(dāng)多”可以判斷出來(lái)這空填comparable完型Language is hard. In fact, its infinitely harder and more complicated than math. And yet, nearly every small child can learn and master langu

14、age. Why is math so overwhelming for so many students? And how high is the price we pay from having so many math- (41) _ or even math-illiterate people in our society? Too high, especially as the ability to grasp data and pursue advanced work that involves math is becoming increasingly(42) _ for bot

15、h citizens and job applicants. But how many of us feel incapable, rather than poorly taught, when we are confronted with the rigors of math? How many children who struggled to grasp math concepts, who lacked the necessary tool kit, were led to feel stupid, even demeaned? Compare it to spoken or writ

16、ten language. When you make a mistake, a teacher corrects the part that is wrong. And then you(43) _. With math, if you dont have the correct result, it is typically treated as wrong. And, as mistake after mistake(44) _, too many students simply give up: I cant do math.But math is not about intellig

17、ence. Its a language that too many people never learn, often because the education process(45)_ the number of ways that a given person can arrive at a given solution.Thats not a failure of children to learn. Thats a failure of (46)_. Its a failure of the school. We should not blame the student. (The

18、se are children, after all.)Part of the challenge is to identify the gaps in knowledge, to (47)_ that the challenge is not that a student simply doesnt understand algebra or trigonometry or whatever. There may be a particular basic concept that stands(48)_of going forward in math, as well as other f

19、ields such as social science or engineering.Overcoming this block requires moving beyond broad industrialized education and to, (49)_ learning that allows students to find their own way in. Show me a thousand students and Ill show you a thousand (50)_ pathways that they might take to achieve math su

20、ccess.With new digital technologies and a massive amount of data collection and analytics, we have the ability to help students identify the essential concepts they dont understand. We have data on all the students that solved a particular math problem and those that failed to solve it. We also have

21、 data on the problems they were able to solve prior to that.So as a student recognizes that they are(51)_ with, say, negative number concepts, they can go back and master the materialto fill in the gaps that allows them to go forward. And when they hit another tough spot? They can jump to the proble

22、ms that allow them to master that concept. The hope is that as they progress, their interest and enthusiasm(52)_.We are pursuing this approach at the university level. We also are seeking to incorporate this approach at the high school, middle school and elementary levels. This will make it possible

23、 for a growing number of students to pursue degrees and careers that they never thought.In the years ahead, that mindset, borne out of the failure of math instruction, should(53)_. If we can succeed at breaking down the (54)_ that theres something wrong with a 3rd grader who cannot learn mathrather

24、than something wrong with the teaching processthen we can look forward to new generations of math-literate citizens. Whatever career they choose, they will be more confident and more capable to understand and contribute to an increasingly complex, (55)_ driven world.學(xué)語(yǔ)言真的很難。老實(shí)講，它比學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)要復(fù)雜得多，也困難得多。不過(guò)，幾

25、乎所有的小孩子都能夠?qū)W習(xí)并且熟練掌握一門語(yǔ)言。那到底為什么數(shù)學(xué)會(huì)成為許多學(xué)生難以逾越的鴻溝呢？因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)上這些“數(shù)學(xué)恐懼癥患者”，甚至是“數(shù)學(xué)盲”的存在，我們又得付出多大的代價(jià)呢？不用說(shuō)，這代價(jià)簡(jiǎn)直太大了，尤其是在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，獲取數(shù)據(jù)和從事高難度工作越來(lái)越成為普通人和求職者的必備能力。問(wèn)題一開(kāi)始出在數(shù)學(xué)的抽象教學(xué)上。這就讓我們錯(cuò)失大量數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)，而這些知識(shí)是我們本身就具有的。我們知道如何去解決未知的東西，那么這就是代數(shù)。我們也知道用三維空間去思考這就是幾何學(xué)和三角學(xué)。這門數(shù)學(xué)語(yǔ)言其實(shí)就是我們思維方式的解析式。然而碰到數(shù)學(xué)難題的時(shí)候，我們當(dāng)中有多少人只會(huì)覺(jué)得是自己無(wú)能，而不會(huì)歸因于教育問(wèn)題？又有多少孩

26、子絞盡腦汁地去記憶數(shù)學(xué)概念，卻因?yàn)槿鄙俦匾膶W(xué)習(xí)工具，而覺(jué)得自己愚蠢之極，甚至變得妄自菲??？相比起來(lái)書面語(yǔ)或者口語(yǔ)，如果你犯了錯(cuò)誤，老師就會(huì)對(duì)此進(jìn)行更正，然后你可以再繼續(xù)。而數(shù)學(xué)就不一樣了，數(shù)學(xué)是如果你得不到正確答案，老師就會(huì)認(rèn)定你做錯(cuò)了。隨著錯(cuò)誤不斷堆積，很多學(xué)生干脆破罐破摔，直接放棄了：我就是搞不懂?dāng)?shù)學(xué)。不過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)無(wú)關(guān)智力，而是一種許多人都未曾學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的語(yǔ)言。很多時(shí)候就是因?yàn)榻逃^(guò)程不注重因材施教的方法，才會(huì)讓數(shù)學(xué)變得那么“難”。這不是孩子學(xué)習(xí)的失敗，而是教育的失敗，學(xué)校的失敗。我們不該責(zé)怪學(xué)生。（畢竟他們只是孩子而已）我們遇到的挑戰(zhàn)一部分是認(rèn)清知識(shí)之間的缺口，以及明白這份挑戰(zhàn)不只是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生不

27、懂代數(shù)或者三角學(xué)。有時(shí)候我們可能會(huì)遇到某一個(gè)基本概念，它不止阻礙我們步入數(shù)學(xué)的大門，也會(huì)影響我們通往其他領(lǐng)域的步伐，比如社會(huì)科學(xué)或者工程學(xué)。要克服這一困難，我們就必須得摒棄產(chǎn)業(yè)化教育，因材施教，這樣有助于學(xué)生找到自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。給我1000個(gè)學(xué)生，我就能讓你看到拿下數(shù)學(xué)的1000種不同方法。有了新的數(shù)字科技、大量的數(shù)據(jù)收集和分析學(xué)，我們有能力幫學(xué)生記住一些他們?cè)静⒉焕斫獾幕靖拍?。我們收集的?shù)據(jù)包括：對(duì)于某個(gè)特定的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，能夠解決和不能解決的學(xué)生情況，以及在那之前他們能夠解決的問(wèn)題。因此，當(dāng)學(xué)生知道他們正在與，比如說(shuō)負(fù)數(shù)概念艱難地做斗爭(zhēng)，可以回過(guò)頭去，掌握一些必須的材料，將知識(shí)的缺口填補(bǔ)完

28、整，這樣就能繼續(xù)往前走。那以后又碰到難題該怎么辦？他們可以直接去解決一些特定問(wèn)題，從中快速掌握該概念。我們希望，學(xué)生在進(jìn)步的過(guò)程中，自己的興趣和熱情也能一起被提高。41. A. packed B. convinced C. controlled D. terrified42. A. strong B. huge C. important D. desirable43. A. proceed B. pause C. protest D. preview44. A. comes up B. covers up C. makes up D. builds up45. A. calculates B.

29、 missesC. estimates D. analyzes46. A. teaching B. communicating C. experimenting D. understanding47. A. interpret B. address C. clarify D. advocate48. A. in the process B. in the center C. in the stage D. in the way49. A. modernized B. revolutionized C. personalized D. commercialized50. A. different

30、 B. unique C. effective D. efficient51. A. going B. doing C. struggling D. concerning52. A. declines B. persists C. arouses D. increases53. A. inspired B. eliminated C. established D. challenged54. A. prediction B. assumption C. truth D. theory55. A. data B. power C. energy D. digit易錯(cuò)題分析：47.這題的難點(diǎn)主要在

31、于對(duì)四個(gè)詞的辨析：interpret 闡明，解釋；address對(duì)。致辭，演講；使清楚，說(shuō)明； advocate倡導(dǎo)，提倡這句話的意思是：我們遇到的挑戰(zhàn)一部分是認(rèn)清知識(shí)之間的缺口，以及明白這份挑戰(zhàn)不只是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生不懂代數(shù)或者三角學(xué)。所以答案為clarify53. 這句話的關(guān)鍵需要看懂句子意思：由于這種指導(dǎo)性的失敗應(yīng)該要減少（消除）所以答案為B. eliminated55. 這句話主要意思是只有我們?cè)絹?lái)越有自信，有能力理解和貢獻(xiàn)與這個(gè)越來(lái)越復(fù)雜的受_驅(qū)使的世界，跟數(shù)學(xué)相關(guān)的當(dāng)然是數(shù)據(jù)了，所以選data.閱讀理解B篇1.Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not on

32、ly are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins. People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about 2.where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Apart from the few

33、 people who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators（發(fā)電機(jī)）. Generators are fueled by something-usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal（地?zé)幔?plants as well, but by far we get electricity ma

34、inly by burning something.In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. Because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not true. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes“If I can't see it, it's not happening.” Gasoli

35、ne is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas（or another fuel）and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat-at the generator, through the transmission lines,

36、etc.A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far - so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal, or solar, then an electric car truly would be cle

37、an. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources. 3.In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all th

38、e roads. When it's a power plant, though，all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot. 59.Whats the main idea of the passages? AElectric cars arent actually clean. BElectric ca

39、rs are zero-emissions vehicles. CZero-emissions vehicles are popular. DGasoline-powered cars are more efficient.60.Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in Paragraph 2? ABe familiar with BBe curious about CFail to understand DShow their interest in61.In the authors opinion, co

40、mpared with cars using gas, electric cars are more _. Aenvironmentally-friendly BexpensiveCefficient Dharmful62.It can be inferred from the passage that _.Aelectric cars' batteries are poisonous for a long timeBnow electric cars are used more than their gasoline-powered cousinsCzero-emissions ve

41、hicles should be chosen to protect our environmentDelectric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning somethingACDD 六選四EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped

42、 sharply over the past 10 years. 對(duì)于研究的結(jié)果，研究者接下來(lái)是對(duì)他的解釋，重點(diǎn)是B答案中的face time/ screen time 可以推斷出是人們產(chǎn)生共鳴變少的原因，所以答案為B(67)_Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you're

43、showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. (68)_ There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being huma

44、n-and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. (69)_ "Academics are important. But if you don't have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won't be as successful in work or in