初三Unit知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解和練習(xí)

1、UNIT 6難點(diǎn)講解:1.詞形變化:1. invent v. 發(fā)明 n. invention 發(fā)明 inventor 發(fā)明者 V. + or = n. 這樣的動(dòng)詞有： act , collect , visit , operate , translate 2. accident n. 事故 adj. accidental 意外的，偶然的 3.smell v. 聞到pt. / pp. smelt 4. nation n. 國(guó)家，民族 adj. national 國(guó)家的5.translate v. 翻譯 n. translation 翻譯 translator 翻譯， 翻譯者 6.sudden a

2、dj. 突然的adv. suddenly 突然地 7.music n. 音樂(lè)adj. Musical活學(xué)活用:1. I go jogging for twenty minutes as my (day) exercise.2. The white building was once used as a home for the (rule) of the area.3. It is really my (please) to have a chance to work with you.4. Easter is not a (nation) holiday in China or Japan.

3、5. Jennys very (music) and loves to sing.2. such adj. 如此的， 這樣的， 用來(lái)修飾名詞。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為： such + a / an + adj. + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 =so + adj. + a / an + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 This is such a nice horse . 這是一匹如此好的馬。 = such + adj. + 復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 There are such good books in the library . such + adj. + 不可數(shù)名詞 She has made such great progress in th

4、e exam . 3. pleased adj. 高興的，滿意的 be pleased with 對(duì)高興 / 滿意 I am pleased with your answer . 我對(duì)你的回答很滿意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的，用來(lái)形容物的。Its a pleasant vacation . 這是一次令人愉快的假期。 pleasure n. 高興， 樂(lè)趣 ， 愉快 With pleasure 非常愿意， 用來(lái)慷慨應(yīng)允別人的請(qǐng)求的。 My pleasure . 不客氣，很樂(lè)意效勞 ，對(duì)別人表示感謝的一種禮貌回答 Thank you for your help . My pleasu

5、re . Will you come with me ? With pleasure .根據(jù)句意，用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。1. I had a _ time. 2. He will be _ to help you. 3. Reading gives me great _.4. It gives me _to see you looking happy.5. We spent a _ day in the country.4. be used for 用來(lái)做此短語(yǔ)中的for是介詞，表示用途，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。be used as 意為“被用作”，介

6、詞as表示“作為”，其后一般接名詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用的工具及手段。Eg: English is used as the second language in many countries. 英語(yǔ)在許多國(guó)家被當(dāng)作第二語(yǔ)言使用。be used by 意為“被使用”，介詞by后面接動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者（賓語(yǔ)）。Tractors are used by the farmers. 農(nóng)民使用拖拉機(jī)。1. 在中國(guó)英語(yǔ)作為外語(yǔ)來(lái)使用。_2.教師用粉筆。_3.毛衣是用來(lái)保暖的。_5.remain (v.) 保持；剩余；殘余remain意為“停留，留下”, 相當(dāng)于stay?！按粼谀抢铩笨梢哉f(shuō)remain / stay there

7、，但“呆在家里”只能說(shuō)stay (at) home。She remains in the house all these days. 她這些天一直呆在那棟房子里。6. invent v. 發(fā)明 ， 創(chuàng)造 ， 主要指發(fā)明一種世上原本不存在的東西，如點(diǎn)燈、收音機(jī) 、汽車等。 discover是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，是指發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)就有而一直沒(méi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)，如發(fā)現(xiàn)電、煤、石油等礦藏及新星、星系或科學(xué)真理等。Columbus discovered America in 1492.1492年哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了新大陸。find的意思是“尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果，并不指發(fā)現(xiàn)。create指有目的地把原料制成新產(chǎn)品，也指創(chuàng)造出原來(lái)不存

8、在的或與眾不同的事物。Man creates himself. 人類創(chuàng)造了自己。A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小說(shuō)家塑造人物并設(shè)計(jì)情節(jié)。 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境提示，用invent, discover，find或create的形式填空，完成句子。1.When _ the stream engine（蒸汽機(jī)） _? 2. I cant _ my bike, Im looking for it. 3. Scientists are now trying to _ if this is possible. 4. Do you know who_ the pla

9、ne？5. He _quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.9. advise v. 建議 advise sb. to do sth . 建議某人做某事I advise you not to miss the early bus . 我建議你不要錯(cuò)過(guò)早班車。 n. advice 不可數(shù)名詞 建議 give sb. some advice on 給某人提有關(guān)的建議 Unit 7: 【知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析】1. allow動(dòng)詞，“允許;準(zhǔn)許” 1) allow sb. sth，允許某人做某事。 2) allow sth允許做某事。 3) be s

10、th.被允許做某事。2. Im worried about their safety. 我擔(dān)心他們的安全。 be about 為.擔(dān)心，與 about 同義 Mothers are always worried about their children. =Mothers always their children. 媽媽們總是為她們的孩子擔(dān)心。 safety不可數(shù)名詞，意為“安全;安全性”，其反義詞是danger For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane. 為了你自身的安全，請(qǐng)不要在飛機(jī)上吸煙。3. part-time

11、形容詞，“兼職的”， 其反義詞是full-time，“全職的”， have part-time jobs 做兼職工作4. get their ears pierced “扎耳洞” “get sth.十過(guò)去分詞”：使某事被做，其中過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作往往是別人做的，與句子的主語(yǔ)無(wú)關(guān)。區(qū)別：被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) I got my car . 我讓人修理了我的車。 When are you going to get your hair ? 你打算什么時(shí)候去理發(fā)?類似用法的詞： Have sth. +過(guò)去分詞 I have my hair _. 我把我頭發(fā)剪了。5. excite，excited，exciting意

12、思及用法的區(qū)別 excite 動(dòng)詞，意為“（使）興奮；激發(fā)；喚起”，其形容詞為excited和exciting。 excited 形容詞，表示“興奮的”，指人、物對(duì).感到興奮，是（主動(dòng)地感到）興奮的 exciting 形容詞，表示“令人興奮的；使人激動(dòng)的”，指人、事、物本身讓人興奮、激動(dòng) 試比較：Are you about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了，感到興奮嗎？ He told us an story yesterday. 他昨天給我們講了一個(gè)使人激動(dòng)的故事。 Its nothing to get about. 這沒(méi)什么可值得激動(dòng)的。 Ive got an piece

13、of work. 我得到了一份令人興奮的工作。類推： 物+ 動(dòng)詞 + 人 The book interests me. = 物 + be V-ing to + 人 The book is interesting to me. = 人+ be V-ed 介 + 物 I am interested in the book. 6. bring、take、carry、get、lift 攜帶、運(yùn)送 get意為“拿”、“取”指說(shuō)話人所在地出發(fā)，把人或物帶回原處，表示動(dòng)作的往返。Can you get me some water?Please get a doctor at once. Bill is ha

14、ving a cold. lift意為“抬、提、舉”，表示把某物從某一低處般到某一高處，動(dòng)作由低到高。Tom is lifting a basket of apples on to a tractor.The students are lifting the desks on to the second floor.Lift 名詞： 7. Regret的用法 regret to do sth. 表示后悔、抱歉去做某事，該事還未發(fā)生 regret doing sth. 表示后悔曾經(jīng)做過(guò)某事，該事已經(jīng)發(fā)生了練習(xí)： I dont _ her what I thought. A. Regret tel

15、ling B. Regret tell C. Regret to tell D. Regret told相似用法： Forget to do sth. Forget doing sth. Remember to do sth. Remember doing sth. 8. Agree 的用法 (1) agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意見(jiàn)、想法、分析、解釋等 (即持同一觀點(diǎn))：I dont agree with you. 我不同意你的意見(jiàn)。 表示 (2) agree to 主要用來(lái)表示 We agreed to their arrangement. 我們同意了他們的安排。 (3) ag

16、ree on upon主要指 ：We agreed on the price. 我們就價(jià)格達(dá)成了一致意見(jiàn)。Both sides agreed on these terms. 雙方都同意這些條件。后接動(dòng)名詞 (=agree sth)：He agreed on lending (= ) us some money. 他同意借給我們一些錢。Mary agreed on coming = on Monday. 瑪麗同意星期一來(lái)。9. keep.away from 使遠(yuǎn)離We must keep teenagers away from drugs.我們必須讓青少年遠(yuǎn)離毒品。 keep sb. from

17、doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 =stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人去做某事10. manage to do sth.準(zhǔn)確的意思是：成功地做到（了）某事，是有明確結(jié)果的。也就是說(shuō) A managed to do sth.=A succeeded in doing sth.Manage 管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)，處理I can manage it. 我可以處理。11. Succeed的用法 succeed in + doing sth = 成功做成某事succeed to . 繼承(王位等）succeed sb. 繼承succeed with sth:在

18、某方面獲得成功辨析：succeed, success, successful的區(qū)別和用法1) succeed的用法succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，因此不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接 in doing sth。She succeeded in (passing) the exam.(她考試及格了)。succeed 表示“接替(某人)”，是及物動(dòng)詞，其后無(wú)需用介詞 after。但它若表示“繼承(職位、頭銜、財(cái)產(chǎn)等)”，則是不及物的，后跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)帶介詞 to(此時(shí)也不用 after)，She succeeded him to the mayoralty.(她

19、接替他擔(dān)任市長(zhǎng))。2) success的用法success 表示抽象意義的“成功”，是不可數(shù)的；表示具體意義的“成功的人或事”, 則是可數(shù)的。His new book was a great success.(他新出版的書(shū)獲得了巨大成功)。have success in doing sth做某事有結(jié)果或效果。What success did you have in finding a new job?(你想找份新工作結(jié)果如何?)3) successful的用法The performance was successful.表示成功地做某事，be successful in doing sth，T

20、hey were successful in launching a communication satellite. (他們成功地發(fā)射了一顆通訊衛(wèi)星)。12. much as Much as she likes him, she would never consider marrying him.盡管她喜歡他, 但她并不打算嫁給他。 as much I would do as much for you.我同樣為你這樣做。活學(xué)活用: 1. Im worried about the (safe) of the product.2. When I realized my mistake, I (r

21、egret) not taking my mothers advice.3. Teens should be (educate) to be polite to the elderly.4. (smoke) is not allowed in this area.5. Its hard for me to make a (decide) right now. 【定語(yǔ)從句】 首先要看先行詞,如果先行詞是指人, 關(guān)系代詞用 who, that, whom, whose； 如果先行詞是指物, 關(guān)系代詞可用 which 或 that1. who 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)： The boy who is

22、 wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？3. whose 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)：I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which指物，在定語(yǔ)從中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)：Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物，有時(shí)也指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)：Ive read the

23、 newspaper that(which) carries the important news.6. when 指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)： Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm.7. where 指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)： This is the house where we lived last year.注意：只能使用that,不用which 的情況：(1) 先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代詞時(shí)：All that he said is

24、true. (2) 先行詞被only, no, any, all,等詞修飾時(shí)：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的詞：This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行詞既包括人又包括物時(shí)：He talked about the people and the thing

25、s he remembered.只能用which，不用that 的情況：(1) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從中： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(2) 定語(yǔ)從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時(shí)： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.I.單項(xiàng)填空。 1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father? -Yes, hes our headmaster. A. he B. who C. w

26、hich D. whom 2. Is this the river _I can swim? A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day? A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 5.

27、Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing. A. that B. it C. which who 7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gate A. whos B. whose C. that of which. 8. The girl _ is reading under the t

28、ree _my sister. A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was 9. I love places _the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who 10. The world _ is made up of matter. A. in that we live B. on which we live C. where we live in D. we live in . 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom填空。 1. Th

29、e first thing _you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _is called April Fools Day in the west. 3. The family _had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _we live in is very old. 5. Didnt you see the man _I talked with just now?課后鞏固：一.首字母填空 1. The

30、teacher is listening to the students reading the poem a . 2. I didnt quite catch you. Would you please r the number? 3. Some students look shy at school, but they are very a with their parents. 4. The l takes only 37 seconds to go up from the 5th floor to the 89th. 5. Chinese tennis player Li Na is

31、a by millions of tennis fans all over the world. 6. Though the animal is t in size, it can make a loud sound. 7. Action has been taken to prevent the s of H7N9, so people neednt live in fear. 8. The doctors s that children should not eat too much sugar. 9. Taking an online c is a good way to improve

32、 your cooking skill. 10. The Palace Museum has been open to the p since 1925.11. We laid out our food on the green g and began our picnic.12. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was c in 2006. Building this railway was a long and hard project.13. Drivers will be p by law if they run the red lights.14. Barack

33、Obama was e in Harvard University from 1988 to 1991.15. You can search for information on your phone for free if it has been c to WIFI.短文填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)選擇合適的單詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文完整、連貫。（有兩項(xiàng)多余）manage, divide, proud, if, that, how, leaf,fail, you, look, avoid, succeedDear Lucy, We celebrated the Dragon Boat Fe

34、stival last week. And I felt (1) this year because I did something special. I made zongzi with my classmates!On that day, our teacher (2) us into five groups. I had eight helpers in my group, but at first, I still doubted (3) I could finish the task (任務(wù)). Before we started, we had watched the teachi

35、ng video. The teacher told us to be careful while working. He told us to (4) spreading rice about. When he said “Try it (5) now!”, I was so nervous. I looked at those reed (蘆葦) (6) and rice and had no idea about all this stuff (材料). But I didnt want to lose. I tried my best to think (7) my grandmoth

36、er did it when I was a child. She always made the perfect zongzi for us. Right! “I just need to do what she did,” I told myself. Of course, things were not so easy as I thought. I (8) a few times. Jimmy laughed at me when he saw my ugly (丑陋的) zongzi. Hard work paid off. I (9) to make my own zongzi!

37、It was small, but it (10) nice. It encouraged everyone in my team! Finally, we made seven zongzi and won the game.Yours, Li Hong二. 短文填空。用下面方框中單詞的適當(dāng)形式填入短文空格內(nèi)，使短文意思正確、通順（每詞限用一次）。將答案按編號(hào)依次填入下方表格內(nèi)。（共10小題，每小題1分；計(jì)10分）student, jump, almost, also, crazy, piano, ticket, musical, European, crowd, that, clothes

38、When I was at university, every night there was at least one concert and sometimes two or three. 1 every band was a rock band. Most of the bands were not well-known and some came from 2 or the US. The venues (會(huì)場(chǎng)) were small, so the 3 were very cheap. This meant my friends and I could go to see a ban

39、d whenever we wanted to.The venues were full of 4. Everyone went pretty 5. Most people drank beer and sang along with the band. The rooms were 6, noisy and smelly. People 7 up and down with the music and knocked into (撞上) each other. After the concerts, band members and their friends would stand out

40、side selling T-shirts or CDs. After three years of university, half of my dresses were made up of clothes from 8 concerts. Many of my friends were 9 in bands or wanted to be one of the members. Many famous bands were started at university by students who shared a passion (激情) for 10. Even Tony Blair

41、 was in a band at Oxford University.單項(xiàng)選擇 一： ( )1. In China, no one is allowed to drive a car without drivers license. Its just same in our country. A. /; the B. a; the C. a; a D. /; a( )2. Excuse me, sir. But your bike gets the way of my car. Sorry. I didnt see your car. A. in B. at C. on D. inside(

42、 )3. I am afraid the room is for us to live in. Yes, it is. But lets make do (將就) with it. A. too large B. large enough C. too tiny D. tiny enough( )4. Grandpa said Transformer 4 was . I am not surprised. Its not a movie for the old. A. wonderful B. exciting C. awful D. interesting ( )5. Do you have

43、 to take some art lessons on Saturday? Yes. I have no . I dont want my parents to be angry.A. idea B. chance C. reason D. choice( )6. Do you need a helping hand with the job? I can it. Thanks anyway. A. manage B. supportC. encourage D. refuse ( )7. My bike is broken. What should I do? You can get it

44、 in that bike shop. A. repairB. repaired C. repairsD. to repair( )8. the Heats the NBA finals this year? Yes. But they lost the champion. A. Has; entered B. Has; entered into C. Did; enter D. Did; enter into( )9. How I regret when my father told me not to play computer games! Youd better say sorry t

45、o him.A. talked back B. talking back C. to talk back D. to talking back( )10. Do you mean you will join the club? Yes, I am it.A. nervous about B. tired of C. careful with D. serious about( )11. must the machine be checked? It needs checking every month. A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How s

46、oon( )12. Students be allowed to use mobile phones at school. I agree. Phones can bring troubles. A. shouldntB. wouldnt C. might D. need( )13. Why most stars in the daytime? Because the sun is too bright.A. cant; see B. cant; be seen C. werent; see D. werent; seen( )14. Do you agree that students sh

47、ould be made some housework at home? I cant agree more. It can help them grow up. A. to doB. do C. doingD. to doing( )15. Mom, would you allow me to swim in the lake? . The lake is so large and deep. A. Not at all B. No problem C. Never mind D. No way單項(xiàng)選擇二 ( )5. boy from Greece is honest boy. A. The

48、; a B. The; an C. A; the( )6. My 3-year-old cousin dances music as soon as he listens to it.A. in B. to C. for( )7. Mom, Im very hungry now! You can have some first. A. juiceB. biscuitsC. relish( )8. Dont be worried. The competition isnt very difficult. You can do it well. Oh, I hope everything goes

49、 well. A. itself B. myself C. yourself( )9. Peter is dishonest. he says, nobody will believe him. A. However B. Whenever C. Whatever ( )10. Therell be some famous pictures in the museum this Sunday. Lets go and have a look. A. on holiday B. on vacation C. on display( )11. Do you like rock music? No,

50、 not at all. I like music really gentle. A. thats B. that areC. who is( )12. Your parents have given you much help, they were very busy. A. because B. what if C. though( )13. I dont think the coat you fine. You look more attractive in red. A. costs B. suits C. misses ( )14. The gift Bob bought for h

51、is mother yesterday was very special. A. what B. /C. who ( )15. Over the years, Mr Li lots of photos for some magazines. A. took B. has taken C. would take( )16. Have you ever visited Germany? . But I expect to go there again.A. Perhaps B. Yes, I have C. I dont know( )17. Its too hot. I want to eat a lot of ice cream. You can eat just a litt