非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)

1、一、概述一、概述 當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述人們的一般認(rèn)識(shí)或說(shuō)的話時(shí)，常用這當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述人們的一般認(rèn)識(shí)或說(shuō)的話時(shí)，常用這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)：樣的結(jié)構(gòu)： Itbe過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞that從句從句其中其中it是形式主語(yǔ)是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是真正的主語(yǔ)是that從句從句。常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：predict, say, know, believe, think, claim(聲稱聲稱), suppose(認(rèn)為認(rèn)為,猜想猜想), fear(恐怕恐怕,擔(dān)憂擔(dān)憂)等等，這一，這一結(jié)構(gòu)稱為結(jié)構(gòu)稱為。 二、用法二、用法 (1)“It be過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞that從句從句”可以變?yōu)榭梢宰優(yōu)椤癙eople動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞that

2、從句從句” 和和“Sb./Sth.be過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞不定式不定式”兩種形兩種形式。式。 例：人們說(shuō)喬治會(huì)把他的基因傳給新一代。例：人們說(shuō)喬治會(huì)把他的基因傳給新一代。 It is said that George will pass on his genes to a new generation. People say that George will pass on his genes to a new generation. George is said to pass on his genes to a new generation. (2009全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷) It is often

3、_ that human beings are naturally equipped to (具備具備)speak.A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said 解析：解析：選選A?？疾楣潭ň涫?。句式考查固定句式。句式It is often said that.表示表示“據(jù)說(shuō)據(jù)說(shuō)；人們常說(shuō)；人們常說(shuō)”。It為形式主語(yǔ)，指代為形式主語(yǔ)，指代that從句。句意：從句。句意：人們?nèi)藗兂Ｕf(shuō)，人天生具有語(yǔ)言能力。常說(shuō)，人天生具有語(yǔ)言能力。 用用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)不定式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn)：應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn)： 1)主謂一致主謂一致 污染被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)非常嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。污染被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)

4、非常嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。 It is thought that pollution is a very serious problem. Pollution is thought to be a very serious problem. 據(jù)說(shuō)海豚是非常友好的動(dòng)物。據(jù)說(shuō)海豚是非常友好的動(dòng)物。 It is said that dolphins are very friendly animals. Dolphins are said to be very friendly animals. 2)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)不定式的時(shí)態(tài) (1)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于轉(zhuǎn)述的如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于轉(zhuǎn)述的同一時(shí)間同一時(shí)間/ /還未發(fā)

5、生還未發(fā)生，用不定式的，用不定式的一般式一般式(to do )。 據(jù)說(shuō)他是這家公司的經(jīng)理。據(jù)說(shuō)他是這家公司的經(jīng)理。 It is said that he is the manager of the company. He is said to be the manager of the company. 他們恐怕會(huì)放棄。他們恐怕會(huì)放棄。 It was feared that they would give up.They were feared to give up. (2)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作此時(shí)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作此時(shí)正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生，用不定，用不定式的式的進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)(to be doing)。 據(jù)

6、報(bào)道警察據(jù)報(bào)道警察正在正在調(diào)查調(diào)查(look into)這起案件。這起案件。 It is reported that the police are looking into this case.The police are reported to be looking into this case.(3)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在轉(zhuǎn)述之前在轉(zhuǎn)述之前，則用不，則用不定式的定式的完成式完成式(to have done)。 人們猜想那架飛機(jī)被劫持人們猜想那架飛機(jī)被劫持(hijack)了。了。 It is supposed that the plane was hijacked. The

7、plane is supposed to have been hijacked. 人們知道那個(gè)小偷已經(jīng)被逮捕了。人們知道那個(gè)小偷已經(jīng)被逮捕了。 It is known that the thief has been arrested. The thief is known to have been arrested. (2007遼寧遼寧)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of (看見(jiàn)看見(jiàn)) Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record (破世界紀(jì)錄破世界紀(jì)錄) in the 110meter hurdle

8、 race. Abreaking Bhaving broken Cto have broken Dto break 解析：解析：選選C 。此題考查了。此題考查了sb. is reported to do結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。break這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在report之前，故之前，故用完成時(shí)態(tài)。用完成時(shí)態(tài)?？偨Y(jié)：非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式用法總結(jié)：非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式用法 dosb./sth. be said to have donereported/thought/believed/known.be doing 同時(shí)同時(shí)/ /未發(fā)生未發(fā)生 正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生 在轉(zhuǎn)述之前在轉(zhuǎn)述之前注意：注意：若轉(zhuǎn)述的

9、動(dòng)詞是若轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)詞是suggest, order, require, demand等單詞，從句需用等單詞，從句需用(should) do形式。形式。e.g. 人們已經(jīng)建議必須立即人們已經(jīng)建議必須立即采取措施采取措施。 (take measures) It is suggested that measures _ at once. (should) be taken1. The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. (08陜西陜西) A. to be sent B. to send C. being

10、 sent D. sending 2. AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. (06湖北湖北) A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been ADpast3. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement _.(江蘇江蘇2007) A. has been reached B. h

11、ad been reached C. has reached D. had reached reach an agreement: 達(dá)成協(xié)議達(dá)成協(xié)議4. It is said that the early European playingcards _ for entertainment and education. (遼寧遼寧2006) A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designedBD“設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)”這一動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已結(jié)束這一動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已結(jié)束5. It was ordered that

12、all the soldiers _ to the front. A. should send B. must be sent C. be sent D. must go6. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account. (上海上海 2005)A. What is required B. What requiresC. It is required D. It requiresCC()What is required that7. Leonardo D

13、a Vinci (14521519) _ birds kept in cages (關(guān)在籠中的鳥(niǎo)關(guān)在籠中的鳥(niǎo)) in order to have the pleasure of setting them free (釋放釋放).A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought8. Is Bob still performing? Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become a

14、n official. (05江蘇江蘇) A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be leftBA(在轉(zhuǎn)述之前在轉(zhuǎn)述之前已經(jīng)離開(kāi)舞臺(tái)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)舞臺(tái))9. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to studyC. to be studying D. to have been studying比較比較: :Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studies in. 10. Police are now searching for a