中考定語從句講解(通俗易懂-含圖標式講解和練習)

1、中考定語從句講解通俗易懂，含練習題 定語從句 請看下面的句子： I want to know the boy who is the tallest. 句子做定語修飾boy一概念:定語從句：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子， 叫定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。關系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。（2） 定語從句的分類、限定性定語從句：從句不可少，沒有它，先行詞的意思不明確，主句也不完整。與先行詞之間不用逗號。e.g:This is the book that/which I want.、非限定性定語從句：是對先行詞的補充說明，沒有它不會影響先行詞或主句意思的完整性。 從句一般用逗號同主

2、句分開。e.g:Mr. Green， who is watching TV，is my uncle.三(限定性)定語從句的結構Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行詞 關系詞 定語從句關系代詞 關系副詞 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when, why四定語從句的實質：二句合一合并條件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地Mary is a girl. 合并為一個句子She has long hair.思路：留保存先行詞-舍舍去與先行詞互指的詞-替用關系詞代替舍去局部Mary is a girl who/that has l

3、ong hair.請把以下句子二句合一 1. I saw the man.He closed the door 2.The girl is happy. She won the race 3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen 五 定語從句關系詞確實定:l a.先行詞的分類l b.先行詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞?.先行詞做主語 人：who/that 物：which/that2.先行詞做賓語 人：who/whom/that 物：which/that3.先行詞做定語 人：whose 物：whose/of which4.先行詞做狀語：when

4、, where, whyl who, whom, whose, that用法區(qū)別.l who /that作定語從句的主語或賓語. The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做題思路：先分解分析再合并分解 The man is a worker. The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主語l Whom /that作定語從句的賓語 The woman whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解 The woman is a teacher.

5、 They wanted to visit the woman. 作賓語注意: 關系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略.l whose 作定語從句的定語. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl. The girls mother is a teacher. 作定語小結：關系詞判斷步驟l 首先，要區(qū)分出先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關系詞可能就用who, that whom, whose。如果先行詞指物,關系詞可能用which或thatl 然后，要確定關系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表先行詞 主語 賓語 定語 人who, thatw

6、ho(m), that whose 物 which, thatwhich, that whose, of which穩(wěn)固練習：用適當代關系詞填空1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.六只能用that,不能用which的情況： (1)先行詞為all, everything，anythi

7、ng，nothing, something, nothing ,few, little, much, the one等不定代詞時； (2)先行詞被形容詞最高級所修飾或被the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of 等修飾時： (3)先行詞為數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞含 last)修飾時。 4先行詞是并列詞組既有人又有物時。 (5)在以who, which開頭的句子中為了防止重復?？谠E：不定代詞這一伙，全用that準沒錯 先行詞前有修飾，千萬不能用which.請在以下例句中體會以上規(guī)那么：1. Here is somethi

8、ng that I will tell you.2.We havent got much that we can offer you.3. Is it the one that you want ?4.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard.5. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see.6.Which is the bike that you lost?7.Who is the woman that was praised at the

9、meeting?七只能使用which 的情況l 1.關系代詞前有介詞時；l 2.先行詞本身是 that 時；l 3.非限定定語從句l 口訣:要有which別著急，l 介詞提前逗隔離。l e.g:1.This is the classroom in which we studied for two year.l 2.She has two dolls，which are from her parents單項選擇：l 1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.l   A. that    

10、60;B. who      C. whom        D. thisl 2. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary.l   A. that     B. whose     C. which          D. asl 3. Is th

11、is the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday?l   A. the one      B. which  C. who  D. whoml 4.Is this factory a lot of students visited ? A. the one   B. which  C. who  D. whol 5. The only language _ is easy to learn is th

12、e mother tongue.l   A. which    B. that    C. /   D. itl 6. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.l   A. which     B. in which     C. that    &

13、#160;   D. alll 7. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised.l   A. That    B. Who    C. The one who   D. The students whol 注意：l 當關系詞作定語從句的主語時，從句謂語動詞的形式應與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。假設句中無先行詞，先補出先行詞再判斷用法。4,7題完成以下句子：1.這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生. who saved the boy s life

14、This is the doctor 2.正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔. who is running The man is my uncle.3.我看見一位錢包喪失了的婦女。I saw a woman whose bag was stolen /whose bag was lost.4. 住在隔壁的那個小伙的是教師.The young man is a teacher. who lives next door注意：定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句影響。【定語從句中考真題演練】1、There are lots of things _ I need to prepare before the trip. (

15、河北省卷)A. who B. that C. whom D. whose2、Jim dislikes people _talk much but never do anything. 吉林省通化市A.whomB.whenC.whoseD.who3、I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday. 江蘇省南京市 -Oh,how nice!Do you know when he_?A.left B.was leaving C.has left D.had left4、We are trying to help those children _lost

16、 their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province. (浙江省衢州市)A. whichB. when C. whoD. whose5、Do you know the girl _is singing in the classroom? (湖南長沙) A.whoB.whichC.when6、The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu. 江蘇省揚州市 -Yes.They are helping the people _are suffering from the earthquake.A.which B.what C

17、./ D.who7、Have you found the answer to the question _I asked you this morning? 四川省成都市A.whenB.whatC.that8、Friends are those_ make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. 河南省 A which B what C whom D who9、I began to work in Shanghai in the year _ HongKong was returned to

18、 China. 湖北省十堰市A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when10、This is the school _ I studied three years ago. 山東省菏澤市A. where B. when C. that D. which11、What do you usually do in your leisure time? 黑龍江省哈爾濱市I enjoy reading in the library _ I lose myself in a world of good books.A. which B. that C. where12、The village _I visited last year has changed a lot. 福建省福州市 -Really?I hope to go there on day.A.that B.