制冷原理(中英文對(duì)照)

1、制冷原理培訓(xùn)教材Refrigeration principletraining material一：制冷原理簡(jiǎn)介Refrigeration principle本系統(tǒng)屬于蒸汽壓縮式制冷循環(huán)，主要包括壓縮機(jī)、冷凝器、毛細(xì)管、干燥過(guò)濾器、蒸發(fā)器5個(gè)部件，經(jīng)過(guò)壓縮、冷凝、節(jié)流、蒸發(fā)四個(gè)過(guò)程不斷循環(huán)，制 冷劑周期性的發(fā)生從蒸汽變?yōu)橐后w，從液體變?yōu)檎羝臓顟B(tài)變化，不端的把冰 箱內(nèi)的熱量轉(zhuǎn)移到冰箱外部，從而達(dá)到制冷目的。The appliance incorporates a vapor compressor refrigeration system that consists of compressor;

2、 condenser, capillary, filter drier and evaporator and accomplishes the refrigeration through the cycle of compression, condensation, throttling, and evaporation. The process repeats and extracts the heat from the fridge compartment by having the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator and liquefie

3、d in the condenser.1- Compressor2- Condenser3- Dry Filter4- Capillary Tube5- Evaporator二：主關(guān)件簡(jiǎn)介:Main components（一）：壓縮機(jī)Compressor制冷系統(tǒng)的“心臟”，起壓縮和輸送制冷劑的作用，目前所用為往復(fù)活塞式壓 縮機(jī)。Serving as the heart of the refrigeration system, the compressor functions through compressing and passing the refrigerants A reciproca

4、l compressor is adopted in the system.主要性能指標(biāo)Performance1:制冷量:壓縮機(jī)工作時(shí),每小時(shí)從被冷卻物體帶走的熱量以（千焦/小時(shí)）活或瓦 表示.制冷量大小隨工況條件變化，工況條件不同制冷量大小不同.1 . Cooling capacity: refer to the heat in kilojoule/hour extracted from the articles to be cooled down in an hour The cooling capacity changes along with the operating conditi

5、ons*2 .功率,是指壓縮機(jī)每小時(shí)耗功的大小.Power: refer to hourly power consumption of the compressor.3,性能系數(shù)COP:性能系數(shù)就是制冷量與:壓機(jī)輸出功率大小之比,COP越大說(shuō) 明耗電量越小，冰箱越節(jié)能.COP: refer to the cooling capacity - output power ratio. The higher the COP value, the lower the energy consumption* 壓縮機(jī)三個(gè)重要附件：Three essential accessories:1 .啟動(dòng)控制器St

6、art control電冰箱剛開(kāi)始啟動(dòng)時(shí),PTC元件溫度較低，電阻小，啟動(dòng)繞組接通，由于啟動(dòng)電 流大,PTC溫度隨之升高，當(dāng)達(dá)到臨界溫度電阻猛增到數(shù)萬(wàn)歐姆,可視為斷路. 于是與之串聯(lián)的起動(dòng)繞組斷電，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)繞組正常工作.PTC是一種無(wú)觸電開(kāi)關(guān), 但停機(jī)后由于PTC溫度仍很高,所以無(wú)法馬上啟動(dòng).The PTC element has a low temperature and small resistance when the appliance starts. The starting winding is energized. The PTC temperature rises along wi

7、th the increase of the starting current and reaches the threshold temperature when the resistance comes up to thousands of ohms, which is deemed as an open circuit. Then the starting winding in series with the PTC opens and the running winding works normally. PTC is a no-touch switch. When the appli

8、ance is turned off, it cannot start immediately because the PTC temperature is still very high.2 .過(guò)載保護(hù)器Overload protector過(guò)載保護(hù)器是用來(lái)防止壓縮機(jī)過(guò)載和過(guò)熱而燒毀電動(dòng)機(jī)而設(shè)置的，海爾壓機(jī)一般采用碟形保護(hù)器.The overload protector is used to prevent overheating of the compressor that may cause burning-out of the motor. Haier compressor genera

9、lly usebutterfly protector3 .啟動(dòng)電容器Starting capacitor（二）.冷凝器Condenser冷凝器將從蒸發(fā)器中吸收的熱量連同壓機(jī)耗工所轉(zhuǎn)化的熱量在冷凝器中釋放到空氣中，使壓縮機(jī)排出的過(guò)熱蒸汽冷卻為過(guò)冷液體.The refrigerant parts with its heat absorbed from the evaporator and the waste heat produced during the operation of the compressor. The heat is released into the open air and

10、 the overheat vapor from the compressor is condensed into overcool liquid*I.內(nèi)藏式冷凝器是由銅管制成的盤(pán)管貼附在U殼內(nèi)側(cè)而成.The condenser consists of coils made of copper pipe affixed to the U-shaped shell （三）.干燥過(guò)濾器Filter drier干燥過(guò)濾器是利用“分子篩”的吸附作用來(lái)去除制冷系統(tǒng)中的水分,酸質(zhì)機(jī)雜質(zhì)，以防止制冷系統(tǒng)冰堵或臟堵,一般采用釬焊焊接在冷凝器出口和毛細(xì)管之間.The working principle of f

11、ilter drier is to make use of the absorptionaction of molecular sieve to remove the moisture and impurities from the refrigeration system against blockage due to ice or impurities. The filter drier is usually soldered between the condenser outlet and the capillary tube.（四）.毛細(xì)管Capillary tube毛細(xì)管因?yàn)榧?xì)而長(zhǎng),

12、所以對(duì)制冷劑有一定阻力，一方面可使制冷劑降壓，一方 面又可在一定范圍內(nèi)限制流量，有一定的自補(bǔ)償能力，在冰箱停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后，可 起均壓作用，使高低壓壓力趨向平衡，便于下次啟動(dòng)。Capillary tube is the metering device of the refrigeration systeim It has a bore of 0. 62. Omm and a length of L 54. 0m. Thin and long, the capillary tube accomplishes the reduction in pressure from the condenser to the evaporator by using the pressure drop or friction loss through a long small opening. The pressures through the system tend to equali