六年級(jí)英語(yǔ) 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義素材

1、主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是中學(xué)階段必須掌握的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目，每年的高考試題都涉及這方面的知識(shí)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常由“be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。但是英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，下面就這種情況作一小結(jié)：1有些連系動(dòng)詞，如smell, taste, sound, prove, feel, seem, appear 等，常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，以主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。如：The flowers smell sweet. 這種花聞起來(lái)很香。The fish tastes good. 這魚味道很好。What he said sounded reasonable. 他的話聽(tīng)上去言之有理。 Do you l

2、ike the material? 你喜歡這料子嗎？ Yes, it feels very soft. 喜歡，它摸上去很柔軟。2一些與cant, wont等連用的動(dòng)詞，如move, lock, shut, open等，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：It cant move. 它不能動(dòng)彈。The door wont shut. 這門關(guān)不上。3一些可和 well, easily等副詞連用的動(dòng)詞，如 read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, look, photograph, sell等，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：The cloth washes well. 這布料

3、很好洗。The poem reads smoothly. 這首詩(shī)讀起來(lái)很流暢。Books of this kind sell well. 這種書很暢銷。4一些用于“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞，如blow, wear 等，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：The door blew open. 門被吹開了。The material has worn thin. 這種布料已穿薄了。5某些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)具有被動(dòng)含義。如：The meat is cooking. 正在燉肉。The cake is baking. 正在烤蛋糕。The book is printing. 正在印書。6動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，

4、如果與被修飾語(yǔ)呈動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且與句子的主語(yǔ)呈主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，則用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：I have lots of work to do this week. 本周我有許多事要做。Have you got anything to say at the meeting? 會(huì)上你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎？7動(dòng)詞不定式用在某些形容詞之后作狀語(yǔ)，并與句子的主語(yǔ)呈動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，則用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：This question is difficult to answer. 這問(wèn)題難回答。The problem is easy to work out. 這道題容易做。English is hard to lea

5、rn. 英語(yǔ)難學(xué)。8動(dòng)詞need, want, require 表示“需要”時(shí)，后面常接動(dòng)詞的ing形式表示被動(dòng)含義（此結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）。這種情況下，句子的主語(yǔ)在邏輯上應(yīng)是動(dòng)詞的ing形式的賓語(yǔ)。如：The house needs repairing. (= The house needs to be repaired.)這房子需要修理一下。The room wants cleaning. (= The room wants to be cleaned.)這房間需要打掃。9在be worth doing結(jié)構(gòu)中，主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：The Great Wall is well

6、worth seeing. 長(zhǎng)城很值得一看。 What do you think of the book? 你認(rèn)為這本書怎樣? Oh, excellent. Its worth reading a second time. 好極了，值得再讀一遍。10在其他一些短語(yǔ)中，主動(dòng)形式也可表被動(dòng)含義。如：Am I to blame? 我該受責(zé)備嗎？The house is to let. 房子要出租。鞏固練習(xí)：從下列各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. As time went on, his theory _ to be true.A. proved B. is pr

7、oved C. is to prove D. was proved2. Would you like to go to Shanghai? Yes. In the last ten years, great changes _ in Shanghai.A. has taken place B. have happenedC. have taken place D. have been taken place3. This kind of cloth _ well and _ long.A. is washed; lasts B. washes; lastsC. washes; is laste

8、d D. is washed; is lasted4. Which of his books do you think _ best among the bestsellers?A. sells B. is sold C. are written D. write5. The girl is easy _ along with.A. to be got B. get C. to get D. getting6. The question asked by him is hard _.A. to be answered B. to answer C. to be answering D. for answering 7. The story was not interesting enough _.A. to be publishing B. to publish C. publish D. published8. What do you expect me to do? The house needs _.A. painting B. to paint C. being painted D. be painted9. There are six letters for me _.A. write B. to be writ