初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)集錦

1、八上英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)集錦 1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a.,every.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第一、二人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞原形，第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)后跟動(dòng)詞加's'/'es'。2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment .用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)是be (am, is, are) +v-ing3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段時(shí)間, some day, next.用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)：will +

2、 v原 /be going to +v原（沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞用be ）4、如有yesterday, .ago , last.just now.用一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞加ed 5. 比較幾個(gè)“花費(fèi)”spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事 sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事 sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花費(fèi)錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物 sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花費(fèi)錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物 Cost: sth . cost sb. some money 某物花去

3、某人錢(qián)pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付錢(qián)Take: It takes (took) sb. some time to do sth.做某事花去某人時(shí)間 6.else常修飾不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞或副詞，也可修飾all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格為else's. else修飾不定代詞something ,everything anything , nothing, somebody, anybody ,nobody和who, what ,when ,where時(shí)放后。（something else）7.the number

4、of 的數(shù)目，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用三單, a number of =many,大量，許多后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（a large number of， a small number of ）8.四說(shuō)，1,speak說(shuō)語(yǔ)言，2.say說(shuō)內(nèi)容，3,talk與誰(shuí)說(shuō)，4,tell告訴，講述，四看，1,watch觀看電視，比賽和表演，2,see看人，電影，醫(yī)生，風(fēng)景， 3,read看書(shū)，報(bào)，4,look就看。 看場(chǎng)電影要用see，讀書(shū)看報(bào)用read 電視、戲劇、比賽，凡是表演用watch,observe細(xì)觀察，一時(shí)注意用notice.9. it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.

5、寫(xiě)性格，品質(zhì),如：kind, good, nice , right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish等。It is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 對(duì)物的評(píng)價(jià)，如：difficult ,easy hard, dangerous, important,等10.建議：1. why don't you do sth?=why not do sth? 2. How about doing sth?=what about doing sth? 3. You should /can do sth. 4. Remember to do

6、sth. 5. Don't forget to do sth. 6. can you do sth ? 7. Let's do sth. 8. It'sa good idea to do 9.would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do? 11.You'd better (not )do sth.回答：That's a good idea. Thanks a lot. Great, OK. That's right. All right. Good idea. Sure.11.連系動(dòng)詞，一是be (am, is ,a

7、re ,was ,were,)一感覺(jué)feel ，二是保持keep，三是變become,get turn，四是起來(lái)taste ,smell , look, sound，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。12.不定代詞：somebody, some 某人，anybody,anyone任何人nobody,no one，沒(méi)人everyone,everybody每個(gè)人,something某物 ,anything任何物,nothing沒(méi)事,everything一切事物，修飾他們的形容詞放后。（something wrong）13.交通工具的乘坐，take the(a) +交通工具to , =go.by+交通工具=go.o

8、n /in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽車(chē)只能用in ，其余的可用in ,on); 14.so .that如此.以致于.如果that后是否定,就可以用too.to轉(zhuǎn)換,如果是肯定就用,形容+enough(for sb )to do sth.15. over,在.上面,正上方,中間有段空間,反義為underon 在.上面,貼著物表,反義beneath, above在.上方,高出,反義below16. none 用于三個(gè)以上的全否定，反義為all；neither兩個(gè)都不，反義為both, 17.感官動(dòng)詞see ,hear ,watch,feel ,notice,smell,taste后+名詞或代詞

9、+動(dòng)詞原形(表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)后+名詞或代詞+Ving(表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)18.英語(yǔ)中當(dāng)幾個(gè)單數(shù)人稱(chēng)同時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，先后順序是“二、三、一”19.not .until直到.才.(主句中常用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)till/until直到.為止(主句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)20.when,while ,as的區(qū)別 When可與持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表示"一段時(shí)間,"也可與短暫性動(dòng)詞連用,表示"時(shí)刻"。主句的動(dòng)作可以與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可以先后發(fā)生.如果主從句都是短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí),只能用WhenWhile表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生.其從句的動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,從句多用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),

10、也可用表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的一般時(shí)態(tài).如果主從句都是進(jìn)行時(shí),只能用Whileas與When同義,但as指主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同步發(fā)展.21. no one,一般不與of連用，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，只指人，一般用來(lái)回答whonone ,可與of連用，動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，指人或物，回答how many /how much引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句，以及含any+n 的一般問(wèn)句N(xiāo)othing，指物，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)22.other其他的，另外的，別的； another另一個(gè)人或事物；the other兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)； the others其余的，剩下的人或事物；others其他的，另外的，別的人或物23.四個(gè)也：also,肯

11、定，行前be 后；too肯定，句末；either,否定，句末；as well,肯定，句末。 24.bring,從外往里拿， take ,從里往外拿， carry無(wú)方向, fetch往返拿,25.across ,從一定范圍內(nèi)的一邊到另一邊,表面進(jìn)行through,從中間通過(guò)或穿過(guò),里面進(jìn)行;over上方通過(guò),不接觸表面;26.both.and既.又. ；neither.nor既不.又不； either.or要么.要么； there be有； not only.but also不僅而且其后的謂語(yǔ)形式采用就近原則。 Both Tidy and Mary is a middle school stud

12、ent.Neither she nor I am reading a book now.There is one book and two pens.give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 給某人某物 how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做.怎么樣 each other 互相.thanks a lot= thank you very much非常謝謝That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Not at al

13、l. Why don't you+V原.=why not+.V原 為什么不help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助別人 help sb. (to )do sth.幫助某人做某事 with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的幫助help oneself to sth.請(qǐng)自用食物watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，（現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有做，做過(guò)）watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（正在做） see, hear類(lèi)似remember to do sth.想起記得要做某事，未做事 remember doing s

14、th.相起記得做過(guò)某事forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)某事welcome back歡迎回來(lái) , give sb. some advice給某人一些建議, make a mistake=make mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤,correct spelling正確的拼寫(xiě), what else?=what other things? 還有什么a piece of advice 一條建議, follow /take one's advice采用別人的建議,send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄給某人 send for

15、派人去請(qǐng)/取 send up發(fā)射. all the time一直enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快lots of =a lot of =many(可數(shù))much(不可數(shù))許多 , ,ask for 請(qǐng)求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一塊enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事finish , practice , mind, miss , consider , keep, continue,這些詞語(yǔ)后跟動(dòng)名

16、詞形式V-ing place sth .in =put sth. in 把某物放在里面 take a deep breath深呼吸, catchhold one's breath屏住呼吸, out of breath上氣不接下氣, wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,invite sb.to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣try to do sth.盡力做事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事try not to do sth .盡力不做某事 try one's best盡某人最大的努力,

17、a group of 一組，一群, borrow sth from sb.從某人處借入某物,lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借給某人某物 keep借一段時(shí)間practice doing sth.,練習(xí)做做某事 come from=be from來(lái)自,look for 尋找, look after=care for=take care of照顧look up 向上看，查閱, look like看起來(lái)像,look at 看著, look over 檢查 look out當(dāng)心，向外看 , look through仔細(xì)查看,be ready for =get ready for=

18、prepare for為, be ready準(zhǔn)備好 ,be (get ) ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事，樂(lè)意做某事 成，take a message捎個(gè)信， leave a message留個(gè)信，be good for 對(duì)有好處， be good at =do well in擅長(zhǎng)于make friends with sb.與某人交朋友，hear of聽(tīng)說(shuō)， hear from收到某人的來(lái)信 be bad for對(duì)有害， write to 給寫(xiě)信， next to 在旁邊，speak to sb.和某人講話，say hello to sb. 給某人問(wèn)好， show sb. arou

19、nd somewhere帶某人參觀某地， learn sth from sb.向某人學(xué)習(xí) what's the price of =how much is 問(wèn)價(jià)格 dream about夢(mèng)到, dream of 夢(mèng)見(jiàn), around the world=all over the world全世界, stay with sb.與某人呆一起stay in bed呆在床上 , stay at home呆在家里,take off 脫下，起飛, land on/in /at 著路,all over China,全中國(guó), take a seat =have a seat請(qǐng)坐 ,come ture實(shí)

20、現(xiàn), fly to =go to .by plane(by air),坐飛機(jī)drive to =go to by car開(kāi)車(chē)， walk to =go toon foot步行去sell out 賣(mài)光, at the end 在結(jié)束時(shí), at the end of在盡頭/結(jié)尾 ,everyday English日常英語(yǔ)， first price一等獎(jiǎng)， before long不久， no problem沒(méi)問(wèn)題，have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困難， work out a problem解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題，invite sb to do sth,邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 invit

21、e sb to some place邀請(qǐng)某人去某地,one day,某一天，（過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)） some day某一天（將來(lái)） ,different kinds of =all kinds of 不同種類(lèi)的，各種各樣的， by the end of 到末為止，不遲于 in the end =finally，最后，終于，take a photo=take photos照相，店 cook sth for sb.=cook sb.sth. 為某人做飯buy,makewalk to some where=go to.on foot; fly to somewhere.=go .by planeride t

22、o somewhere=go.by bike, drive to somewhere=go to by car,a kind of一種 , be kind to sb對(duì)某人友善 take off 脫下，起飛，請(qǐng)假, in the photo,在照片里sell out,賣(mài)光 sell to , 賣(mài)給某人 sell well賣(mài)得好 ,go to sleep,去睡覺(jué) the price of,.的價(jià)格，形容價(jià)格用high,low。sell sth at a high price,以高價(jià)出售， sell sth at a low price,以低價(jià)出售。yet ,用于完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句中；hav

23、e a wonderful time 玩得高興,would like to do sth=want to do sth,想要做某事would like sb. to do sth=wat sb to do sth想要某人做某事arrive at (小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get to ,到達(dá)more than ,=over,多于 less than,少于most of. .的大多數(shù), a visit to 對(duì) .的參觀, for a visit 參觀, pay a visit to ,拜訪 as .as.和.一樣 not as .as.=not so .as 不如,in the

24、sky=in the air在天空中, by air=by plane坐飛機(jī),in the last three years在過(guò)去三年里,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),the lastest news,最新消息， get on /along with sb,與.相處, get on well with sb.與.相處融洽hear about ,hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō), in fact實(shí)際上,the Hope Schools,希望學(xué)校 look after=take care of =care for,照顧 take part in, 參加pay for ,支付,付錢(qián) how long ,多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間how soo

25、n,多久 get on badly with ,與.相處不好hear from sb.收到某人的信,電子郵件等 on the farm ,在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上because of因?yàn)? , sell sth.to sb.=sell sb .sth.,把某物賣(mài)給某人buy sth from .buy sth for sb.給某人買(mǎi)東西 take part in=join參加, in good/bad health身體健康/不健康,care about關(guān)心,在乎, take care 當(dāng)心,how often隔多久一次, stop doing sth.停止做某事,stop to do sth.停下來(lái)去做別的事

26、, dress /undressr+人,put on/wear/take off+衣, put on one's clothes穿上衣服with the help of sb.=wiht sb's help 在別人的幫助下without the help of sb.無(wú)人幫助的情況 be famous for ,因.而著名(后+人或物某方面的特點(diǎn),特長(zhǎng))be famous as ,作為.而聞名(后+身份職業(yè)) at the age of =when sb.was.years old, 在.歲的時(shí)候not only.but also.不僅.而且(就近原則)上 classical

27、music,古典音樂(lè)hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō), be born出生, go through穿過(guò), I'm not sure我不確定, I'm sure肯定,make sb.+adj使某人怎么樣, make sb .do sth.使某人做某事,take sb. around帶人四處走走, a piece of music一首樂(lè)曲,go on with sth.繼續(xù)做某事, go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事,learn to do sth學(xué)做某事, learn from sb.向某人學(xué)習(xí),Learn.by heart熟記,背誦, learn one's lesson

28、from.從. 中吸取教訓(xùn),give sb.sth=give sth.to sb. 給某人某物, on the earth在地球上, but 除.之外,常與否定意義詞連用,當(dāng)but前有do時(shí)but后接原形, except,除.之外(不包括)on holiday度假, of course=,sure當(dāng)然 part time job,一份兼職工作 be led by由.帶領(lǐng) go on 繼續(xù), go on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事),go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事(另一件事), go on with sth繼續(xù)做同一件事,但中間暫停過(guò), How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近況如何? by the river,在河邊at this time yesterday昨天 的這個(gè)時(shí)候, in a tree=in the tree ,在樹(shù)上(外來(lái)物)o