直接引語與間接引語

1、I am the king of the whole world.What did the lion say? Direct Speech and Indirect Speech引語的概念引語的概念直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引述別人的原話，叫 _;_;直接引語直接引語 用自己的話把別人的話陳述出來，叫用自己的話把別人的話陳述出來，叫 _。間接引語間接引語直接引語通常都用直接引語通常都用_括起來，括起來， 引號引號“ ” “ ” 間接引語在多數(shù)情況下都構成一個間接引語在多數(shù)情況下都構成一個 _。賓語從句賓語從句Direct Speech Indirect SpeechShe said, “I l

2、ike singing. ”She said, “I am waiting for a bus.”She said, “I visited Europe last year.”She said, “I have never met an American.”She said, “I will see you next week.” She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before.She said she had never

3、 met an American. She said she would see me the next week. SUMMARY 直接引語是陳述句直接引語是陳述句, ,變?yōu)殚g接引語時變?yōu)殚g接引語時用連詞用連詞that引導賓語從句引導賓語從句. .從句中的從句中的人人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語狀語等相應變化等相應變化. .、人稱的變化、人稱的變化口訣說明直接引語間接引語一一隨隨主主二隨賓二隨賓第三第三人稱人稱不變不變引號內(nèi)的第一人引號內(nèi)的第一人稱變間引后與主稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保句主語的人稱保持一致持一致引號內(nèi)的第二人引號內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引

4、后與主稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保句賓語的人稱保持一致持一致引號內(nèi)的第三人引號內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后人稱在變間引后人稱不變稱不變She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennis.He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp him.一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新一隨主

5、，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時過去進行時一般過去時一般過去時 過去完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時一般將來時 過去將來時過去將來時The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注注: : 直引若是客觀真理直引若是客觀真理, ,變?yōu)殚g引時變?yōu)殚g引時, ,時態(tài)不變時態(tài)不變. .時態(tài)變化2 2 直

6、接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語指示指示代詞代詞 時時 間間 狀狀 語語 地點狀語地點狀語 方向性動詞方向性動詞 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next

7、/following month here there come, go,bring take 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 can, may, must could,might,had to Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechShe asked me whetherif I had seen the film.He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?”He asked John ifwhether he was a doctor. She asked us where we were going to get off.He asked them, “Wh

8、o gave you a talk yesterday?”He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.SUMMARY 直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時，直接引語是疑問句，變間接引語時，要從疑問語序變?yōu)橐獜囊蓡栒Z序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序陳述語序。 直接引語是一般疑問句直接引語是一般疑問句, ,變?yōu)殚g接引變?yōu)殚g接引語時語時, ,用連詞用連詞 if 或或 whether 連接。連接。 直接引語是直接引語是特殊疑問句特殊疑問句, ,變?yōu)殚g接引變?yōu)殚g接引語時語時, ,仍用仍用原來原來的疑問詞的疑問詞作連詞來引導。作連詞來引導。Direct Speec

9、hIndirect Speech“Never do that again,” the teacher saidThe policeman ordered us to be quiet.The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.”The teacher told the boy to open the window The teacher said to the boy ,”O(jiān)pen the window .”The teacher told me not /never to do that again“Wait a moment” she said to them.She

10、 asked them to wait a moment . 直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語，直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語，把動詞原形變成把動詞原形變成動詞不定式動詞不定式，并在動詞不，并在動詞不定前加定前加tell, ask, order , advise等動等動詞的賓語。詞的賓語。注意：注意：否定句，在動詞不定式前加否定句，在動詞不定式前加not或或never. .SUMMARYDirect Speech“What a lovely baby it is!” Mrs. Black said.“How exciting the match is!” the students shouted

11、.“What terrible weather!” the boy said.“How strange the case is!” the policeman said.Indirect speechMrs. Black said what a lovely baby it was.The students shouted how exciting the match was.The boy said what terrible weather it was.The policeman said how strange the case was.Summary感嘆句由直接引語改為間接引語時，一

12、般由直接引語中的感嘆詞what 或how 引導間接引語解題步驟解題步驟: :1.1.陳述句陳述句“I dont like computers,” Sandy said to her friends.Sandy said to her friends that I dont like computers.saiddidntsheSandy said to her friends that she didnt like computers.2.2.一般疑問句一般疑問句: :Is it easy to work out the problem?( They asked him )They asked

13、 himifIt is easy to work out the problem.it is easy to work out the problem.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.3.3.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )They asked himwhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he ha

14、rvested the wheat.4.4.祈使句祈使句Little boy, put on your coat.(They ordered )They ordered Little boy Little boy, put on your coat. put on your coat.They ordered the little boy to put on his coat.注意事項1) 1) 人稱人稱2) 2) 時態(tài)時態(tài) 3) 3) 相應的時間地點狀語相應的時間地點狀語4) 4) 標點符號標點符號5 5） 大小寫大小寫6 6） 問號改為句號問號改為句號7 7） 語序語序-疑問改陳述疑問改陳

15、述8 8） 賓語從句由什么引出賓語從句由什么引出9) 9) 祈使句要使用動詞不定式來引述祈使句要使用動詞不定式來引述Exercises : 1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book.” 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.”Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me?”4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food to eat?”She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was anydelicious food to eat.5) “ What are you going to do?” he asked. 6）“How do you go to school every day?” asked Mr. Zhang.He