小升初英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1 .般情況下，直接力口 -s, 如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 .以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，力口 -es, 如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i,冉力口-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4 .以“或fe '結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,冉加-es,如:knife-knives5 .不規(guī)貝名詞復(fù)數(shù) :man-men, woman-wom

2、en, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I him this her watchchild photo diary day footbook dress tooth sheep boxstrawberry peach sandwich dish busman woman二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)

3、?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力。2 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動(dòng)詞要按規(guī)則加 上s,主語(yǔ)是非第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句，動(dòng)詞用原形。3 .在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，否定句在 be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not,- 般疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在句首。4 .在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動(dòng)詞前 加does+not (doesn ； t)J殳疑問(wèn)句在句首加does,句子中原有動(dòng)詞用原形；主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱 單數(shù)，否定句用do+not (don ',t尸般疑問(wèn)句在句首加do

4、,句子中動(dòng)詞用原形。動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1 .一般情況下，直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，力口 -es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以 輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es, 如:study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No. 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2 .表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day我天天六點(diǎn)起床。

5、3 .表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the su地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1 . be動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2 .行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ) 行為動(dòng)詞(其它)。如:We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,itM,要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。No. 2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1 . be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)be not其它。如:He is not a worker他不是

6、工人。一般疑問(wèn)句:Be 主語(yǔ)其它。如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2 .行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)don't( doesn't )動(dòng)詞原形(其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does )主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞原形 其它。如：-Do you often play football?- Yes

7、, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用 does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.動(dòng)詞s的變化規(guī)則1 .一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,力口 -es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以輔音字母y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如:study-studies用括號(hào)內(nèi)

8、動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One.3. We(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they(like) the World Cup?6. What they often(do) on Saturdays?7. your parents(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9. Sh

9、e and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I' m staying in bed.16. She(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

10、17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. -What day(be) it today? - It' s Saturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 be+動(dòng)ting.3 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句

11、首。5 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+ be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1 .一般情況下，直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2 .以不發(fā)音的 e結(jié)尾，去 e力口 ing, 如:make-making, taste-tasting3 .如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingdanceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop

12、二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1 .The boy( draw)a picture now.2 . Listen .Some girls( sing)in the classroom .3 . My mother( cook )some nice food now.4 . What you( do ) now?5 . Look . They( have) an English lesson .6 .They(not ,water) the flowers now.7 .Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8 .What is our grandd

13、aughter doing? She(listen ) to music.9 . It' s 5 o' clock now. We(have)supper now10 .Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、將來(lái)時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。旬中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day aftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):be going to dowill do.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞(am, i

14、s, are)l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 will后加not成won' i 例如：I' m going to have a picnic this afternoon- I' m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、同義句：be going to = will1 .be going to表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事情。2 .肯定句:be going to +動(dòng)詞原形，如:Jim is going to play football.否定句:be not going to + 動(dòng)詞原形，如:Jim is not

15、 going to play football.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首，如:Is Jim going to play football?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+going to+動(dòng)詞原形效口:What is Jim going to do?疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+be+going to+動(dòng)詞原形？如:Who is going to play football?I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí):填空。1 .我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I have a picnic with m

16、y friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2 .我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)We learn English.We learn English.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?waso (was not=wasn ' t)are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were (were not=weren ' t)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定

17、句在 was或were 后加not, 一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句:didn ' tf+詞原形，如:Jim didn' t go home yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?#殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 領(lǐng)口:Who went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1 .一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如:pull

18、-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結(jié)尾是 e 力口 d,如:taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，冉加-ed,（輔+元+輔）如:stop-stopped4 .以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5 .不規(guī)貝動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 :am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-cai have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-san

19、g, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式isamdrinkplantplayaregomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatputkickpassdoBe動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）Name No.Date用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last

20、week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yester

21、day.3. They glad to see each other last month.行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up

22、carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she(find) in the garden last morning? She(find) a beautifulbutterfly.(二)小升初英語(yǔ)詞類：動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：先用 乙(量詞)”如:一個(gè)、一張等)和這個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō)，如說(shuō)得通，一般認(rèn)為是名詞；說(shuō)不通再用 很”去判斷，就是把 很”和為個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō)，說(shuō)得通一般就是形容詞；都說(shuō)不通就是動(dòng)詞。(目前我們學(xué)過(guò)的，以后可能

23、不同)(另外一些很明顯的，如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等一下就可以知道)1、動(dòng)詞這里所說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞是指各種動(dòng)詞總稱，其中包括行為動(dòng)詞(就是我們平時(shí)總說(shuō)的那種動(dòng)詞)、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。(1)行為動(dòng)詞就是我們平時(shí)上課時(shí)說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞，表示某一動(dòng)作或行為。如：sweep live等。行為動(dòng)詞我們已學(xué)過(guò)它們的四種形式：原形、+s/es +ed、+ing,具體判斷方法如下:/有，就加ing讀句子一讀該單詞一認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞一理解意思一看有無(wú)be動(dòng)詞 (若是be going to就用原形)'沒(méi)有，再看情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/有，就用原形/有，就加ed'沒(méi)有，再看有無(wú)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)/是第三人稱單數(shù)就加s或es'

24、;沒(méi)有，再看主語(yǔ)不是第三人稱單數(shù)就用原形(2)be動(dòng)詞a、Am-was Is -was Are-were 口訣:我用am,你用are, is用他她它，所有復(fù)數(shù)全用 are。b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher.My hair is(not) long.c、一般疑問(wèn)句Am I a Chinese?Are they American?Is the cat fat?She is(not) in the dining room.Her eyes are(not) small.Yes, you are. No, you areH t.Y

25、es, they are. No, they aren t.Yes, it is. No, it isn' t.我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的be動(dòng)詞大致分兩類：is、am、are為一類，般用于一般過(guò)一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)中，was和were為另一類,去時(shí)判斷步驟：/第一、三人稱單數(shù)，就用 was/有，再看人稱第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復(fù)數(shù),就用 were看有無(wú)表小過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)/第一人稱單數(shù)，就用am'沒(méi)有，再看人稱一第三人稱單數(shù)，就有is第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復(fù)數(shù)，就用 are用 am, is, are填空1. I a boy.you a boy? No, I not.2. The

26、 girl Jack's sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom?6. Where your mother? She at home.7. How your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao at school.9. Whose dress this?10. Whose socks they?(3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是一類特殊的動(dòng)詞，平時(shí)我們不把它說(shuō)成是動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以和行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中。我們現(xiàn)

27、在學(xué)過(guò)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：cars must、should、would、may。接觸最多的是 can。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)2、名詞表示某一事物，有具體的和抽象的之分。判斷的關(guān)鍵詞往往是be動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞如果是am、is或was,名詞就用原形；be動(dòng)詞如果是are或were,名詞就加s或eso這里強(qiáng)調(diào)兩點(diǎn)：不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù)，所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)some any、a lot of等詞去作判斷，以免受誤導(dǎo)。如何加后綴：a.般情況下，直接力口 -s, 如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedsb.以 s. x.

28、sh. ch結(jié)尾，力口 -es, 如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchesc.以輔音字母+y"'結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i,冉力口-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberriesd.以“或fe '結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,冉加-es,如:knife-knivese.不規(guī)貝名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth